徒弟尋求回饋類別與師徒功能關係之雙路徑模式

Abstract

本研究試圖運用主動行為動態模式為理論基礎，探討徒弟尋求回饋行為與師徒功能之間的雙路徑模式。首先，檢視師父是否將尋求回饋行為區分兩種類別(尋求任務型回饋、尋求人際型回饋)。其次，檢視兩類尋求回饋行為(尋求任務型回饋、尋求人際型回饋)，是否透過不同的中介機制(師父評估徒弟能力、師父評估徒弟親和力)，進而影響兩類師徒功能(職涯功能、社會心理功能)。此外，也將探討師父知覺與徒弟深層相似性的調節式中介效果。本研究以正式師徒關係為對象，以師父－徒弟配對的一對一對偶式問卷調查法，並透過兩個時間點蒐集資料，共獲得274筆對偶式資料。根據觀察變項路徑分析結果顯示研究假設獲得部分支持。具體而言，師父知覺徒弟尋求任務型回饋會提升師父對徒弟能力之評估，進而增加職涯功能；而師父知覺徒弟尋求人際型回饋會提升師父對徒弟親和力之評估，進而增加社會心理功能，且此關係會受到師父知覺深層相似性的調節，使得此歷程僅在師父知覺深層相似性低時有顯著效果，此與研究假設呈現相反的結果。最後，本研究依據研究結果進行討論，並理論貢獻、實務貢獻、研究限制以及未來研究方向給予建議。

Using the proactivity dynamics framework as the theoretical foundation, this study examine a dual path model of protégé feedback seeking and mentoring support. Specifically, I first examined whether mentors distinguish two types of feedback seeking behaviors (task-related feedback and interpersonal feedback). Second, I examined if these two types of feedback seeking behaviors affect two types of mentoring support (career and psychosocial) through different mediating mechanisms. That is, protégés’ task-related feedback seeking will positively affect career support through mentors’ evaluation of protégés’ ability whereas protégés interpersonal feedback seeking affect psychosocial mentoring support through mentors’ evaluation of protégés’ agreeableness. I also explored the moderating effect of mentor’s perceptions of deep-level similarity with protégés. Data were collected at two time points using a survey method and a total of 274 formal mentoring pairs were used for hypothesis testing with the observed variable path analysis. Results shows partial support of the hypothesized model. Specifically, protégés’ task-related feedback seeking increased mentor’s evaluation of protégés ability, which further increased career support protégés received. However, only when mentor’s perception of deep-level similarity with protégés is low, protégé́s' interpersonal feedback seeking will increase psychosocial support received through increased mentor’s evaluation of protégés’ agreeableness. However, this moderated mediation was contrary to the proposed hypothesis. The implication of results, theoretical and practical contributions, research limitations, and future research directions are discussed at the end of the paper.