應用布拉格光纖光柵感測器於懸臂梁應變與位移多點量測及風力發電機葉片監測系統開發

Abstract

布拉格光纖光柵(Fiber Bragg Grating, FBG)作為感測器已發展數十年，其傳輸能力優異、靈敏度高、質量輕盈半徑小、不受電磁波影響，且具有良好訊雜比等優點，無論在學界或工業界都相當受人青睞。作為一個多功能的感測器，可以同時量測應變量與溫度變化，並且搭配相關技術可以達到多點的同時量測。光纖光柵感測器具有出色的量測能力與實用性，隨著科技的發展，這個世代對於巨量資料的掌握也愈發重要。 本文中除了應用光纖光柵感測器進行應變與溫度的量測外，亦結合共軛梁理論，開發用於量測懸臂梁位移的多點量測系統，同時使用數位影像相關法以及雷射位移計量測位移訊號，以及透過模態展開法與有限元素法進行更精確的驗證。 現今綠色能源發展蓬勃，風力發電機為其中最重要的一員，本文將透過光纖光柵感測器，量測風力發電機葉片的應變分布，並針對螺絲的鬆弛行為，探討用應變量與共振頻率判斷螺絲鬆弛的情況，並結合雲端監測與通報系統，建立風力發電機葉片的即時監測系統。

The Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) has been developed as a sensor for several decades. It has excellent transmission capabilities, high sensitivity, lightweight, small radius, is not affected by electromagnetic waves, and has a good signal-to-noise ratio. It is highly favored in both academia and industry. As a multifunctional sensor, it can simultaneously measure strain and temperature, and with related technologies, it can achieve simultaneous multi-point measurement. The fiber Bragg grating sensor has outstanding measurement capabilities and practicality, with the development of technology, mastering large amounts of data in this generation is becoming increasingly important. In addition to using fiber Bragg grating sensors for strain and temperature measurements in this paper, we also combine conjugate beam theory to develop a multi-point measurement system for measuring cantilever beam displacement. We use digital image correlation and laser displacement sensors to measure displacement signals, and normal mode expansion and finite element methods for more accurate verification. With the vigorous development of green energy today, wind turbines are one of the most important members. This paper will use fiber Bragg grating sensors to measure the strain distribution of wind turbine blades, and explore the relaxation behavior of screws, using strain and resonance frequency to determine the relaxation of screws. Combined with a cloud monitoring and notification system, we establish a real-time monitoring system for wind turbine blades.