環境微生物對埃及斑蚊（雙翅目：蚊科）幼蟲存活率與成蟲產卵行為之影響

Abstract

埃及斑蚊(Aedes aegypti (L.))等蚊類是茲卡、登革熱等蚊媒傳染病的病媒。在蚊子所產卵的水中有些微生物，這些微生物可以影響蚊子，例如影響蚊子產卵選擇或是可殺幼蟲，但大多數的環境微生物都還沒被測試過。本研究主要針對本實驗室在2017年於南台灣幾處可能適合蚊子產卵的水域採集的微生物，並以埃及斑蚊三齡幼蟲為實驗對象。以那些沒有蚊子存在的採集處之微生物，將高濃度的微生物放進幼蟲生長的水中並以蘇力菌作為正向控制，於24小時後觀察幼蟲的存活率。另外，將高濃度的微生物放進成蟲產卵容器中，觀察微生物是否影響成蟲的產卵行為。結果顯示，本研究測試的微生物皆無法造成幼蟲死亡或是影響成蟲產卵。這些微生物被採集時沒有幼蟲出現，可能是微生物與成蟲仍有未知的關係。原因可能在無法培養的菌或是與微生物無關，未來仍需探討此可能性。

Mosquitoes such as Aedes aegypti (L.) are vectors of lots of severe diseases, like Zika and dengue fever. Microbes in the water where mosquitoes lay eggs can affect mosquitoes, such as by affecting adult oviposition choice or working as a larvicide. The effects of most environmental microbes on mosquitoes have not been tested. My research focuses on microbes collected from potential mosquito oviposition sites in Southern Taiwan in 2017. I used late third instar Ae. aegypti larvae as model insects. For every microbe, focusing on those cultured from mosquito-free containers, I put a high concentration into containers of water with larvae, then checked what happened after 24 hours, using Bacillus thuringiensis as a positive control. I also put the same microbes into containers of water to see if the microbes would affect mosquito oviposition behavior. The microbes I tested could not kill the larvae or attract/repel mosquito from laying eggs. The lack of mosquitoes from the containers where these microbes were collected might be due to some unknown relationship between microbes and adult mosquitoes, such as nonculturable microbes, or due to non-microbial aspects of the containers.