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| DC 欄位 | 值 | 語言 |
|---|---|---|
| dc.contributor.advisor | 鍾嘉綾(Chia-Lin Chung) | |
| dc.contributor.author | Tien Lan | en |
| dc.contributor.author | 藍天 | zh_TW |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2022-11-25T03:04:54Z | - |
| dc.date.available | 2026-07-14 | |
| dc.date.copyright | 2021-07-20 | |
| dc.date.issued | 2021 | |
| dc.date.submitted | 2021-07-14 | |
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S., and Akinsanmi, O. A. 2020. Phomopsis husk rot of macadamia in Australia and South Africa caused by novel Diaporthe species. Plant Pathol. 69:911-921. Yang, Q., Du, Z., and Tian, C. M. 2018. Phylogeny and morphology reveal two new species of Diaporthe from traditional Chinese medicine in northeast China. Phytotaxa 336:159-170. Yang, Q., Jiang, N., and Tian, C. M. 2020. Three new Diaporthe species from Shaanxi Province; China. MycoKeys 67:1-18. Zapata, M., Palma, M. A., Aninat, M. J., and Piontelli, E. 2020. Polyphasic studies of new species of Diaporthe from native forest in Chile; with descriptions of Diaporthe araucanorum sp. nov.; Diaporthe foikelawen sp. nov. and Diaporthe patagonica sp. nov. Int. J. syst. Evol. Micr. 70:3379-3390. Zhang, J., and Timmer, L. W. 2007. Preharvest application of fungicides for postharvest disease control on early season tangerine hybrids in Florida. Crop Prot. 26:886-893. Zheng, X., Ye, L., Jiang, T., Jing, G., and Li, J. 2012. Limiting the deterioration of mango fruit during storage at room temperature by oxalate treatment. Food Chemistry 130:279-285. Ziogas, B. N., Baldwin, B., and Young, J. A. 1997. Alternative respiration: a biochemical mechanism to azoxystrobin (ICIA 5504) in Septoria tritici. Pestic. Sci. 50:28-34. | |
| dc.identifier.uri | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/81844 | - |
| dc.description.abstract | 鳳梨釋迦為臺灣生產極具國際競爭力之水果，目前外銷市場集中於東亞地區，須開發新的遠距外銷市場。鳳梨釋迦之採後處理可藉由氣調低溫貯藏延長保鮮期達四週以上，但貯藏至後熟期間常發生嚴重蒂腐問題。本研究於2018和2019年對臺東五個主要產區：卑南鄉、鹿野鄉、東河鄉、臺東市和太麻里鄉進行田間菌相調查，Diaporthe spp. 於2018年及2019年分離率各佔47.6% 和 36.2%，普遍存在於鳳梨釋迦枝條、葉、花和幼果等組織，採後罹病果分離率佔 40%。挑選來自各產區和罹病果的60株Diaporthe spp. 作為代表性菌株，以ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (ITS)、β-tubulin (TUB)、translation elongation factor 1 alpha (EF1-α)、calmodulin (CAL) 和histone 3 (HIS3) 序列進行多基因親緣分析，確認D. biconispora (佔41.7%) 為鳳梨釋迦採後果腐病的主要病原菌。病原性測試以針刺製造傷口將菌絲塊接種於鳳梨釋迦果實，49株Diaporthe spp.菌株中有48株可產生病斑；無傷口接種測試12株Diaporthe spp.菌株，其中11株可產生病斑，但發病率低且病斑小。於含藥培養基上測試13種殺菌劑對11株具病原性Diaporthe spp.菌株之生長抑制效果，發現百克敏、撲克拉錳、賽普護汰寧和待克利之藥效最佳，而D. biconispora對甲基多保淨和腐絕呈現抗藥性。採後防治處理以果梗塗抹方式施用腐絕或克熱淨 (烷苯磺酸鹽) 之防治效果最佳，但貯藏三週後仍有高罹病率及罹病度。田間試驗於2018年選擇亞托待克利、賽普護汰寧和鋅錳乃浦等藥劑輪用，2019年測試百克敏和得克利同時施用、提早套袋、特殊套袋等方式，2018年及2019年各僅於一處園區呈現比慣行農法較佳之防治成效，但皆無法顯著有效抑制採後病害。透過調查果梗及果肩上病原菌潛伏感染情形，結合田間試驗之觀察結果，推測田間防治時機須再提前至花期，並加強田間衛生管理，才可能成功防治鳳梨釋迦採後病害。 | zh_TW |
