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請用此 Handle URI 來引用此文件: http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/80935
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dc.contributor.advisor葉德銘(Der-Ming Yeh)
dc.contributor.authorHong-Wen Fengen
dc.contributor.author馮泓文zh_TW
dc.date.accessioned2022-11-24T03:22:38Z-
dc.date.available2021-09-17
dc.date.available2022-11-24T03:22:38Z-
dc.date.copyright2021-09-17
dc.date.issued2021
dc.date.submitted2021-09-13
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dc.identifier.urihttp://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/80935-
dc.description.abstract"朱蕉[Cordyline fruticose (L.) A. Chev.]為天門冬科(Asparagaceae)朱蕉屬(Cordyline)之常綠灌木,被譽為是熱帶觀葉植物之王。葉色及葉型多變,廣泛應用於綠美化工程。本研究探討朱蕉雜交育種方式與葉斑形成機制,以利新品種選育。 朱蕉之花期短,且品種間花期不一致,需進行花期調節以利雜交授粉。於4月及10月噴施5000 mg·L-1之激勃酸於心部葉片,結果顯示艷紅朱蕉(‘Thelma’)、密葉朱蕉(‘Hawaiian Compacta’)、娃娃朱蕉(‘Dolly’)、彩葉娃娃朱蕉(‘Cointreau’)及彩虹朱蕉(‘Amanda’s Blush’)於任何時期處理激勃酸2個月後皆可開花;亮葉朱蕉(‘Red Sister’)、白馬朱蕉(‘White Edge’)、錦葉朱蕉(‘Fire Fountain’)、錦翠朱蕉(‘Youmeninshiki’)、紅白馬朱蕉(‘John Klass’)、彩葉朱蕉(‘Tricolor’)、暗紅朱蕉(‘Cooperi’)、細葉朱蕉(‘Bella’)、’Willi’s Gold’、大葉紅邊朱蕉(‘Plumdinger’)、紅朱蕉(‘Rubra’)、喀麥隆朱蕉(‘Cameroon’)與巧克力朱蕉(‘Miss Andrea’)僅可於10月處理激勃酸誘導開花;咖啡公主朱蕉(‘Tartan’)、火焰朱蕉(‘Chocolate’)、月光朱蕉(‘Moonlight’)與夏威夷小朱蕉(‘Baby Ti’)僅於4月處理激勃酸可誘導開花;而斜紋朱蕉(‘Pink Diamond’)與翡翠朱蕉(‘Kiwi’)無論4月或10月處理激勃酸皆無法誘導開花。矮性品種娃娃朱蕉、彩葉娃娃朱蕉、彩虹朱蕉、喀麥隆朱蕉、月光朱蕉與夏威夷小朱蕉開花時皆無花粉產生。朱蕉之不稔性與倍數性無關,以綠葉朱蕉(‘Ti’)為二倍體參考樣本,將不同植株大小之18個朱蕉品種進行流式細胞儀檢定皆為二倍體。 於冬季將朱蕉17個品種及5個品系在開花當天進行雜交授粉,共獲得649顆果實,平均著果率為63.6%,平均每個果實含有6.3顆種子。在正反交的組合中,除了‘Willi's Gold’ × 品系UN-20外皆可以授粉成功,於品種間雜交、品系及品種雜交、品系及品系雜交亦可成功獲得果實。於夏季將10個朱蕉品種進行雜交授粉皆無法成功得到果實。為確認高溫對朱蕉不稔性之影響,將亮葉朱蕉栽培於日/夜溫為30/25℃ 及35/30℃並處理激勃酸誘導開花,35/30℃處理之花藥呈灰白色無法開裂,且無花粉產生。