消防緊急救護資源使用分析

Abstract

到院前緊急救護服務，是民眾遭遇危急傷病的第一道防線，立即的醫療處置 及醫院轉送是維持患者生命的關鍵。每年全國緊急救護案件數量皆高居不下，足見國人對於緊急救護的依賴性。然而國內 119 救護車整體空跑率都在 20% 以上。 救護車更常使用於非危急傷病案件，過多不當使用的案例可能會導致延遲危急患者送醫的時間。如何將救護車資源留給真正需要急救的人，是一個需要迫切正視 的問題。本篇研究目的在探討某縣市民眾使用消防局緊急救護資源的情形。樣本以敘述統計分析民眾使用救護車的因素。迴歸模型納入個人控制變數等，推估對非危急與濫用的可能影響因子。結果顯示年輕人與經常使用救護車患者會增加非危急與濫用緊急救護資源使用，女性可能增加非危急原因使用救護車。臺灣三級緊戒期間，消防局救護車執行防疫案件導致需求增加，資源的調整主要來自減少非危急與濫用個案使用救護車的比例。透過瞭解民眾實際使用救護車原因， 可作為緊急救護資源配置，以及日後公共政策防範救護資源濫用之參考。

2Pre-hospital emergency medical services (EMS) is the first responder when people experience time-sensitive illnesses. It is critical to provide immediate medical treatment and hospital transport to sustain lives. EMS has been in high demand in recent years. However, the non-conveyance ambulance runs have been reached to over 20\% in last decade. Ambulances are more often used in the non-emergent cases. Unnecessary ambulance use may delay transporting the emergent patients to the healthcare facilities. It is imperative to reassign the EMS resources specifically to patients with serious conditions. The research is to provide information on how the fire department EMS resources were utilized. Descriptive Analysis was used to summarize the factors that may cause ambulance misuse. Multiple linear regressions include individual variables to examine the impact on the non-emergent and abuse ambulance use. The results show that younger patients and frequent users increase the ambulance use for non-emergent or abuse situations. Female are more inclined to call for EMS under non-emergent conditions. During the level 3 epidemic alert, ambulances were assigned to transport the COVID-19 positive patients. The resource was provided by reducing the non-emergent and abuse conveyances. Understanding how patients use the ambulances will provide insight into reassigning the EMS resources and making public policy decisions on abuse prevention.