| dc.description.provenance | Made available in DSpace on 2022-11-25T03:04:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 U0001-1307202109553100.pdf: 7678759 bytes, checksum: dc71d597a6e45a5a77f264795f3a02a0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2021 | en |
| dc.description.tableofcontents | 口試委員審定書 # 誌謝 I 中文摘要 II 英文摘要 III 研究動機與目的 V 目錄 VI 表目錄 IX 圖目錄 XI 附錄 XII 第一章 研究背景 1 1.1 臺灣番荔枝產業現況與外銷潛力 1 1.2 番荔枝果實採後保鮮處理 2 1.3 番荔枝果實病害 4 1.4 非病原菌引起之番荔枝果實黑變 6 1.5 Diaporthe sp. 之病害紀錄 6 1.6 番荔枝採後病害防治 8 第二章 材料與方法 9 2.1 樣本搜集、菌株分離、培養與保存 9 2.2 病原菌鑑定 9 2.2.1 DNA萃取 10 2.2.2 多基因親緣分析 10 2.3 病原性測試 11 2.3.1 鳳梨釋迦果實人工接種系統 12 2.4 藥劑敏感性測試 13 2.4.1 藥劑對菌絲生長影響測定 13 2.4.2 統計分析 14 2.5 採後防治試驗 14 2.5.1 藥劑施用方式 14 2.5.2 模擬貯運試驗 14 2.5.3 海外貯運試驗 15 2.5.4 果實病害評估標準 16 2.5.5 統計分析 16 2.6 田間試驗 16 2.6.1 2018年田間藥劑試驗 16 2.6.2 2019年田間套袋及藥劑試驗 17 2.6.3 果梗及果肩上病原菌潛伏感染調查 17 2.6.4 統計分析 18 第三章 結果 19 3.1 田間菌相調查與樣本搜集 19 3.2 多基因親緣分析 19 3.3 病原性測試 20 3.4 藥劑敏感性測試 20 3.5 採後防治試驗 22 3.5.1 模擬貯運試驗 22 3.5.2 海外貯運試驗 23 3.6 田間試驗 24 3.6.1 2018年田間藥劑試驗 24 3.6.2 2019年田間套袋及藥劑試驗 24 3.6.3 果梗及果肩上病原菌潛伏感染調查 25 第四章 討論 27 4.1 鳳梨釋迦田間菌相調查 27 4.2 造成鳳梨釋迦果腐病之Diaporthe spp. 種類及病原性 28 4.3 鳳梨釋迦果實接種系統之建立 29 4.4 不同類別殺菌劑對Diaporthe spp. 之生體外抑制效果 30 4.5 採後防治試驗 32 4.5.1 模擬貯運試驗 32 4.5.2 海外貯運試驗 35 4.6 田間試驗 35 4.7 果梗及果肩上病原菌潛伏感染調查 37 4.8 結論 38 第五章 參考文獻 39 表目錄 表一、2018、2019年田間菌相調查之採樣資訊。 56 表二、用於分子鑑定之引子對。 57 表三、NCBI GenBank資料庫中用於本研究親緣分析之菌株基因序列編號。 58 表四、本研究用於多基因親緣分析、果實傷口及無傷口接種、殺菌劑敏感性測試之菌株資訊。 70 表五、本研究使用之殺菌劑。 74 表六、採後防治試驗之藥劑處理一覽表。 75 表七、2018年田間藥劑試驗之操作紀錄。 76 表八、2019年田間套袋及藥劑試驗之操作紀錄。 77 表九、2018、2019年田間鳳梨釋迦枝條、葉、花、幼果上Diaporthe spp. 之分離率。 78 表十、鳳梨釋迦罹病果上不同屬真菌之分離率。 79 表十一、鳳梨釋迦果實傷口接種Diaporthe spp.之結果。 80 表十二、鳳梨釋迦果實無傷口接種Diaporthe spp.之結果。 82 表十三、本研究測試藥劑之EC50。 83 表十四、13支殺菌劑對11株代表性Diaporthe spp.菌株之菌絲生長抑制率。 84 表十五、不同濃度之salicylhydroxamic acid (SHAM) 對D. biconispora 07C41-1 和D. tectonendophytica TTC43-12 之菌絲生長抑制率。 92 表十六、模擬貯運試驗一中A級果之罹病率和罹病度。 93 表十七、模擬貯運試驗一中B級果之罹病率和罹病度。 94 表十八、模擬貯運試驗一中藥劑處理、貯藏時間、果實品質對果實罹病度之影響。 95 表十九、模擬貯運試驗二中果實之罹病率和罹病度。 96 表二十、模擬貯運試驗二中藥劑處理、貯藏時間對果實罹病度之影響。 97 表二十一、2020年海外貯運試驗中果實罹病率和罹病等級。 98 表二十二、2020年海外貯運試驗中藥劑處理、果實來源對果實罹病度之影響。 99 表二十三、2020年海外貯運試驗中果實軟熟率。 100 表二十四、2018年田間藥劑試驗之果實罹病率和罹病等級。 101 表二十五、2018年田間藥劑試驗中藥劑處理、貯藏時間對果實罹病度之影響。 102 表二十六、2019年田間套袋及藥劑試驗中，果實經20 oC後熟處理之罹病率和罹病等級。 103 表二十七、2019年田間套袋及藥劑試驗中，果實經25 oC後熟處理之罹病率和罹病等級。 104 表二十八、2019年田間套袋及藥劑試驗中套袋及藥劑處理、貯藏時間、後熟溫度對果實罹病度之影響。 105 表二十九、果梗磨皮處理對於其上分離出的真菌菌落數量之影響。樣本來自2019田間套袋及藥劑試驗中葉姓及張姓農友園區。 106 表三十、果肩及不同片段未磨皮果梗上分離之總真菌菌落數量。 107 表三十一、果肩及不同片段未磨皮果梗上分離之Diaporthe spp. 菌落數量。 108 圖目錄 圖一、2018、2019年田間菌相調查採樣地點。 109 圖二、2020年海外貯運試驗。 