30/25℃處理有花粉產生,以含15%蔗糖之B K進行體外培養,結果皆無花粉管萌發,且花粉外觀異常、較不飽滿。經H2O2及α-naphthyl acetate檢測,柱頭於30/25℃及35/30℃處理下皆具有可授性,因此夏季授粉無法成功得到果實為花粉於高溫下無法萌發花粉管所致。朱蕉為異交作物,屬於配子體型自交不親和,切除50%、75%及100%之花柱後自交授粉無法得到種子,顯示切花柱授粉無法克服朱蕉之自交不親和。 朱蕉種子具有發芽率低、發芽速度慢及發芽不整齊的問題。艷紅朱蕉 × 品系UN-22之種子於刻傷後浸泡於0-150 mg·L-1 GA3發芽率及平均發芽天數皆無顯著差異。艷紅朱蕉 × 品系UN-22之種子於調製成-0.65 ~ -1.15 MPa之聚乙二醇(polyethylene glycol, PEG)溶液進行滲調處理14天,其第一粒種子開始發芽所需之天數(T0)及平均發芽時間皆較未處理者顯著縮短,發芽率則無顯著差異。朱蕉品系UN-20 × UN-19之種子於調製成-0.65 ~ -1.15 MPa之PEG溶液處理7天14天,其T0及平均發芽時間皆顯著縮短較未處理者顯著縮短,且處理14天種子T0顯著較處理七天短。 白馬朱蕉之葉斑形成機制為葉綠素型,於黃白色葉斑葉肉組織之葉綠素含量較少,亮葉朱蕉之葉斑形成機制為葉綠素型加色素型,於紫紅色葉斑處之葉肉組織沒有葉綠素,且於接近上下表皮之葉肉組織有紅色色素累積。"zh_TW
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dc.description.tableofcontents摘要 I Abstract III 表目錄 VIII 圖目錄 IX 前言(Introduction) 1 前人研究(Literature Review) 3 一、以GA3調節朱蕉等觀葉植物開花 3 二、花粉培養與雜交授粉 5 (一) 花粉培養基蔗糖濃度 5 (二) 花粉所處之環境與花粉貯藏 5 (三) 花朵開放天數與授粉適期 6 (四) 溫度對花粉活力及花粉管萌發之影響 7 三、自交不親合性及切花柱授粉 7 (一) 自交不親和性 7 (二) 切花柱授粉 8 四、種子之休眠 9 (一) 種子物理性休眠 9 (二) 生理性休眠及GA3處理 10 (三) 種子滲調處理 10 五、葉斑形成機制 11 六、葉斑與主脈顏色之遺傳 12 (一) 葉斑遺傳 12 (二) 主脈顏色遺傳 13 材料方法(Materials and Methods) 14 試驗一、處理5000 mg·L-1 GA3對朱蕉品種開花之影響 14 試驗二、以流式細胞儀檢定朱蕉品種之倍體數 15 試驗三、朱蕉品種於冬季及夏季之雜交授粉 16 試驗四、溫度對朱蕉花粉體外培養發芽率及柱頭可授性之影響 17 (一) 水浴溫度對朱蕉品系UN-22花粉體外培養發芽率之影響 17 (二) 日/夜溫30/25℃及35/30℃開花之亮葉朱蕉花粉體外發芽率 17 (三) 日/夜溫30/25℃及35/30℃對亮葉朱蕉柱頭可授性之影響 18 試驗五、朱蕉之切花柱自交授粉及體內花粉管生長觀察 18 (一) 朱蕉之切花柱自交授粉 18 (二) 朱蕉UN-22切花柱自交體內花粉管生長觀察 19 試驗六、GA3及滲調處理對朱蕉種子發芽之影響 19 (一) GA3對艷紅朱蕉× UN-22雜交種子發芽之影響 19 (二) PEG滲調水勢對艷紅朱蕉×UN-22雜交種子發芽之影響 20 (三) PEG處理時間對朱蕉UN-20×UN-19雜交種子發芽之影響 20 試驗七、朱蕉之葉斑成因與雜交後代性狀分離情形 21 (一) 白馬朱蕉及亮葉朱蕉之葉斑成因 21 (二) 朱蕉葉片性狀調查 21 試驗八、單株選拔 21 結果(Results) 23 試驗一、處理5000 mg·L-1 GA3對朱蕉品種開花之影響 23 試驗二、以流式細胞儀檢定朱蕉品種之倍體數 24 試驗三、朱蕉品種於冬季及夏季之雜交授粉 24 試驗四、溫度對朱蕉花粉體外培養發芽率及柱頭可授性之影響 25 (一) 水浴溫度對朱蕉品系UN-22花粉體外培養發芽率之影響 25 (二) 