#MeToo運動前後凱西艾佛列克得獎系列報導的論述分析

Abstract

本研究以我國「凱西艾佛列克得獎」系列報導為研究樣本，以論述分析為研究方法，分析#MeToo運動前後，《聯合新聞網》、《ETtoday》與《女人迷》報導中的性暴力迷思論述與反迷思論述有什麼樣的轉變。研究發現，#MeToo運動後媒體確實傾向將艾佛列克涉嫌性暴力的「往事」建構為「醜聞」，雖然新聞報導中沒有明顯的性暴力迷思、報導性暴力爭議的比例增加，但多數報導論述卻仍將報導重心擺在名人／有權勢的一方，較強調加害者處境與加害者付出的代價，並在報導中建構新的「名氣」、「獎項、技術至上」的迷思，間接地延續性暴力迷思，維繫父權結構的合法性。也有媒體報導達到反迷思的指標，例如使用更多元的消息來源達成「抗議者發聲」的效果；強調受害者屈辱經驗、批判結構壓迫達到「脫鉤既有的迷思」；訴諸同理心或是改善結構問題的「解決方案」。在結論中，本研究建議，媒體除了不應再複製既有的性暴力迷思之外，也應建設性、基進地提出反迷思角度的報導。在性暴力相關報導可以有積極指標，如要讓抗議者發聲，要脫鉤既有迷思，並要提供不平等結構問題的解決方案等。

This study analyzes media reporting of the United Daily News, ETtoday and Womany’s coverage regarding Casey Affleck’s Oscar controversy through discourse analysis. The result shows that after the #MeToo movement, media tend to construct Affleck’s alleged sexual violence as a “scandal” rather than just an incident in the past. There were no explicit sexual violence myths in news reports and the proportion of stories about sexual violence increased after the #MeToo movement. However, most stories still focused on the celebrity/authoritative side, preponderance of coverage was placed on the the costs and situations of the perpetrator. In addition, new myths of 'fame and stardom'were constructed in the stories, indirectly reinforce sexual violence myth and therefore help maintain patriarchal legacy. Still, there are myth-challenging stories, providing 'voices of protesters'with more diversed sources; emphasizing the victim's experiences and criticizing structural oppression to 'delink existing myths'; appealing to empathy or improving structural injustice through'proposing solutions' In conclusion, this study suggests that in addition to not replicating sexual violence myths in news, the media can also constructively and radically provide myth-challenging stories. There can be progressive principles in sexual violence reporting, such as 'voices of protesters', 'delink existing myths' and 'proposing solutions'.