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| DC 欄位 | 值 | 語言 |
|---|---|---|
| dc.contributor.advisor | 黃耀輝(Yaw-Huei Hwang) | |
| dc.contributor.author | Hui-Chu Wu | en |
| dc.contributor.author | 吳蕙竹 | zh_TW |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2022-11-24T03:31:43Z | - |
| dc.date.available | 2021-09-16 | |
| dc.date.available | 2022-11-24T03:31:43Z | - |
| dc.date.copyright | 2021-09-16 | |
| dc.date.issued | 2021 | |
| dc.date.submitted | 2021-08-11 | |
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Preventing chronic disease, 10, E213. doi:10.5888/pcd10.130056 Rudge, C. V., Röllin, H. B., Nogueira, C. M., Thomassen, Y., Rudge, M. C., Odland, J. Ø. (2009). The placenta as a barrier for toxic and essential elements in paired maternal and cord blood samples of South African delivering women. Journal of environmental monitoring : JEM, 11(7), 1322–1330. doi:10.1039/b903805a Rygiel, C. A., Dolinoy, D. C., Perng, W.,……… | |
| dc.identifier.uri | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/81122 | - |
| dc.description.abstract | 鉛被廣泛應用在工業產品與日常生活中。而不易降解的特徵，使鉛存在環境的所有部分，如水、土壤、水，甚至食物鏈中。人體主要的鉛暴露途徑是吸入和食入。鉛並非人體必需的元素，多項研究指出鉛可能使人體幾乎所有器官或系統產生廣泛的不良健康影響，例如神經、腎臟、生殖和發育等方面。此外，鉛很容易穿過胎盤，因此懷孕時期鉛暴露可能對胎兒產生不良健康影響。在過去的幾十年中，有鉛汽油被認為是人體血鉛濃度上升的主要貢獻。近年來各國遂制定相關政策以減低環境鉛污染，臍帶血鉛濃度也逐漸下降。 本研究針對1985年至2018年大臺北地區一系列的臍帶血鉛濃度研究做進一步分析，呈現大臺北地區近三十年的臍帶血鉛濃度遞變情形。並透過蒐集各國之臍帶血濃度文獻，探討不同人類發展指數國家的臍帶血鉛濃度差異，利用統計分析預估未來臍帶血鉛濃度趨勢。 有鉛汽油逐漸減用至完全禁用的期間，大臺北地區臍帶血鉛濃度大幅下降。自1985年至1992年臍帶血鉛濃度減少一半以上。2000年有鉛汽油完全禁用後臍帶血鉛濃度下降幅度逐漸緩和，臍帶血鉛濃度變化與同時期的有鉛汽油使用量、空氣鉛濃度趨勢相似。各國文獻蒐集結果指出，不同人類發展指數國家的臍帶血鉛濃度皆有下降傾向，且越高人類發展指數國家的臍帶血鉛濃度越低。不過近十年極高度人類發展指數國家的臍帶血鉛濃度穩定落在相對低的濃度值10 μg/L，沒有明顯的下降情形。2004年大臺北地區平均臍帶血鉛濃度與極高度人類發展國家的臍帶血鉛濃度趨勢相近，以大臺北地區2016～2018年的臍帶血鉛濃度回推極高度人類發展指數國家在相當濃度下的相對年代，顯示大臺北地區臍帶血鉛濃度降低速度比起極高度人類發展指數國家的血鉛濃度平均降低速度要來得快。利用線性迴歸推估未來的臍帶血鉛濃度，2050年的極高度人類發展指數國家與高度、中度以及低度人類發展指數國家臍帶血鉛濃度值分別為4.93±0.34 μg/L、10.03 ± 2.79 μg/L。 長年穩定的低臍帶血鉛濃度顯示人們將持續暴露於環境鉛污染，但環境鉛污染組成變得複雜且不易釐清，需要持續長時間監測臍帶血鉛濃度以利了解人體鉛暴露原因與防制之道。 | zh_TW |
| dc.description.provenance | Made available in DSpace on 2022-11-24T03:31:43Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 U0001-1108202111275500.pdf: 5273396 bytes, checksum: 5e78f019b337b17c194c89f893a6dec9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2021 | en |
| dc.description.tableofcontents | "中文摘要 I ABSTRACT III 目錄 VI 圖目錄 VIII 表目錄 IX 第一章、 前言與文獻回顧 1 1.1 鉛的基本特性與應用 1 1.2 鉛在環境中的流布情形 2 1.3 暴露途徑 3 1.4 鉛毒性與健康危害 4 1.5 鉛的法規與標準 6 1.6 國內外臍帶血鉛濃度研究現況 7 第二章、 研究材料及方法 9 2.1 大臺北地區歷年臍帶血資料 9 2.2 各國臍帶血鉛濃度研究文獻蒐集 12 2.3 人類發展指數(Human Development Index, HDI) 14 2.4 統計分析 17 第三章、 研究結果 19 3.1 大臺北地區近三十年臍帶血鉛濃度趨勢 19 3.2 不同人類發展指數國家臍帶血鉛濃度探討 22 3.2.1 臍帶血鉛濃度研究文獻 22 3.2.2 極高度人類發展指數國家之臍帶血鉛濃度文獻探討 23 3.2.3 高度、中度、低度人類發展指數國家之臍帶血鉛濃度文獻探討 29 3.2.4 不同人類發展指數國家臍帶血鉛濃度比較 34 3.3 臺灣與各國臍帶血鉛濃度趨勢比較 36 第四章、 討論 38 4.1 有鉛汽油歷史進程與鉛濃度變遷 39 4.2 不同人類發展指數國家臍帶血鉛濃度差異 46 4.3 其他重要環境鉛暴露來源 47 4.3.1 電子垃圾 47 4.3.2 含鉛塗料 49 4.3.3 鉛水管、鉛基焊料與飲用水 50 4.3.4 傳統鉛釉陶瓷 50 4.3.5 其他潛在暴露來源 50 4.4 低濃度鉛暴露對人體健康的影響 53 4.5 研究限制 57 4.6 對公共衛生的重要性—臍帶血鉛濃度回顧與展望 59 第五章、 結論 60 第七章、 參考文獻 61" | |
| dc.language.iso | zh-TW | |
| dc.subject | 變遷 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 臍帶血 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 人類發展指數 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 臺北 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 鉛 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | lead | en |
| dc.subject | Taipei | en |
| dc.subject | human development index | en |
| dc.subject | transition | en |
| dc.subject | cord blood | en |
| dc.title | 不同人類發展程度國家與大臺北地區臍帶血鉛濃度趨勢探討 | zh_TW |
| dc.title | Transitions of Cord Blood Lead Levels in Various Human Development Index Countries and in the Taipei Metropolitan Area | en |
| dc.date.schoolyear | 109-2 | |
| dc.description.degree | 碩士 | |
| dc.contributor.oralexamcommittee | 簡伶朱(Hsin-Tsai Liu),林若婷(Chih-Yang Tseng),莊弘毅 | |
| dc.subject.keyword | 鉛,臍帶血,變遷,人類發展指數,臺北, | zh_TW |
| dc.subject.keyword | lead,cord blood,transition,human development index,Taipei, | en |
| dc.relation.page | 82 | |
| dc.identifier.doi | 10.6342/NTU202102270 | |
| dc.rights.note | 同意授權(限校園內公開) | |
| dc.date.accepted | 2021-08-12 | |
| dc.contributor.author-college | 公共衛生學院 | zh_TW |
| dc.contributor.author-dept | 環境與職業健康科學研究所 | zh_TW |
| 顯示於系所單位： | 環境與職業健康科學研究所 | |
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