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| DC 欄位 | 值 | 語言 |
|---|---|---|
| dc.contributor.advisor | 林順福 | |
| dc.contributor.author | Shih-Wei Liang | en |
| dc.contributor.author | 梁師瑋 | zh_TW |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2022-11-24T09:25:20Z | - |
| dc.date.available | 2022-11-24T09:25:20Z | - |
| dc.date.copyright | 2021-08-04 | |
| dc.date.issued | 2021 | |
| dc.date.submitted | 2021-07-23 | |
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Nucleotide diversity and molecular evolution of the ALK gene in cultivated rice and its wild relatives. Plant Molecular Biology Reporter 34(5): 923-930. | |
| dc.identifier.uri | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/81656 | - |
| dc.description.abstract | 由於臺灣常有稻米產銷失衡的問題，釀造清酒為解決途徑之一，然而臺灣目前並無適合釀造清酒之專用稻米品種，直接引進日本的酒米品種則會因為過早抽穗而導致產量下降。因此，本研究的目的為將臺灣的稉稻品種臺南16號所具有之晚抽穗及高千粒重基因以分子輔助回交育種的方式導入引進之日本酒米品種美山錦中，希望能改良引進酒米品種之抽穗期及千粒重。本研究以臺南16號為供給親及美山錦為輪迴親雜交獲得18株F1，並先後分別對130株BC1F1、33株BC2F1及92株BC3F1植株進行前景選拔，最後獲選1株具有目標性狀基因之BC3F1植株，將其自交產生93株BC3F2，再對其進行前景選拔和抽穗期、千粒重及稔實率等外表性狀調查。本研究成功將2個晚抽穗(qDTH10-1/qDTH10-2和qDTH3-1)及1個高千粒重(qGwt9-1)基因座導入美山錦品種中，改良後的BC3F2個體之抽穗期可延長約20天，而千粒重則可提升約1.14克，且穀粒產量亦隨之提升28.11%，顯示以分子標誌選拔目標性狀可達到預期目標。同時，本研究也對BC2F1及BC3F1前景選拔獲選之植株進行遺傳背景分析，輪迴親遺傳背景比例分別約為80%及85%，顯示輪迴親遺傳背景所佔比例低於理論值。此外，本研究亦發現抽穗期與千粒重兩目標性狀間呈現顯著負相關，即過度延遲抽穗期將因增加穀粒數而使千粒重降低，且可能導致植株過高增加倒伏風險，並可能因生育期過長而影響輪作制度及節水效益，因此後續品系之抽穗期選拔將以效應較大之qDTH10-1/qDTH10-2基因為主，而以效應較小的qDTH3-1基因為輔。此外，本研究亦使用帶有gs3對偶基因的臺南16號品種為供給親且同樣以美山錦品種為輪迴親進行回交，並先後分別對32株BC1F1及47株BC2F1進行前景選拔，試圖在除了上述抽穗期及千粒重基因外導入可增大粒型(千粒重)的gs3對偶基因，以期間接增加產量。綜合而言，本研究利用分子標誌輔助回交育種已成功改良優良酒米品種之抽穗期及千粒重等性狀，並已初步獲選具潛力之個體/品系，期望後續品系評估後可推薦適合臺灣栽培環境之優良酒米新品種。 | zh_TW |
| dc.description.provenance | Made available in DSpace on 2022-11-24T09:25:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 U0001-2107202112353000.pdf: 3465846 bytes, checksum: b76cb5f8eb079bbfe30531d39c06af24 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2021 | en |
| dc.description.tableofcontents | 口試委員會審定書 i 誌謝 ii 中文摘要 iii Abstract iv 目錄 vi 表目錄 ix 圖目錄 xi 附表目錄 xii 前言 1 前人研究 4 一、重要的酒米性狀 4 二、分子標誌輔助選種 5 三、酒米引種問題 6 四、抽穗期相關的遺傳調控機制 7 五、影響穀粒粒型與產量之基因 9 六、影響水稻白堊質之基因 11 材料與方法 14 一、試驗材料 14 二、分子標誌基因型檢測 17 1.水稻植株DNA萃取 17 2.聚合酶連鎖反應及瓊脂膠電泳分析 18 3.SSR分子標誌的使用 18 三、目標性狀相關QTL之基因型分析 19 四、遺傳背景分析 19 五、外表型調查 20 結果 22 一、A1組之前景選拔 22 1.BC1F1及BC1F1-s族群的目標性狀基因座分析與選拔 22 2.BC2F1及BC2F1-s族群的目標性狀基因座分析與選拔 24 3.BC3F1及BC3F1-s族群的目標性狀基因座分析與選拔 29 4.BC4F1族群的目標性狀基因座分析 33 5.BC3F2-s族群的目標性狀基因座分析與選拔 35 6.BC3F2-s-L族群的目標性狀基因座分析與選拔 36 二、A1組之遺傳背景分析 38 1.獲選BC2F1-s個體之遺傳背景分析 38 2.獲選BC3F1-s個體之遺傳背景分析 40 三、A1組之分子標誌與目標性狀間之關聯性分析 46 1.分子標誌與抽穗期間之關聯性 46 2.分子標誌與千粒重間之關聯性 49 3.分子標誌與心白性狀間之關聯性 51 4.抽穗期與產量相關性狀間之關聯性 53 5.千粒重與產量相關性狀間之關聯性 56 6.性狀間的相關性分析 58 四、A2組之前景選拔(含gs3對偶基因) 60 1.BC1F1-g族群的目標性狀基因座分析與選拔 60 2.BC2F1-g族群的目標性狀基因座分析與選拔 62 討論 65 一、A1組之目標性狀基因座選拔 65 1.抽穗期之改良 65 2.千粒重之改良 67 3.抽穗期與產量相關性狀的關係 71 二、A1組之心白分析 71 三、A1組抽穗期與重要農藝性狀間之關係 74 四、A1組之遺傳背景分析 75 五、A2組之抽穗期與千粒重基因座選拔 76 結論 78 附錄 79 參考資料 82 | |
| dc.language.iso | zh-TW | |
| dc.subject | 分子輔助回交育種 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 酒米 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 千粒重 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 抽穗期 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 穀粒產量 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | days to heading | en |
| dc.subject | 1000-grain weight | en |
| dc.subject | grain yields | en |
| dc.subject | sake-brewing rice | en |
| dc.subject | marker-assisted backcross selection | en |
| dc.title | 利用分子標誌輔助回交改良酒米品種之抽穗期及千粒重 | zh_TW |
| dc.title | Improvement of a Sake-Brewing Rice Variety on Days to Heading and Thousand-Grain Weight Using Marker-Assisted Backcross Selection | en |
| dc.date.schoolyear | 109-2 | |
| dc.description.degree | 碩士 | |
| dc.contributor.oralexamcommittee | 黃永芬(Hsin-Tsai Liu),陳榮坤(Chih-Yang Tseng) | |
| dc.subject.keyword | 酒米,抽穗期,千粒重,穀粒產量,分子輔助回交育種, | zh_TW |
| dc.subject.keyword | sake-brewing rice,days to heading,1000-grain weight,grain yields,marker-assisted backcross selection, | en |
| dc.relation.page | 93 | |
| dc.identifier.doi | 10.6342/NTU202101623 | |
| dc.rights.note | 未授權 | |
| dc.date.accepted | 2021-07-23 | |
| dc.contributor.author-college | 生物資源暨農學院 | zh_TW |
| dc.contributor.author-dept | 農藝學研究所 | zh_TW |
| 顯示於系所單位： | 農藝學系 | |
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