以源整合時間調變平面陣列天線實現多波束同時指向

Abstract

源整合方法在本論文中被提出來應用於時間調變平面陣列天線，以實現多波束的同時指向。每一組輸入到天線單元的電流振幅都是由粒子群優化演算法所尋找得到，並且使得特定諧波頻率的波束可以指向選定的方向。我們透過數值模擬展示了一個使用毫米波波段的源整合時間調變均勻六邊形天線陣列(SC-TM-UHA)同時將六個波束指向不同方向的能力，而這六個波束分別使用六個不同的諧波頻率。數值模擬的結果表示本篇論文所提出的SC-TM-UHA比起使用傳統SOTS方式設計的時間調變天線在輻射多波束的情形之下，擁有更高的功率使用效益、更低的受感度、以及更低的致干擾度。本篇論文也提出了一個旋翼無人機盤旋緊急救助行動系統(HERO)，由一個中心無人機以及六個偵查無人機所構成。源整合方法被應用在HERO以建立中心無人機以及偵查無人機之間直接的無線連結。HERO主要的任務從不同高度以及角度拍攝一棟失火大樓的情況，並將這些情況以即時影像的方式傳送出去。

A source-combined (SC) method is proposed on a time-modulated planar array (TMPA) to steer multiple beams simultaneously. A particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm is developed to optimize the amplitude of driving current at specific harmonic frequency on array elements to steer a beam towards a designate direction. A source-combined time-modulated uniform hexagonal array (SC-TM-UHA) in millimeter-wave (mm-wave) band is simulated to demonstrate its ability to steer six independent beams at six different harmonics. The simulation results verify that the proposed SC-TM-UHA has higher flexibility, higher power utility, lower susceptibility and lower interference in multiple beam-steering than counterpart arrays designed with conventional sub-sectional optimized time steps (SOTS) method. The SC method is applied to a proposed rotary-wing UAV hovering emergency rescue operation (HERO) system formed by one hub UAV and six monitor UAVs to establish line-of-sight (LoS) wireless links between hub UAV and monitor UAVs. The primary task of the HERO system is to transmit real-time video streaming of an in-situ fire incidence of high building from different angles and heights.