晶片製造的政治：台灣在半導體製造中的角色及其對全球政治經濟的影響

Abstract

中文摘要

半導體是現代經濟的重要組成部分。由於近期全球芯片短缺，以及台海緊張局勢升溫，全球半導體供應鏈的穩定性已成為國際政商廣泛討論的話題。由於台灣仍然是全球供應鏈不可或缺的一部分，鑑於中國與美國在台海的利益衝突，問題仍然是它如何影響美中技術競賽。本文提出了一篇論文，將通過描述台灣的發展模式以及衡量國際電子對台灣的依賴程度來探討台灣在全球半導體供應中的作用，特別強調美國和中國。這項研究旨在促進對美中緊張局勢及其技術競爭的討論，以及國際上越來越多的努力使半導體製造本土化，從而結束對台灣的依賴。在這篇文章中，我將論證，由於將半導體供應鏈的穩定性視為國家安全問題，現在旨在確保其半導體供應的幾個國家和地區正在助長逆轉半導體生產的全球化進程的趨勢。

關鍵字：半導體、兩岸關係、美中關係、發展型國家、複合式相互依賴

ABSTRACT

Semiconductors are a crucial element of the modern economy. Due to the recent global microchip shortage, as well as the rising tensions on the Taiwan Strait, the stability of the global semiconductor supply chain has been widely discussed in international politics and business. Since Taiwan remains an indispensable part of the global supply chain, the question remains how it influences the US-China technological race, given the conflicting interests of the two big powers on the Taiwan Strait. This essay proposes a thesis that will explore Taiwan’s role in the global semiconductor supply through describing its development model, as well as measuring the degree of international electronic dependence on the island, with a special emphasis on the United States and China. This research aims to contribute to the discussion on the US-China tensions and their technological rivalry, as well as the increasing international effort to domesticate the semiconductor manufacturing, thus ending the dependency on Taiwan. In this essay, I will argue that due to having framed the stability of semiconductor supply chain as a question of national security, several states and regions now aiming to secure their semiconductor supply are contributing to the increasing tendency to reverse the process of globalization of the semiconductor production.

Keyword: semiconductors, cross Strait relations, US - China relations, East Asian developmental state, complex interdependence.