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標題: | 食品攙偽假冒罪之爭議 The Controversy over the Crime of Food Adulteration or Counterfeiting Offenses |
作者: | 黃冠儒 Kuan-Ju Huang |
指導教授: | 王皇玉 Huang-Yu Wang |
關鍵字: | 食品安全,攙偽假冒,抽象危險犯,食品安全衛生管理法,食品攙偽假冒罪,保護法益,國民健康, Food Safety,Adulteration or Counterfeiting,Abstract Crime of Danger,Act Governing Food Safety and Sanitation,Crime of Food Adulteration or Counterfeiting Offenses,Protected Legal Interest,National Health, |
出版年 : | 2023 |
學位: | 碩士 |
摘要: | 在面對我國如雨後春筍般出現的食品安全風波事件,尤其是食品攙偽假冒行為之猖獗,立法者為了安撫社會大眾對於食安的焦慮及恐懼,企圖藉由治亂世用重典之刑事政策做為解決手段,而不斷擴大食品安全衛生管理法第15條第1項第7款及第49條第1項食品攙偽假冒罪之處罰範圍及其程度。
然而,多數的食安事件實際上係牽涉風險層次之爭論,我國卻將其直接透過刑罰加以解決,如此恐有違刑法謙抑性及最後手段性等刑法基本原則之要求,且未必能真正有效將食安問題防患於未然。也因此,針對現行之食品攙偽假冒罪,即衍生出一些適用上的關鍵問題:本罪的保護法益為何?以及在此保護法益下對於「攙偽或假冒」構成要件行為之解釋又該如何? 本文擬從食品攙偽假冒罪之立法沿革出發,並整理近10年來有關食品攙偽假冒行為之司法實務判決,同時回顧既有的食品攙偽假冒罪與抽象危險犯相關文獻資料,藉此全盤掌握理解食品攙偽假冒罪之不法內涵,以及抽象危險犯之危險概念。而在本文確立食品攙偽假冒罪之保護法益,僅在於「國民健康」(不特定多數人之生命、身體、健康)此一集體法益後,接著以此保護法益為基礎,進一步對於食品攙偽假冒罪之未來修法檢討及現行構成要件解釋,嘗試提出本文的具體建議方向。 In the face of a surge in food safety incidents in Taiwan, particularly the rampant occurrence of food adulteration or counterfeiting, legislators have sought to assuage public anxiety and fear by resorting to a punitive criminal policy under the Act Governing Food Safety and Sanitation. This has involved the continual expansion of the scope and severity of penalties outlined in Article 15, Paragraph 1, Subparagraph 7, and Article 49, Paragraph 1, related to the crime of food adulteration or counterfeiting offenses. However, the majority of food safety incidents involve debates over risk levels, but our country solved this kind of problems through criminal sanctions, the direct resolution may potentially violate fundamental principles of criminal law, such as the decline-restraint principle and the principle of last resort (ultima ratio). Moreover, such an approach may not necessarily effectively prevent food safety issues. Consequently, the critical questions arise regarding the current crime of food adulteration or counterfeiting offenses: What is the protected legal interest of this crime? And how should the element of crime "adulteration or counterfeiting" be interpreted under this protected legal interest? This thesis intends to delve into the legislative history of the crime of food adulteration or counterfeiting offenses, analyze judicial practices of such offenses over the past decade, and review existing academic literature on such offenses and abstract crime of danger. By doing so, it aims to comprehensively understand the illicit nature of the crime of food adulteration or counterfeiting offenses, as well as the concept of abstract danger. Establishing the protected legal interest of the crime of food adulteration or counterfeiting offenses solely on "national health" (the life, body, and health of the unspecified majority), this thesis then uses this protected legal interest as a basis to further examine potential amendments to such offenses and reinterpretation of its element of crime, proposing specific directions for future legal reforms. |
URI: | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/91323 |
DOI: | 10.6342/NTU202304479 |
全文授權: | 未授權 |
顯示於系所單位: | 法律學系 |
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