以路徑組合為基礎之車站容量模式研發

Abstract

鐵路路線上常見的車站有中間站及端末折返站，由於車站內存在列車之間的路徑衝突情形，因此車站常是鐵路系統容量的瓶頸點。然而，過往的容量相關研究往往忽略了列車之間路徑組合之影響。本研究以上述兩種站為分析的空間參考點，提出以時隔為基礎、並考量列車於站內的路徑來評估車站容量的解析與模擬模式。前者係考量所有可能的路徑組合，依據期望值概念，按照比例計算平均時隔進而評估容量；後者則是依照運轉條件的相關設定來產生模擬列車，再按照模擬出來的結果來計算平均時隔進而評估容量。在案例分析當中，本研究以高鐵的實際路網驗證所提出之模式，並應用本研究於高鐵的系統容量評估。結果顯示解析與模擬模式均可合理的評估鐵路車站之容量，可供相關人員於未來規劃、設計、甚至營運階段來進行容量評估。

Intermediate stations and terminal (turn-back) stations are common types of stations, and they are often the capacity bottlenecks in the railway network due to conflicting routes among trains. However, existing capacity studies often neglect the details in all possible route combinations among trains in the network. In this research, the intermediate station and the terminal (turn-back) station are set as the spatial reference points, and the headway-based analytical and simulation models considering the route of trains at the station are proposed to evaluate station capacity. The analytical model considers all possible route combinations, and calculates the average headway according to the concept of expected value; the simulation model generates trains based on the settings of operating conditions, and then calculates the average headway according to the simulation results. The proposed models are validated by the network of a high-speed rail system, and applied to assess the capacity of the HSR system. The results show that both analytical and simulation models are capable of reasonably evaluating the capacity of railway stations, and the proposed models can be applied to station capacity assessment for planning, design, and operation purposes.