從全球金融科技指數來看金融科技戰略特區規劃─以Findexable為例

Abstract

人工智慧、區塊鏈、雲端運算與儲存、大數據、5G與物聯網技術加速全球的數位化，新的技術開創了新的服務，顛覆了傳統產業，在各行各樣催生了新的商業模式，金融產業也不例外。全球科技巨頭紛紛進軍金融產業、提供新的金融服務，也威脅了傳統金融業者的生存。 另一方面，金融海嘯後，西方各國反省傳統金融產業的陳痾，科技人士動手用程式架構更透明、去中心化...等的金融交易架構，希望用打造新的金融體系，以推動普惠金融。在兩股力量交織下，金融科技的浪潮在全球蔓延，吸引了全球資本的關注，也成為國家發展的方向與競爭力的指標，因此全球不僅開始出現經金融科技中心的指標跟評比，並不斷的演進。 而金融科技的發展挑戰了傳統產業，也挑戰了過往的監管模式，許多國家為了提升金融產業的競爭力，紛紛由金融監理機關採用監管沙盒的方式，上而下的為金融科技發展開出空間，像是英國、澳洲、新加坡... 等，我國也不例外，成為全球第一個具有金融科技監理沙盒的成文法國家，而日本東京都更以戰略特區的推動來加速金融科技的發展。 特區規劃在台灣並不陌生，沙盒條例台灣也有兩個，因此本研究企以全球金融科技中心評比指標Findexable為例，來探索全球金融科技中心的指標與發展，瞭解其競爭力評比的要素與方向，並分析國外經驗以茲參考。因此，規劃金融科技戰略特區除了要具有創新實驗沙盒的精神，還要打造產業創新所需要的公平競爭環境、良好的治理與運作架構，以及發展金融科技的生態圈。

Artificial intelligence, blockchain, cloud computing and storage, big data, 5G, and IoT technologies accelerate global digitization. New technologies create new services, subvert traditional industries, and spawn new business models in all dimensions, the financial industry is no exception. Global technology giants have entered the financial industry and provided new financial services, threatening the survival of traditional financial players. On the other hand, after the financial tsunami, technologists started to build a more transparent and decentralized financial structure by coding, hoping to create a new financial system to promote universal beneficial finance. Under the intertwining of two forces, the wave of fintech has spread around the world, attracting the attention of global capital, and becoming an indicator of national development and competitiveness. Therefore, indicators and evaluations of fintech centers have not only begun to appear in the world, but also continue to evolve. The development of fintech has challenged the traditional financial industry and the previous regulatory model. In order to improve the competitiveness of the financial industry, many countries have adopted the method of regulatory sandbox by the financial supervision agencies, and enhanced the development of fintech from top to bottom, such as the United Kingdom, Australia, Singapore, etc. Taiwan is no exception, becoming the world's first statutory law country with a fintech supervisory sandbox, and Tokyo, Japan is accelerating the development of fintech with the promotion of National Strategic Special Zones . ​​Special zone planning is not unfamiliar to Taiwan, and Taiwan also has two regulatory sandboxes. Therefore, this research takes the global fintech center evaluation index, Findexable, as an example to explore the indicators and development of global fintech centers, and to understand the factors of its competitiveness evaluation direction. Moreover, by exploring foreign experiences such as Lithuania and Japan as the references, planning the fintech special zone requires not only the spirit of sandbox for industrial innovation, but also a fair environment of competitiveness, the sound structure of operation, and the ecosystem for fintech development.