廢棄手機PCB黃金提取之生命週期評估: 針對台灣現況之個案研究

Abstract

電子廢物或電子垃圾是我們這個時代所要應對的最大挑戰之一。電子產品的不斷增加，不僅給我們的生活帶來了巨大的改善，而且還帶來了一個問題，那就是電子廢物的處理以及其管理和潛在的材料回收。這項研究的重點是對台灣廢舊手機中黃金提取和回收的兩種方案進行案例研究。這兩個方案都是為了接近目前台灣兩個主要公司的黃金提取和材料回收的現實情況，目前正在執行這些程序。通過進行生命週期評估，本研究能夠比較每個過程的具體材料成分以及每個方案的整體週期評估和影響。每個方案的結果顯示，某些方法，如電化學回收過程，在回收和減少環境影響方面有潛在的改善。 因此，本研究得出結論，並建議台灣的環境決策者促進和改善從電子廢物中提取黃金的傳統方法的使用，並轉向更有效的方法，如電化學回收過程。

Electronic Waste or e-waste is one of the biggest challenges we are meant to cope with in our times. The escalating increase of electronic products has not only brought big and notable improvement to our life but has always risen the question and stakes of not only the disposal of electronic waste but its management and potential material recovery. This research has focused on the case study of two scenarios for gold extraction and recovery from waste cellphones in Taiwan. Both of these scenarios have the intention of approaching to the reality of the current gold extraction and material recycling of two of the leading companies currently performing these procedures in Taiwan. By performing a Life Cycle Assessment of LCA, this study was able to compare the specific material components of each process and the overall cycle assessment and impact from each scenario. The results of each scenario showed that certain methodologies such as electrochemical recovery process show a potential improvement in terms of recovery and decrease on environmental impact. Therefore, this study has concluded and recommends Taiwanese environmental decision makers to foment and improve the usage of less traditional gold extraction methodologies from e-waste and transit into more efficient methods such as electrochemical recovery processes.