限縮民眾檢舉交通違規影響研究：以臺北市大安區為例

Abstract

最初引進民眾檢舉的目的是希望透過「警力有限，民力無窮」的想法，藉由民眾共同參與監督，來改善台灣的用路環境的效果。但後續因科技發達，民眾檢舉的暴增遠超立法者的預期，促使立法院再次修訂了道路交通管理處罰條例第7-1條，自111年4月30日起將民眾可檢舉違規項目限縮至46項，本次修法的目的略以：「防堵惡意報復性檢舉」、「輕微交通違規不影響交通」、「減輕警察人員負擔」。 而本文以大安區作為研究對象，並以三個數據探討修法後的變化，包括：交通事故變化、110報案數量變化、民眾檢舉量變化，加上訪談實際執勤的員警，發現修法後民眾檢舉專區中「檢舉數量」及「舉發成功率」先降後升，尤其限縮的「違規停車」項目在初期確實如預期大量減少，然而僅初期檢舉數量下降，後續仍呈現上升趨勢，檢舉數到年底時已回到修法前的水準；另修法後110報案中「違規停車」件數及比例增加；而交通事故部分則未因此增加。此外，修法目標僅部分達成，惡意性檢舉確實減少，但本文認為尖峰時段的違規停車仍會影響交通，且修法後造成警察工作負擔增加。 針對上述結果，本文提出二項建議：應增加審核人員裁量空間並給予輕微違規者勸導，如此可降低輕微交通違規遭舉發，亦可避免其再次違規；另外對於民眾檢舉方面，應將尖峰時段的違規停車納入民眾檢舉，以此來彌補警力的不足，並維持尖峰時段的通行順暢。

The initial introduction of public reporting was aimed at improving Taiwan's road environment through the concept of "limited police resources, infinite citizen power" by encouraging public participation in monitoring. However, with the advancement of technology, the surge in public reporting far exceeded the legislators' expectations, prompting the Legislative Yuan to revise Article 7-1 of the Road Traffic Management and Penalty Act. Starting from April 30, 2022, the number of violations that citizens can report was reduced to 46 items. The purpose of this amendment was to "prevent malicious retaliatory reporting," "deal with minor traffic violations that do not affect traffic," and "reduce the burden on police personnel." This study focuses on the Da'an District and examines the changes after the amendment using three sets of data: changes in traffic accidents, the number of 110 emergency reports, and the volume of public reporting. Interviews with police officers on duty were also conducted. The findings revealed that after the amendment, the "number of public reports" and "success rate of reports" initially decreased, but then increased later. Particularly, the restricted category of "illegal parking" did decrease significantly as expected in the early stage but later showed an upward trend, returning to pre-amendment levels by the end of the year. Additionally, the number and proportion of "illegal parking" cases in the 110 emergency reports increased after the amendment, while there was no significant increase in traffic accidents. Furthermore, it was found that the amendment partially achieved its objectives, as malicious reports did decrease, but the study suggests that illegal parking during peak hours still affects traffic, and the amendment resulted in an increased burden on police work. Based on the above results, the study proposes two recommendations: First, increasing the discretion of reviewing officers and providing guidance to minor violators can reduce the reporting of minor traffic violations and prevent repeat offenses. Second, in terms of public reporting, illegal parking during peak hours should be included to compensate for the lack of police resources and maintain smooth traffic flow during busy periods.