情緒療癒影視作品研究─以情緒耗竭之臺灣圖書館員為例

Abstract

相關文獻指出，員工情緒耗竭的議題已成為當今職場關注的焦點；面對此等問題，倘若未能及時發現與處理，則將會對員工與組織造成負面影響；而有調查報告顯示，圖書館員亦有情緒耗竭情形。研究證實，電影療法能有助於舒緩個人之負面情緒，並引發內在的心理韌性與挫折復原力。然而，迄今尚未有研究係以情緒耗竭之館員為對象，來探討影視作品是否能有助於當事者紓解情緒耗竭的困擾。 爰此，本研究採用內容分析法，初步篩選出劇情與職場相關之影視作品素材；而後，以14位情緒耗竭之臺灣圖書館員為對象，對彼等進行兩次半結構式深度訪談，以了解個人的工作壓力情境與情緒耗竭感受，並探討個別影視作品能否對受訪者產生認同、淨化及領悟之情緒療癒效用，以及其中產生效用的相關因素為何。 研究結果發現，受訪館員之工作壓力情境可分為「圖書館工作本身」、「主管」、「同事」、「讀者」，以及「組織制度」五個面向；前兩者係彼等產生情緒耗竭之主要工作壓力情境。而本研究所媒合的14部影視作品，有13部能使受訪者產生認同、淨化及領悟作用，其中達致情緒療癒效用之因素包括：角色之特質或經歷與受訪者相似、劇情設定與前後故事內容之發展具一致性或合理性、劇情呈現出角色於低谷至高峰階段之情緒變化情形、角色展現令人敬佩之正向性格優勢，以及影片呈現角色正面回應問題之情節等。 最後，根據研究結果提供數項建議，例如館員可觀賞具情緒療癒效用之影視作品，以紓解情緒耗竭的困擾；圖書館組織應主動執行預防性情緒管理措施；而圖書資訊學系所、專業學會與相關機構宜開設情緒管理、人際溝通及衝突管理等課程。

Research has shown that emotional exhaustion in the workplace has become an increasingly significant issue that needs to be recognized and addressed in time, to avoid causing negative impacts on employees and organizations. Being no exception, librarians may also suffer from emotional exhaustion at work. While studies have found that movie therapy can help alleviate negative emotions, induce psychological resilience as well as the ability to recover from setbacks, not much research has focused on its application to emotionally exhausted librarians and the emotional healing efficacy of audiovisual work in relieving work-related emotional exhaustion. Thus, this study employed content analysis for selecting audiovisual work related to workplace. Subsequently, in-depth, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 14 Taiwanese librarians, firstly to examine their stress and emotional exhaustion at work, and then to explore the emotional healing efficacy of the prescribed audiovisual work, based on whether the participants experienced emotional healing process of identification, catharsis, and insight, along with analyzing factors that facilitate it. The results revealed that the stress of these interviewed librarians can be categorized into five sources: “library work itself,” “supervisor,” “colleague,” “patron/reader,” and “organizational system,” with most of the interviewees identifying the first two categories as the main work stressors that led to emotional exhaustion. Also, among the 14 films viewed by the interviewees, 13 of them were found to have emotional healing efficacy that enable participants to experience the psychological stages of identification, catharsis, and insight. The factors that contributed to the therapeutic effects of emotional healing included: the similarities between the characteristics or experiences of the characters and those of the interviewees, logical consistency and plausibility in terms of settings and plots, the portrayals of the characters’ emotional change and development through the ups and downs of the plots, the admirable and positive attributes of the characters, along with the way they face and address the problem squarely. Finally, based on the findings of this study, the researcher offers several suggestions to cope with emotional exhaustion in librarians. To begin with, librarians may watch audiovisual work with emotional healing efficacy to help alleviate emotional exhaustion; also, the library administrators should take the initiative to implement preventive emotional management; and last but not least, departments of library and information science, professional associations, and related organizations should offer courses about emotion management, interpersonal communication, as well as conflict management.