應用於電動貨卡之雙電機動力系統能耗分析研究與設計方法

Abstract

本研究針對重型電動貨卡配置的大功率雙電機動力系統提出能耗計算方式與相關優化設計方式。為提供重型貨車在高負載情況下的動力輸出，雙電機動力系統的概念開始被導入，以傳動機構方式將兩個馬達系統的輸出串接在一起，堆疊出更大的可輸出範圍，然而隨著機構的增加，動力系統的重量、體積、控制複雜度、成本均會受到影響。本研究以一最大功率190kW之雙電機動力系統原型機作為研究對象，探討如何以定齒比減速機的簡單架構耦合兩個動力馬達的輸出，並以控制策略與減速機設計的方式優化原型機的系統效率。為了探討動力系統效率，本研究使用Matlab Simulink建立了動力系統模型，將動力系統能耗、減速機內齒輪組強度、減速機內軸承壽命等等以參數化的方式做計算，並於AVL平台測試進行能耗模型的驗證。最後根據建立模型模擬結果提出了減速機優化的設計方案與雙馬達運作模式切換的優化控制策略，在不同車輛運行工況需求下提出減速機的優化設計成果。

This thesis presents the efficiency analysis and design method for a high-power dual motor power system applied to heavy electric trucks. To provide power output under high load conditions, the concept of dual motor power system was used in recent years. By coupling two individual motor sets with transmission mechanism, DMDS has the ability to provide more power and operate under wider range than single motor power system. However, the increased usage of mechanism affects the power system in various aspects including the weight, volume, cost and control complexity. This research takes a 190kW DMDS prototype as the research subject, discussing the power coupling with the use of fixed-ratio reducer. Further, we discuss the control strategy and design method to optimize the system efficiency. In order to explore the performance of power systems, we first build an integrated model in Simulink. The model has the function of calculating the power losses, gear pair stress conditions, and bearing lives of the power system. Next, we conduct an AVL test on the prototype to verify the built model. Lastly this research proposes the optimal design method and optimal control strategy according to the simulation results and presents the optimal design results of reducer under different working conditions.