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標題: | 台北桶后溪之固床工對水棲昆蟲群聚結構影響 The Impacct of the Consolidation Work of Aquatic Insects in Tonghou Stream, Taipei |
作者: | Shi-Jyh Huang 黃熙智 |
指導教授: | 楊平世(Ping-Shih Yang) |
關鍵字: | 水棲昆蟲,工程,固床工,洪水,大雨,拓殖, aquatic insects,construction,consolidation work,flood,heavy rain,colonization, |
出版年 : | 2009 |
學位: | 碩士 |
摘要: | 為了防洪蓄水,台灣地區之水域做了許多的水利工程設施,這些工程對於水域環境造成嚴重的干擾,甚至永久改變棲地環境。在施工期間干擾所及的範圍內,流失相當數量的泥沙和水生生物;在施工後,則會產生了新的棲地,隨後這些棲地被各種水棲生物再拓殖。在溪流中水棲昆蟲是主要的無脊椎動物,牠們能夠非常快速地拓殖新的棲地,而群聚結構將隨著拓殖的時間而改變。藉由水棲昆蟲群聚的改變,來了解施工前後環境的改變。本研究在桶后溪上設置兩個樣站,樣站 2 就在固床工程上,樣站 2' 則是在工程的上游。施工前在 2006 年 11 月至 2007 年 7 月,施工後自 2007 年 10 月至 2008 年 3 月,在急瀨型棲地上使用蘇伯式水網在兩個樣站作隨機取樣,並且同時紀錄酸鹼度、電導度、溶氧、水溫等理化資料,唯理化資料調查延續至 2008 年 8 月。結果顯示在於拓殖初期搖蚊科 (Chironomidae) 和四節蜉蝣科 (Baetidae) 即為優勢科群,而蚋科 (Simuliidae) 也為優勢科群;唯在演替初期拓殖速度較前者兩科稍慢,且在拓殖過程中數量起伏不定。而於工程後,多樣參數均有顯著性的改變,分類群數和 Hilsenhoff 生物指標至調查結束,也就是施工之後第 5 個月仍未恢復至施工前水準;功能取食群的比例亦有接近顯著的變化。除了工程干擾的影響外,本研究也有發現大雨對於水棲昆蟲造成影響,此即水棲昆蟲群聚數量於大雨後有顯著性的下降。 For the purposes of flood control and water retraining, there are a lot of hydro engineering projects in the streams in Taiwan. These engineering constructions usually cause disturbance on the riverbed. Some of them might cause permanent change in stream habitats. A considerable amount of sediment as well as aquatic organisms are lost from the disturbed reaches during the construction. New patches are created after construction and subsequently recolonised by various aquatic organisms. Aquatic insects are one of the major invertebrate groups in streams. They could colonize on a new patch very fast. Community composition in a new patch would change along the colonization time. Therefore, it is possible to use the changes in community composition of aquatic insects to monitor the change of environment between before and after the construction. Two sites were set up in the Tonghou Stream in the study; Site 2 on the consolidation work, and Site 2' in about 180 meters upstream of the construction site. Aquatic insects were randomly sampled in riffle habitats by Suber net sampler from November 2006 to July 2007 and from October 2007 to March 2008. The environmental variables were also recorded in the same time. Chironomidae and Baetidae were the major colonists at the beginning of the colonization period at Site 2. Simuliidae were also the major colonists, but the colonized speed was slower than the other two. The proportion of Simuliidae fluctuated during the colonization period. Many parameters have changed significantly after the construction. The number of taxa and Hilsenhoff Biotic Index didn’t recover to the level before the construction until the last investigation that was five months after the construction. The ratio of functional feeding group have marginally significantly difference. It was found that in addition to the effect of project, the heavy rain also caused decreases in density of aquatic insects. |
URI: | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/8953 |
全文授權: | 同意授權(全球公開) |
顯示於系所單位: | 昆蟲學系 |
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