北宋詩話中的俳諧書寫

Abstract

北宋詩話中可見為數頗多的俳諧書寫，這些俳諧書寫多半出現在本事式的書寫條項中，或者以評論口吻、遊戲小詩等相關詩事中呈現；而隨著時移事轉、詩話逐漸條項化後，這一類俳諧意態便也逐漸隱遁改貌，使得北宋詩話中的俳諧書寫自成一可清晰體現時代氛圍的作品大類。 本文從歐陽修創發詩話體以「資談笑」的詩話記寫出發點析看北宋詩話中的俳諧書寫作品，以討論其中俳諧意態的表現方式及內涵。本文依據俳諧書寫的內容，將這些北宋詩話分成四個大類，分別為以詩人軼事、政事、詩歌評論以及詩文遊戲為中心的俳諧書寫。透過這些文本分析，可以發現俳諧書寫由於其特具的顛覆動能以及彈性，而得以包容北宋文士或許過分激越的個人意念。北宋詩話中愈熾的俳諧戲笑之風，便是士大夫在北宋，與中央矛盾加劇的政治氣氛以及三教合一、儒釋交攝之思想氛圍中，持續追求一安心立命處的體現。 最後，北宋詩話體中的俳諧戲謔，更清晰地突顯了評論生發於賞鑒遊戲、敘事與詩歌互補共陳等傳統詩歌評論特性。

Numerous witty writings can be seen in the remarks on poetry of Northern Song Dynasty, most of which appear in the writing items of this genre, or appear in commentary and poems; as time goes by, the witty writing in the remarks on poetry of the Northern Song Dynasty become a large category of works that can clearly reflect the atmosphere of the times. This thesis intends to analyze the witty writings in the remarks on poems of the Northern Song Dynasty from the starting point of Ouyang Xiu's creation of the literary genre, and to discuss the expression of these witty writings. Based on the content of witty writing, this thesis divides these Northern Song Dynasty poems into four major categories: witty writing centered on poet anecdotes, political affairs, poetry comments, and poetry games. Through the analysis of these texts, it can be found that due to its unique subversive kinetic energy and flexibility, witty writings can accommodate the overly aggressive personal ideas of the Northern Song’s writers. Finally, it was found that the scholars in the Northern Song Dynasty continued to recognize and transform the aesthetic paradigms of the middle and late Tang Dynasty to create poetry and essays, and the increasingly witty writings was a road to freedom, free from political tension. For the new concept came from the unity of ideologies, especially the communication of Confucianism, Buddhism, the witty writings of remarks on poems became more elegant and peaceful than ever before. The scholars in the Northern Song Dynasty keeps pursuing the resting place and freedom from witty writings, and the remarks of poem reflect it vividly.