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標題: | 海藻酸鈣/活性碳複合物於底泥中對汞去除和岩蟲生物反應之影響 Mercury Removal and Marphysa sp. Bio-response at Presence of Calcium Alginate/Activated Carbon Composite in Sediment |
作者: | 王映筑 Ying-Chu Wang |
指導教授: | 席行正 Hsing-Cheng Hsi |
關鍵字: | 活性覆蓋,汞,底泥整治,生物反應, active capping,mercury,sediment remediation,bio-response, |
出版年 : | 2022 |
學位: | 碩士 |
摘要: | 環境中有許多重金屬是因為人為還有工業活動的發展排放所造成的,這些污染物被排放之後,最終將沉積於底泥中,隨著pH值、氧化還原條件、水文狀況和底泥中的干擾,可能再次釋放到環境中威脅人類的健康。因此,活性覆蓋法被認為是一種合適的底泥整治方法,因為其成本較低,且在實場上是具有可行性的;活性碳是其中一個常用在活性覆蓋法中的材料,根據過去的研究,活性碳可能會造成當地生物的影響,尤其是底棲生物,除此之外,活性碳顆粒越細,對於生物的影響比顆粒較粗的活性碳還要大。
本研究使用粉狀活性碳與海藻酸鈣/活性碳球進行測試,使用海藻酸將粉狀活性碳膠凝造粒成球體狀,不僅避免粉狀活性碳(PAC)在水中四處逸散的問題,也有助於海藻酸鈣/活性碳球(CaA/P)沉降性。根據材料物化分析顯示,CaA/P表面具有豐富的含氧官能基,可以促進對於重金屬的吸附。接著針對兩種材料進行水相吸附與底泥競爭吸附,水相吸附結果顯示,PAC和CaA/P在72小時的吸附後,對汞有90%的去除率;底泥競爭吸附中,雖然使用的是受多種重金屬污染底泥,但從序列萃取結果得知,多數在底泥中的汞型態為殘餘態,因此較難單純以活性覆蓋法捕捉汞。最後21天的生物試驗使用0、0.5、3和10% PAC與CaA/P,以生存率、重量改變還有脂質含量作為Marphysa sp.生物測試終點。從生物試驗結果表示,生物存活率隨著CaA/P覆蓋百分比增加而下降;當PAC劑量增加,存活率也隨之增加。由於CaA/P表面上豐富的羧基在微鹼性的海水中會釋放出質子,造成培養生物管柱內上層水pH值低於7.5,導致蟲體死亡,從結果表示CaA/P不適合做為本研究的活性覆蓋材;此外,極端PAC覆蓋條件(10%)下,蟲體有90%的存活率,而且體重變化率幾乎保持不變,這個結果可能意味著PAC較適合作為本實驗的活性覆蓋材。 Anthropogenic activities and advanced industrial activities have emitted large amounts of heavy metals into the environment. These pollutants ultimately deposit in sediments and may be re-released into the environment with the disturbance of pH, redox conditions, hydrological regime, or depositional environment, which threatens the health of humans. Therefore, active capping is considered a suitable remediation method since it is relatively low-cost and feasible in in-situ environments. However, activated carbon, which is a common material applied in active capping, has been reported to have adverse effects on local species, especially for benthic organisms. It has also been noted that smaller particle sizes of activated carbon may cause greater damage than those with granular sizes in previous studies. This study is separated into three parts, including (1) material synthesis and analysis, (2) batch adsorption and sediment competitive adsorption experiments, and (3) a 21-day bioassay experiment. Powder activated carbon (PAC) and calcium alginate-powder activated carbon composite (CaA/P) were compared in this study. Due to the gelation property of sodium alginate, PAC was granulated into CaA/P. Gelation not only prevents the dispersion of PAC, but also aids in the subsidence of CaA/P. XPS results showed that CaA/P has abundant oxygen functional groups from alginate, which promotes the adsorption of heavy metals. In the batch adsorption experiments, both PAC and CaA/P demonstrated over 90% removal of Hg after 72 hours of adsorption. In the sediment competitive adsorption tests, although the sediment had been proven to be polluted by Hg and other heavy metals, Hg was mostly in residual form, and was therefore difficult to capture via CaA/P. Lastly, the 21-day bioassay was conducted by adding 0, 0.5, 3, and 10% of PAC and CaA/P, and the survival, weight change, and lipid content of Marphysa sp. were used as the endpoints. The results of the bioassay showed that survival declined with increased capping percentage in CaA/P, while survival continuously increased with increased capping percentage in PAC. Owing to the release of protons from carboxylic groups on CaA/P, the pH in the water column fell below 7.5, which led to worm death. This indicated that CaA/P was not suitable as a capping material in this study. Furthermore, the bioassay for PAC showed a 90% survival rate and the weight change rate remained relatively steady at around 10% capping. This positive result implies that PAC is appropriate for capping in this study for Marphysa sp.. |
URI: | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/86104 |
DOI: | 10.6342/NTU202203269 |
全文授權: | 同意授權(全球公開) |
電子全文公開日期: | 2027-09-10 |
顯示於系所單位: | 環境工程學研究所 |
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