植物品種及種苗法施行成效與未來發展－以侵權判斷為中心

Abstract

植物品種及種苗法施行以來已發生諸多侵權爭議案件，但這些侵權爭議案件並未進入訴訟，可能原因為舉證困難、訴訟耗時，以致權利人多不願意興訟。本研究試圖從判決案例分析各訴訟案件之相關議題並討論，希望能讓權利人於發現權利疑似被侵害時，能掌握勝訴關鍵，進而預防侵權事件發生。 植物為活體，具有相當程度之變異性，使訴訟時是否構成侵權之判斷難度增加。本研究以植物品種及種苗法賦予植物品種權權利人之權能為核心，從植物的生物特性及法規的觀點，綜合分析案例中權利侵害判斷之原則與困難之處，提出現行制度下之維權建議措施。

Since the implementation of the Plant Variety Law, numerous infringement disputes have arisen. However, these disputes have often not reached litigation, possibly due to difficulties in providing evidence and the time-consuming nature of legal proceedings, leading many rights holders to be reluctant to initiate lawsuits. This study aims to analyze relevant issues and discuss various litigation cases through the analysis of judicial judgments. The goal is to enable rights holders to grasp the key factors for a successful outcome and prevent infringement incidents when they suspect their rights may have been violated. Plants, being living organisms, exhibit a significant degree of variability, thereby increasing the difficulty in determining whether an infringement has occurred during litigation. This research focuses on the rights granted to plant breeders under the Plant Variety Law, considering the biological characteristics of plants and legal perspectives. From the perspective of plant biology and legal regulations, this study comprehensively analyzes the challenges in determining rights infringement through case studies and proposes recommendations within the current framework.