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標題: | 消防員睡眠品質、疲勞及執勤失誤之危險因子評估 The factors for sleep quality, burnout, and on-duty error among firefighters |
其他標題: | The factors for sleep quality, burnout, and on-duty error among firefighters |
作者: | 黃柔瑄 Rou-Shiuan Huang |
指導教授: | 郭育良 Yue-Liang Guo |
關鍵字: | 職場疲勞,睡眠型態,消防人員,不完整休假,執勤失誤,工作過度投入,睡眠品質, burnout,chronotype,firefighters,incomplete off-duty,on-duty error,overcommitment,sleep quality, |
出版年 : | 2023 |
學位: | 博士 |
摘要: | 睡眠在身體修復與記憶鞏固中扮演著必要與重要的角色。有關睡眠的流行病學研究指出,睡眠問題會對心理健康、認知能力、工作相關事故、工作發生失誤和身體健康產生短期和長期的負面影響。
「疲勞」,是一種身心疲憊的狀態,可歸類於個人、工作和服務對象相關的疲勞。過去研究發現,疲勞對工作者會產生不良影響,例如誘發倦怠、降低工作表現、發生職傷以及缺乏從事工作、實現目標及支持同事的慾望等。 綜上所述,睡眠和疲倦問題對安全表現的負面影響有關,包括與工作有關的事故、工作場所的失誤以及增加在專業活動中受傷的可能性。由於職業的危險性,消防被列為高風險職業。當上述因睡眠品質不佳或疲勞所產生的影響進而造成嚴重的傷害或死亡時,將對個人和組織帶來不利影響,例如:個人失能殘疾與提前退休及經濟損失(加班費、高額保費和提前退休付款)等。 消防工作需全天候待命,以隨時在災難和其他緊急情況發生時,可即時提供滅火、緊急醫療和救援的服務。因此,消防員可能面臨睡眠中斷和疲勞的困擾,並導致執勤失誤發生。 本研究主旨包含:(1)探討消防員因執勤或複訓等造成不完整休假情形與睡眠品質之相關性;(2)檢視結合個人對工作過度投入狀況和不完整休假情形之因子與職場疲勞的相關性;(3)調查個人、工作及健康面向中可能預測執勤失誤的相關因子。研究對象為大台北地區連續年資一個月以上之第一線男性消防員,透過網路問卷進行調查。睡眠品質和疲勞程度透過國際公認的量表:中文版之匹茲堡睡眠品質量表(PSQI)和中文版之哥本哈根疲勞量表(職場疲勞量表)進行測量。研究重要發現如下: 在801份有效樣本中,77.2% 的受訪者有睡眠不佳情形 (PSQI分數切點 >6 ),61.2% 的受訪者在問卷調查期間之前一個月曾發生不完整休假情形。睡眠型態為夜晚型的受訪者容易出現睡眠問題。不完整休假時間越長與整體睡眠品質不佳和主觀睡眠品質不良、睡眠潛伏期延長、睡眠障礙及日間功能障礙的風險增加有關。 超過一半的受訪者在個人疲勞、工作疲勞及服務對象疲勞中均顯示為疲勞狀態。大約 52.2% 的受訪者表現出工作過度投入的情形。有32.4% 的受訪者同時具有工作過度投入及不完整休假情形。表現工作過度投入情形的受訪者同時經歷不完整休假時,會增加與疲勞相關性的強度。在個人、工作及服務對象疲勞面向上,增加了 1.9 到 3.1 倍的疲勞風險,而以工作相關的職場疲勞最為明顯。 共有19.1% 的受訪者表示在問卷調查時間之前的一個月內曾發生執勤失誤。消防員執勤失誤與缺乏同事支持、不完整休假時數、睡眠品質不佳及高工作疲勞等因子相關。年資較長對發生執勤失誤具保護作用。值得注意的是,缺乏同事支持變項發生執勤失誤風險較高,該變項可能是預測發生執勤失誤的有力因素。 Sleep plays a necessary and essential role in body restitution and memory consolidation. Epidemiological studies on sleep have revealed that sleep problems result in short-term and long-term adverse effects on mental health, cognitive performance, work-related accidents, workplace errors, and physical health. In a previous study, burnout was characterized as a state of physical and psychological exhaustion which was attributed to personal, work-related, and client-related subscales. Through further studies, researchers found that burnout was linked to having adverse effects on workers, such as inducing fatigue, reduced safety performance, injuries, and the lack of desire to participate in work activities, meet goals, and support co-workers. To sum up the above, sleep and burnout problems have been linked to negative effects on safety performance including work-related accidents, workplace errors, and increased probability of injuries sustained during professional activities. Firefighting is classified as a high-risk occupation due to the hazardous nature of the profession. If a severe injury or death has occurred, it will have some adverse effects on individuals and organizations regarding disabilities and/or early retirement, and a financial toll, such as overtime, higher insurance premiums, and early retirement payments. Firefighters must be in readiness for 24 hours against fire suppression, emergency medical services, rescue, etc., during disasters and other emergencies. Consequently, firefighters may experience sleep problems and burnout which lead to the occurrence of on-duty errors. The study would like to do following topics. (1) To examine whether incomplete off-duty hours in the past month are associated with sleep quality in firefighters. (2) To examine whether the combination of overcommitment personality and incomplete off-duty contexture is more vulnerable to developing burnout. (3) To identify what factors are associated with on-duty error among firefighters. The sample population included only career and front-line male firefighters with at least one month of current continuous shift-work experience in the Greater Taipei area. They were recruited to participate in the online survey. This study used the internationally recognized instrument of Chinese version of Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (C-PSQI) and the Chinese version of the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory (occupational burnout inventory) to assess sleep quality and burnout. The important findings are as follows: As revealed by 801 valid questionnaires from shift firefighters, 77.2% were poor sleepers (PSQI cutoff score >6), and 61.2% reported incomplete off-duty in the past month. Those with evening chronotype are more prone to experiencing sleep problems. Longer hours of incomplete off-duty work were associated with increased risks of overall poor sleep quality and of poor subjective sleep quality, long sleep latency, sleep disturbances, and daytime dysfunction. More than half of the participants experienced burnout in personal, work-related, and client-related burnout dimensions. About 52.2% of subjects demonstrated overcommitment personality. There are about 32.4% of firefighters with a combination of overcommitment personality and incomplete off-duty contexture. When looking at overcommitment and incomplete off-duty variables together, the strength of the relationship with burnout is increased. There is a 1.9- to 3.1-fold increased risk of high burnout on each dimension, most notably work-related burnout. A total of 19.1% of participants reported experiencing on-duty error in the month prior to the survey duration. On-duty errors reported by firefighters are related to poor peer support, incomplete off-duty hour in the past month, poor sleep quality, and higher work-related burnout. The longer working tenure was a protective factor for occurrence of on-duty errors. It is worth noting that poor peer support had highest odds ratio, suggesting that being without satisfaction of peer support may serve as a strong predictor of experiencing on-duty errors. |
URI: | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/83283 |
DOI: | 10.6342/NTU202300152 |
全文授權: | 同意授權(限校園內公開) |
電子全文公開日期: | 2027-12-23 |
顯示於系所單位: | 環境與職業健康科學研究所 |
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