由青年委員觀點分析地方青年諮詢組織之運作— 臺北市與臺中市之比較

Abstract

青年諮詢組織在近年來已成為青年公民參與的重要管道，除了可針對市府施政提出建言，也具有公民教育的意義。然而，筆者發現各縣市政府青年諮詢組織會議記錄的完整性與公開程度不一，因此希望能夠深入探討不同青年諮詢組織的運作，故以「臺北市青年事務委員會」及「臺中市青年事務諮詢委員會」為研究個案，透過青年委員的觀點，瞭解組織內部的靜動態關係，並探討不同的制度設計是否帶來不同的參與結果。 本研究透過深度訪談法進行，訪談對象包含曾經參與過臺北市與臺中市青年諮詢組織的青年參與者，整理其參與經驗，比較上述兩組織之運作情形；並將青年委員的「參與動機」以及Fung（2006）民主立方體的「參與者選擇」、「溝通與決策」、「權威與權力」作為本文的分析架構，同時梳理過往文獻所提及影響青年諮詢組織運作的因素作為主要的觀察內容，試圖從更多元的面向分析兩組織運作之異同。 研究發現遴選制度的不同導致兩組織成員組成有所差異，進而影響到後續的組織運作，而青年委員在組織中的角色定位也會影響其與公部門人員之間的互動；至於在政策影響力方面，創新、有解方的提案較容易產生實質影響力。另外，本文發現青年諮詢組織小組組長或召集人的領導風格與態度對於組織是否得以穩定運作，也具有重要的影響力。 最後，針對地方政府在規劃、制定與執行相關政策提出四點建議︰根據青年委員的需求與歷練，提供適當的培力資訊、官網設立專區鼓勵青年委員或公民討論提案、首長及主管機關應重視青年諮詢組織的功能、臺中市人數應適度精簡，並擴大青年委員參與權限。

In recent years, youth advisory organizations have become important channels for youth civic engagement, allowing them to provide input on government policies and serving as platforms for citizen education. However, the author has observed variations in the completeness and transparency of meeting records among different municipal youth advisory organizations. Therefore, this study aims to delve into the operations of different youth advisory organizations by focusing on the Taipei City Youth Affairs Commission and the Taichung City Youth Affairs Consultative Committee. By examining the perspectives of youth committee members, the study seeks to understand the internal dynamics of these organizations and explore whether different institutional designs lead to varying participation outcomes. This research employs an in-depth interview methodology, with interviewees consisting of young participants who have previously been involved in the youth advisory organizations of Taipei City and Taichung City. Their participation experiences are documented and compared to assess the operational conditions of the two organizations. The analysis framework of this study includes the "motivation for participation" of youth members, as well as Fung's (2006) " Participant Selection," " Communication and Decision," and " Authority and Power" dimensions of the democracy cube. Additionally, the study reviews previous literature to identify factors influencing the operation of youth advisory organizations, aiming to provide a multifaceted analysis of the similarities and differences between the two organizations' operations. The research findings reveal that variations in the selection processes result in differences in the composition of organization members, which subsequently affects the overall operation of the organizations. The role positioning of youth committee members within the organization also influences their interactions with public officials. In terms of policy influence, innovative and solution-oriented proposals tend to have a more substantial impact. Moreover, the leadership style and attitudes of group leaders or conveners in the youth advisory organizations are found to play a significant role in ensuring stable operation. Finally, four recommendations are proposed for local governments in planning, formulating, and implementing relevant policies: providing appropriate capacity-building information based on the needs and experiences of youth committee members, establishing dedicated sections on official websites to encourage discussions and proposal submissions by youth committee members or citizens, emphasizing the functions of youth advisory organizations by the mayors and governing authorities, and streamlining the number of committee members in Taichung City while expanding the participation rights of youth committee members.