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http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/85780完整後設資料紀錄
| DC 欄位 | 值 | 語言 |
|---|---|---|
| dc.contributor.advisor | 張皓巽 | zh_TW |
| dc.contributor.advisor | Hao-Xun Chang | en |
| dc.contributor.author | 林鈺晟 | zh_TW |
| dc.contributor.author | Yu-Cheng Lin | en |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2023-03-19T23:24:10Z | - |
| dc.date.available | 2023-12-26 | - |
| dc.date.copyright | 2022-07-06 | - |
| dc.date.issued | 2022 | - |
| dc.date.submitted | 2002-01-01 | - |
| dc.identifier.citation | Anderson, N. A. 1982. The genetics and pathology of Rhizoctonia solani. Ann. Rev. Phytopathol. 20(1):329–347.
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| dc.identifier.uri | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/85780 | - |
| dc.description.abstract | 立枯絲核菌 (Rhizoctonia solani) 是造成大豆 (Glycine max) 苗期病害的病原 菌之一，其de (sclerotia) 能於田間殘存並在大豆苗期造成重大的損失。立枯絲核 菌具有 14 種菌絲融合群 (anastomosis group; AG)，且至少有七種可以感染大豆。 大豆為臺灣重要的經濟作物，其中作為蔬食用的毛豆，外銷產值連年超過 20 億新 臺幣，故研究毛豆病害為產業永續發展的重要課題。本研究於 2020 年自臺灣高屏 四個田區分離感染大豆根部的立枯絲核菌，並透過型態與分子鑑定發現共有 AG- 1、AG-7 和 AG-F 三種 AG 族群。針對最常見的 AG-7 進行臺灣 16 個大豆品種之 抗病性篩選，結果發現黑豆品種如恆春黑豆，通常對於 AG-7 有較佳的耐病性。由 於本次分離的 AG-7 菌株具有菌核形成能力之差異，故應用全基因體關聯性分析 (genome-wide association study, GWAS) 研究其遺傳組成。首先以影像分析方法進 行菌核數量與菌核大小的定量，再針對各菌株以測序基因分型 (genotyping-by- sequencing) 比較藉由 Oxford Nanopore 定序及組裝的 AG-7 基因體，以獲得 154 隻 AG-7 菌株之單一核f酸多態性 (single nucleotide polymorphism; SNPs)。實驗結果 發現 154 隻菌株並無依地域性所產生的族群結構，但有八個與菌核形成能力顯著 關聯的 SNPs。針對與菌核數量與大小顯著關聯的 SNPs，其連鎖不平衡區間內皆有 發現抗氧化相關基因;另外，與菌核數量較為相關的基因則有 DNA 處理、轉譯與 信息傳導等;而與菌核大小較為相關的則為代謝與細胞壁重組等基因。後續研究需 進行候選基因的功能性分析，方能確認這些基因如何影響族群內菌核形成數量與 大小之差異。本研究成果增進了對臺灣大豆立枯絲核菌的田間族群結構與臺灣大 豆品種抗病程度的理解，更首次完成立枯絲核菌 AG-7 基因體，並應用 GWAS 對菌核形成能力進行遺傳分析。未來研究將持續以大豆抗病品種與降低病原菌田間 殘存的菌核為目標，達到病害防治的永續發展。 | zh_TW |
| dc.description.abstract | Rhizoctonia solani causes soybean (Glycine max) seedling diseases and it disseminates in fields by its survival structures, sclerotia. There are at least 14 anastomosis groups (AGs) for R. solani, and seven of them can infect soybean. With soybean production having achieved annual revenue over 2 billion NTD, the potential risk of this disease should be more recognized. This study aimed to characterize the Rhizoctonia population in soybean fields of Taiwan, assess the Rhizoctonia resistance in 16 soybean varieties of Taiwan, as well as study the genetic makeup of sclerotia-forming capability in R. solani. Rhizoctonia isolates were collected from four soybean fields in southern Taiwan and three AGs including AG-1, AG-7, and AG-F were identified. The predominant AG-7 was used to screen for Rhizoctonia resistance, and showed black soybeans, such as ‘Hengchun-black-soybean’, being more resistant to seed-rot and root- rot. To study sclerotia-forming capability, an image-based assay was established for phenotypic quantification and variations of sclerotia numbers and sizes produced by 154 AG-7 isolates were observed. In addition, genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) was applied to obtain the single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the 154 isolates. The Illumina paired-end reads of each isolate were mapped to the reference-guided genome assembly of AG-7, which was sequenced and assembled using the Oxford Nanopore platform. Subsequently, 12,938 SNPs were obtained for genome-wide association study (GWAS). While the results showed no geographic population structure among the 154 isolates, three and five significant SNPs were associated with the sclerotia number and size, respectively. Genes within the regions in linkage-disequilibrium (LD) with the significant SNPs were annotated. As a result, genes related to DNA-binding, translation and signal transduction were more frequently observed for sclerotia number, whereas the majority of genes associated with sclerotia size were related to metabolic pathways, cell differentiation and cell wall modification. Despite the difference, oxidative stress-related genes were observed in both of the sclerotia number- and size-associated loci. This study not only reveals the geographic population structure of R. solani and the Rhizoctonia resistance in the soybean varieties of Taiwan, but also illuminates the heritability and candidate genes associated with sclerotia-forming capability of R. solani. Future studies will continue to improve soybean disease resistance and decrease sclerotia residues in fields to sustain soybean production in Taiwan. | en |
