不同LED光譜對日本鰻和鱸鰻初期生長和免疫的影響

Abstract

全球漁業資源面臨枯竭，水產養殖將成為未來趨勢之一，而室內集約化循環水養殖系統，使光照成為可控的因子之一，並可以利用特定光譜的光促進水產養殖品種的生長和免疫力。本研究使用五種不同的 LED 波長（白光、紅光 [622 nm]、綠光 [517 nm]、藍光 [467 nm] 和無光）來評估兩種高經濟價值的鰻魚: 日本鰻（Anguilla japonica）和鱸鰻（Anguilla marmorata）之幼鰻的生長和免疫力。飼養12週後，日本鰻在各組中的幼鰻生長無明顯差異（P > 0.05）；各組存活率均在95%以上。鱸鰻在紅光組和無光組在體長和體重方面表現出更好的生長（P < 0.05）。日本鰻和鱸鰻在各光譜的組別中，免疫相關基因（SOD、LZM、POD、IL-6）表達量並無顯著差異（P > 0.05）。不同的 LED 光譜，似乎對日本鰻幼鰻的生長並無顯著影響，而鱸鰻在紅光和黑暗環境中生長得更好；而在特定的 LED 光譜下，兩種鰻魚的先天免疫沒有表現出顯著的差異。因此，結論建議在養殖鱸鰻之幼鰻時，應避免使用藍光，對日本鰻之幼鰻則無特殊要求。

The global fisheries resources are continuing to deplete, thus aquaculture will become the future trend, and the indoor intensive recirculation aquaculture system (RAS) makes light control possible. The specific spectrum lights may be able to promote the growth and immunity of aquaculture species. This study uses five different LED wavelengths (white light, red light [622 nm], green light [517 nm], blue light [467 nm], and dark) to evaluate the growth and immunity of two high-valued anguillid species larva, Japanese eel (Anguilla japonica) and giant mottled eel (Anguilla marmorata). After 12 weeks of rearing, there was no substantial difference in the growth of each group of A. japonica (P>0.05); the survival rate of each group was above 95%. A. marmorata of the red light group and the dark group showed better growth performance in terms of total length and body weight (P <0.05). There was no significant difference in the expression levels of immune-related genes（SOD、LZM、POD、IL-6）between A. japonica and A. marmorata under different spectrum groups (P> 0.05). The growth of A. japonica larva seems to be insignificantly sensitive to different LED spectrums, while A. marmorata grows better in red light and dark environments. The innate immunity of two eel species under the unique LED spectrums did not show notable changes. Therefore, the conclusion suggests that the blue light should be avoided when rearing A. marmorata larva, and A. japonica larva has no adverse effects.