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標題: | 台灣華語和台灣閩南語中協同變調之感知與產出 Perception and Production of Coarticulated Tones in Taiwan Mandarin and Taiwan Southern Min |
作者: | 黃柏瑄 Po-Hsuan Huang |
指導教授: | 邱振豪 Chenhao Chiu |
關鍵字: | 台灣華語,台灣閩南語,協同變調,聲調感知,正規化, Taiwan Mandarin,Taiwan Southern Min,tonal coarticulation,tone perception,normalization, |
出版年 : | 2023 |
學位: | 碩士 |
摘要: | 本文探討協同變調在台灣華語和台灣閩南語中的產出與感知。雖然協同變調在華語和閩南語中已被證實存在,目前沒有先前研究系統性比較過協同變調在兩個語言中的差異。其中,由於聲調系統大小的差異,協同變調的產出與感知在兩個語言中可能不同。本文研究結果發現,和過往北京華語的研究不同,台灣華語的協同變調較為對稱;在兩個語言中,隨前變調和隨後變調皆為同化作用,且兩者在兩個語言中的強度相似。其中,在台灣華語和台灣閩南語中,隨前變調的強度皆較隨後變調大。基於感知實驗的結果,我們提出兩個可能可以用於處理感知歧異的機制。其一是藉由維持較狹窄的聲調接受程度以排除協同變調過後的聲調,如同我們在台灣閩南語所見;其二是將協同變調後的聲調接受為另外的聲調,再藉由正常化的方式得到目標聲調,如同我們在台灣華語所見。目前的結果指出協同變調可能是跨語言共性,但是受到語言特有的特性影響。此外,本文支持正規化乃是語言獨有的觀點。本文同時也為協同變調的正規化中感知與產出的互動以及跨語言共性和語言獨特性提供見解。 This study investigates the production and perception of coarticulated tones in Taiwan Mandarin and Taiwan Southern Min. While coarticulatory effects have been found in both Mandarin and Southern Min, no prior study has systematically compared such effects in the two languages. Crucially, due to their different sizes of tone inventories, it is possible production and/or perception of coarticulated tones would be different in the two languages. Our results show that, different from previous findings in Beijing Mandarin, Taiwan Mandarin has a more symmetric distribution of tonal coarticulation. The directionalities of both the carry-over and anticipatory effects are assimilatory for both languages, with comparable magnitudes of the effects. In particular, the carry-over effects were found to be stronger than the anticipatory effects for both Taiwan Mandarin and Taiwan Southern Min. Based on the perceptual results, two mechanisms to deal with the possible perceptual ambiguity induced by coarticulated tones are proposed. One is to maintain narrower tone acceptance ranges, and to filter out coarticulated tones at the phonemic level, as manifested in Taiwan Southern Min; the other, observed in Taiwan Mandarin, is to accept coarticulated tones as lexical tones other than the intended target, and to retrieve the target tone through normaliztion afterwards. The current results suggest that tonal coarticulation appears to be a universal constraint, though subject to linguistic specificities. In addition, this study supports the idea that normalization is a speech-specific phenomenon special to language. This study also sheds light on the interaction of production and perception with regards to normalization in response to tonal coarticulation, as well as the issue of language universals and specificities. |
URI: | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/88200 |
DOI: | 10.6342/NTU202301810 |
全文授權: | 同意授權(全球公開) |
顯示於系所單位: | 語言學研究所 |
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