| dc.description.provenance | Made available in DSpace on 2023-03-19T23:24:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 U0001-1404202214544000.pdf: 30057154 bytes, checksum: 0fceee809cccd8582cc2a7cc17e65a7b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2022 | en |
| dc.description.tableofcontents | 致謝 i
摘要 ii Abstract iv Table of Contents vi Table indexes viii Figure indexes ix Chapter 1. Introduction 1 1.1 The biology of Rhizoctonia solani 1 1.2 The principles of Rhizoctonia anastomosis group (AG) identification 1 1.3 The pathogenesis of R. solani 3 1.4 The plant resistance mechanisms against R. solani 4 1.5 The mechanisms of sclerotia formation in R. solani 6 1.6 Genetic mapping for genes associated with the sclerotia-forming capability 9 1.7 Research objectives 10 Chapter 2. Materials and methods 11 2.1 Maintenance of plant and fungal materials 11 2.2 Phylogenetic analysis for Rhizoctonia solani anastomosis groups (AGs) 11 2.3 Establishment of the plate assay for screening the seed-rot resistance 12 2.4 Establishment of the pot assay for screening the root-rot resistance 14 2.5 Image analysis for quantifying the sclerotia-forming capability 15 2.6 Whole-genome sequencing of the R. solani AG-7 isolate No.123 16 2.7 Genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) library construction 17 2.8 SNP calling pipeline 19 2.9 Genome-wide association study (GWAS) 19 Chapter 3. Results 21 3.1 Field survey of Rhizoctonia solani AGs in the soybean fields of Taiwan. 21 3.2 Seed-rot resistance for R. solani AG-7 in the soybean varieties of Taiwan 23 3.3 Root-rot resistance for R. solani AG-7 in soybean varieties of Taiwan 25 3.4 Quantification of the sclerotia-forming capability of R. solani AG-7 26 3.5 Genome assembly of the R. solani AG-7 isolate No.123 27 3.6 Genotyping the R. solani AG-7 field population 28 3.7 GWAS for the sclerotia number and sclerotia size 28 Chapter 4. Discussion 31 4.1 Rhizoctonia solani AG-7 causes soybean seedling diseases in Taiwan 31 4.2 Rhizoctonia resistance in the soybean varieties of Taiwan 32 4.3 GWAS for the sclerotia-forming capability in R. solani AG-7 33 4.4 Genetic components affecting the variation in the sclerotia numbers and size 34 4.5 Conclusions 37 References 39 Figures 60 Tables 85 Supplementary data 113 | - |
| dc.language.iso | zh_TW | - |
| dc.title | 臺灣大豆立枯絲核菌病害與菌核形成之研究 | zh_TW |
| dc.title | The Disease and Sclerotia-forming Capability of Soybean Pathogen Rhizoctonia solani in Taiwan | en |
| dc.type | Thesis | - |
| dc.date.schoolyear | 110-2 | - |
| dc.description.degree | 碩士 | - |
| dc.contributor.oralexamcommittee | 林彥蓉;曾敏南;鍾嘉綾 | zh_TW |
| dc.contributor.oralexamcommittee | Yann-Rong Lin;Min-Nan Tseng;Chia-Lin Chung | en |
| dc.subject.keyword | 立枯絲核菌,全基因體關聯性分析,抗病篩選,菌核,菌絲融合群,測序基因分型, | zh_TW |
| dc.subject.keyword | Rhizoctonia solani,Genome-wide association study,Resistance screening,Sclerotia,Anastomosis groups,Genotyping-by-sequencing, | en |
| dc.relation.page | 119 | - |
| dc.identifier.doi | 10.6342/NTU202200698 | - |
| dc.rights.note | 同意授權(全球公開) | - |
| dc.date.accepted | 2022-04-26 | - |
| dc.contributor.author-college | 生物資源暨農學院 | - |
| dc.contributor.author-dept | 植物病理與微生物學系 | - |
| dc.date.embargo-lift | 2027-04-26 | - |
| 顯示於系所單位： | 植物病理與微生物學系 | |
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