日/夜溫30/25℃及35/30℃開花之亮葉朱蕉花粉體外萌芽率 26 (三) 日/夜溫30/25℃及35/30℃對亮葉朱蕉柱頭可授性之影響 26 試驗五、朱蕉之切花柱自交授粉及體內花粉管生長觀察 26 (一) 朱蕉五個品種品系之切花柱自交授粉 26 (二) 朱蕉UN-22切花柱自交體內花粉管生長觀察 26 試驗六、GA3及滲調處理對朱蕉種子發芽之影響 27 (一) GA3對艷紅朱蕉× UN-22雜交種子發芽之影響 27 (二) PEG滲調水勢對艷紅朱蕉×UN-22雜交種子發芽之影響 27 (三) PEG處理時間對朱蕉UN-20×UN-19雜交種子發芽之影響 27 試驗七、朱蕉之葉斑成因與雜交後代性狀分離情形 27 (一) 白馬朱蕉及亮葉朱蕉之葉斑成因 27 (二) 朱蕉葉片邊緣性狀後代分離情形 28 (三) 朱蕉葉身有無紅色色素性狀後代分離情形 28 (四) 朱蕉葉柄有無紅色色素性狀後代分離情形 29 試驗八、單株選拔 29 討論(Discussion) 72 試驗一、處理5000 mg·L-1 GA3對朱蕉品種開花之影響 72 試驗二、以流式細胞儀檢定朱蕉品種之倍體數 74 試驗三、朱蕉品種於冬季及夏季之雜交授粉 75 試驗四、溫度對朱蕉花粉體外培養發芽率之影響 77 試驗五、朱蕉之切花柱自交授粉及體內花粉管生長觀察 78 試驗六、GA3及PEG滲調處理對朱蕉種子發芽之影響 80 (一) GA3對艷紅朱蕉 × UN-22雜交種子發芽之影響 80 (二) PEG滲調水勢對艷紅朱蕉×UN-22雜交種子發芽之影響 80 (三) PEG處理時間對朱蕉UN-20×UN-19雜交種子發芽之影響 81 試驗七、朱蕉之葉斑成因與雜交後代性狀分離情形 81 (一) 白馬朱蕉及亮葉朱蕉之葉斑成因 81 (二) 朱蕉葉片邊緣性狀後代分離情形 82 (三) 朱蕉葉身有無紅色色素性狀後代分離情形 82 (四) 朱蕉葉柄有無紅色色素性狀後代分離情形 83 參考文獻(References) 84
dc.language.isozh-TW
dc.subject葉斑形成zh_TW
dc.subject育種zh_TW
dc.subject種子滲調zh_TW
dc.subject花粉培養zh_TW
dc.subject觀葉植物zh_TW
dc.subjectfoliar variegation formationen
dc.subjectfoliage plantsen
dc.subjectseed primingen
dc.subjectbreedingen
dc.subjectpollen cultureen
dc.title朱蕉之開花調節及雜交授粉技術之研究zh_TW
dc.titleStudies of Flower Regulation and Hybridization Pollination of Cordylineen
dc.date.schoolyear109-2
dc.description.degree碩士
dc.contributor.oralexamcommittee楊雯如(Hsin-Tsai Liu),沈榮壽(Chih-Yang Tseng),陳彥銘
dc.subject.keyword育種,種子滲調,花粉培養,觀葉植物,葉斑形成,zh_TW
dc.subject.keywordbreeding,seed priming,pollen culture,foliage plants,foliar variegation formation,en
dc.relation.page95
dc.identifier.doi10.6342/NTU202103155
dc.rights.note同意授權(限校園內公開)
dc.date.accepted2021-09-14
dc.contributor.author-college生物資源暨農學院zh_TW
dc.contributor.author-dept園藝暨景觀學系zh_TW
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