110 圖三、果實罹病等級對照表。 112 圖五、2019年田間套袋及藥劑試驗中特殊套袋方法操作流程。 113 圖六、果梗磨皮處理。 114 圖七、2018、2019年田間菌相調查中植株各部位之Diaporthe spp. 分離率。 115 圖八、Diaporthe spp. 多基因親緣分析樹。 116 圖九、親緣關係樹中不同分支之Diaporthe spp. 菌落。 121 圖十、不同種Diaporthe spp.以傷口或無傷口接種於鳳梨釋迦果實之病徵。 122 圖十一、病原性測試。 123 圖十二、鳳梨釋迦果實傷口接種Diaporthe spp. 之病斑擴展速率。 124 圖十三、模擬貯運試驗一中鳳梨釋迦 (A級果) 經貯藏3週之完熟果病徵。125 圖十四、模擬貯運試驗二中鳳梨釋迦經貯藏3週之完熟果病徵。 126 圖十五、2018年田間藥劑試驗中鳳梨釋迦經貯藏3週之完熟果病徵。 127 圖十六、2019年田間套袋及藥劑試驗中鳳梨釋迦經20 oC貯藏3週之完熟果病徵。 128 圖十七、經低溫貯藏數週之果實。 129 附錄 附錄一、藥劑對Diaporthe spp. 平均EC50影響之單因子變方分析表。 130 附錄二、模擬貯運試驗一中藥劑處理、貯藏時間、果實品質對果實罹病度影響之多因子變方分析表。 131 附錄三、模擬貯運試驗二中藥劑處理、貯藏時間對果實罹病度影響之二因子變方分析表。 132 附錄四、2020年海外貯運試驗中藥劑處理、果實來源對果實罹病度影響之二因子變方分析表。 133 附錄五、2018年田間藥劑試驗中藥劑處理、貯藏時間對綠熟果果實罹病度影響之二因子變方分析表。 134 附錄六、2018年田間藥劑試驗中藥劑處理、貯藏時間對完熟果果實罹病度影響之二因子變方分析表。 135 附錄七、2019年田間套袋及藥劑試驗中藥劑與套袋處理、貯藏時間、後熟溫度對綠熟果果實罹病度影響之多因子變方分析表。 136 附錄八、2019年田間套袋及藥劑試驗中藥劑與套袋處理、貯藏時間、後熟溫度對完熟果果實罹病度影響之多因子變方分析表。 137 | |
| dc.language.iso | zh-TW | |
| dc.subject | 套袋 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 番荔枝 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 鳳梨釋迦 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 採收後病害 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 果腐病 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | Diaporthe spp. | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 潛伏感染 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 殺菌劑 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | atemoya | en |
| dc.subject | fungicides | en |
| dc.subject | latent infection | en |
| dc.subject | Diaporthe spp. | en |
| dc.subject | fruit rot disease | en |
| dc.subject | Annona | en |
| dc.subject | postharvest diseases | en |
| dc.subject | bagging | en |
| dc.title | 造成鳳梨釋迦果腐病之Diaporthe spp. 多樣性調查及防治研究 | zh_TW |
| dc.title | Investigation of the Diversity and Control of Diaporthe spp. Causing Fruit Rot Disease of Atemoya | en |
| dc.date.schoolyear | 109-2 | |
| dc.description.degree | 碩士 | |
| dc.contributor.advisor-orcid | 鍾嘉綾(0000-0002-1612-0109) | |
| dc.contributor.oralexamcommittee | 蔡恕仁(Hsin-Tsai Liu),王智立(Chih-Yang Tseng),吳俊達,洪挺軒 | |
| dc.subject.keyword | 番荔枝,鳳梨釋迦,採收後病害,果腐病,Diaporthe spp.,潛伏感染,殺菌劑,套袋, | zh_TW |
| dc.subject.keyword | Annona,atemoya,postharvest diseases,fruit rot disease,Diaporthe spp.,latent infection,fungicides,bagging, | en |
| dc.relation.page | 137 | |
| dc.identifier.doi | 10.6342/NTU202101427 | |
| dc.rights.note | 同意授權(全球公開) | |
| dc.date.accepted | 2021-07-15 | |
| dc.contributor.author-college | 生物資源暨農學院 | zh_TW |
| dc.contributor.author-dept | 植物醫學碩士學位學程 | zh_TW |
| dc.date.embargo-lift | 2026-07-26 | - |
| 顯示於系所單位： | 植物醫學碩士學位學程 | |
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