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http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/80947完整後設資料紀錄
| DC 欄位 | 值 | 語言 |
|---|---|---|
| dc.contributor.advisor | 徐濟泰(Jih-Tay Hsu) | |
| dc.contributor.author | Wen-Chi Hsiung | en |
| dc.contributor.author | 熊玟淇 | zh_TW |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2022-11-24T03:23:10Z | - |
| dc.date.available | 2021-09-17 | |
| dc.date.available | 2022-11-24T03:23:10Z | - |
| dc.date.copyright | 2021-09-17 | |
| dc.date.issued | 2021 | |
| dc.date.submitted | 2021-09-14 | |
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| dc.identifier.uri | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/80947 | - |
| dc.description.abstract | 本研究之目的，在於探討使用植物油工廠廢白土製作之泌乳牛營養舔磚，能否作為廢白土再利用之有效途徑。本研究參考美國黃豆出口協會與臺灣大學的2008年建教合作案 (Contract#U79-08-04) 開發高蛋白質舔磚的技術，再搭配承辦臺鹽實業股份有限公司85、86年度「建立臺鹽畜牧用鹽磚配方之研究」計畫所開發出來的礦鹽鹽磚製作技術，加入廢白土為新原料，設計組合出具備高能量、高蛋白質與綜合礦鹽三種特性組合的動物用舔磚。動物試驗將10頭荷蘭泌乳牛 (泌乳天數90天以上，4%校正乳脂校正乳量>30 kg/day) 分組，以每次2頭的方式分別飼養於獨立欄位，配合牧場日常給飼管理，對照組只給予一般商業礦鹽鹽磚任食，處理組則同時給予一般商業礦鹽鹽磚以及廢白土舔磚。本研究採交叉 (switch back) 試驗設計，先經過16天的飼養試驗後 (包含14天適應期與2天採樣期)，再互換餵食處理，進行下一輪的飼養試驗。比較兩個試驗組別的飼糧乾物質採食量、舔磚採食量、乳量、乳組成，並檢測口腔中瘤胃細菌數量，以做為評估含廢白土舔磚營養價值的指標。同時，舔磚也進行保存性分析 (TBARS與總生菌數之檢測)，以測試舔磚有效使用期限。 本研究所設計之舔磚由36.8 % 廢白土、35.8 % 鹽、20.3 % 玉米蛋白質粉 (高蛋白質來源)、5.7 %蜜素寶 (能量來源) 與1.4 % 微量礦鹽。試驗期間處理組與對照組乾物質採食量沒有顯著差異 (20.74±2.80 vs. 20.22±3.26 kg/day)，泌乳量亦無顯著差異(33.74±5.14 vs. 33.98±5.91 kg/day)，乳組成在兩組間均無顯著差異。廢白土舔磚組泌乳牛的舔磚平均採食量為31.96±24.71 g/day，同時加上一般商業鹽磚平均採食量為33.17±14.57 g/day，總和與對照組的單獨一般商業鹽磚平均採食量64.26±32.01 g/day相近似。舔磚保存試驗中，含廢白土舔磚放置於室溫中，2020年3月舔磚（A1組別）製作完成後，其起始總生菌數為3.403 log CFU/g，隨著5、6月氣溫逐漸上升，總生菌數達到4.041 log CFU/g，與初始值呈顯著差異（P<0.05），而TBARS值在5月時亦顯著高於初始值（P<0.05），但針對廢白土舔磚採食量與TBARS值進行相關性分析，其結果顯示舔磚TBARS值與舔磚採食量沒有顯著相關 (P>0.05)，表示試驗期間油脂酸敗程度不是影響牛隻對舔磚採食量的主要因素。 綜合以上試驗結果，本研究所設計含廢白土的舔磚，可以被泌乳牛接受，在試驗期間自願各吃一半含廢白土的舔磚以及一半一般商業鹽磚，並維持相似的乾物質採食量、養分消化率、乳量與乳組成。 本研究提供酪農另一個可選用的補充能量與蛋白質乳牛舔磚產品，是一個可行的廢白土去化方式。 | zh_TW |
| dc.description.provenance | Made available in DSpace on 2022-11-24T03:23:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 U0001-1009202122524200.pdf: 3675200 bytes, checksum: cb70840854c9204d528336e383a40e45 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2021 | en |
| dc.description.tableofcontents | 摘要 i Abstract iii 目錄 v 圖目錄 ix 表目錄 xi 壹、 文獻探討 1 一、 膨潤土與白土之介紹與應用 1 (一) 白土的成分與結構 1 (二) 膨潤土的特性 2 (三) 膨潤土常見之應用 4 (四) 白土之酸活化 9 二、 廢白土的特性與處理方式 13 (一) 廢白土的產量與處理難處 13 (二) 廢白土之回收 14 (三) 廢白土之再利用 18 三、 舔磚之介紹與應用 24 (一) 鹽、舔磚發展的歷史 24 (二) 舔磚的製作方式與主要成分 25 四、 研究目標與願景 30 貳、 材料與方法 31 舔磚試驗 一、 含廢白土營養舔磚製作 31 二、 總生菌數 33 三、 二-硫代巴比妥酸值 34 動物試驗 一、 試驗動物與管理 35 二、 試驗設計 36 三、 偏好測試 36 四、 樣品採及與處理 37 (一) 剩料收集 37 (二) 糞便收集 37 (三) 舔磚秤重 37 (四) 瘤胃微生物樣品 37 (五) 乳樣 41 五、 樣品分析方法 41 (一) 乾物質 41 (二) 粗蛋白質 42 (三) 粗脂肪 44 (四) 灰分 44 (五) 中洗纖維 45 (六) 酸洗纖維 46 (七) 酸洗木質素 47 六、 統計分析 48 參、 結果與討論 49 一、 廢白土與舔磚成分分析 50 (一) 廢白土金屬成分分析 50 (二) 廢白土與舔磚成分分析 52 二、 舔磚保存性試驗 56 (一) 二-硫代巴比妥酸值 56 (二) 總生菌數 59 三、 動物試驗 62 (一) 採食量 62 (二) 表面消化率 65 (三) 瘤胃微生物 67 (四) 乳量與乳成分 69 (五) 偏好測試結果 71 (六) 經濟效益評估及廢白土消耗量估算 71 肆、 結論 73 伍、 參考文獻 74 陸、 附錄 83 | |
| dc.language.iso | zh-TW | |
| dc.subject | 營養性舔磚 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 廢白土 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 泌乳牛 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | Nutrient lick block | en |
| dc.subject | Wasted bleach earth | en |
| dc.subject | lactating cattle | en |
| dc.title | 植物油工廠廢白土製作泌乳牛舔磚之研究 | zh_TW |
| dc.title | Study of Making Lick Block of Wasted Bleach Earth from Vegetable Oil Plant for Lactating Dairy Cattle | en |
| dc.date.schoolyear | 109-2 | |
| dc.description.degree | 碩士 | |
| dc.contributor.oralexamcommittee | 王翰聰(Hsin-Tsai Liu),吳建平(Chih-Yang Tseng) | |
| dc.subject.keyword | 廢白土,泌乳牛,營養性舔磚, | zh_TW |
| dc.subject.keyword | Wasted bleach earth,lactating cattle,Nutrient lick block, | en |
| dc.relation.page | 84 | |
| dc.identifier.doi | 10.6342/NTU202103117 | |
| dc.rights.note | 同意授權(限校園內公開) | |
| dc.date.accepted | 2021-09-15 | |
| dc.contributor.author-college | 生物資源暨農學院 | zh_TW |
| dc.contributor.author-dept | 動物科學技術學研究所 | zh_TW |
| 顯示於系所單位： | 動物科學技術學系 | |
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