請用此 Handle URI 來引用此文件:
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| DC 欄位 | 值 | 語言 |
|---|---|---|
| dc.contributor.advisor | 蕭大智(Ta-Chih Hsiao) | |
| dc.contributor.author | Jih-Hsun Yeh | en |
| dc.contributor.author | 葉日勛 | zh_TW |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2022-11-24T03:13:18Z | - |
| dc.date.available | 2021-11-04 | |
| dc.date.available | 2022-11-24T03:13:18Z | - |
| dc.date.copyright | 2021-11-04 | |
| dc.date.issued | 2021 | |
| dc.date.submitted | 2021-10-22 | |
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| dc.identifier.uri | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/80698 | - |
| dc.description.abstract | 在台灣,隨著都市化及工業化的發展,越來越多人會居住在道路旁或是工業區附近,這使得民眾對於自身空氣污染物的暴露風險評估也越來越重視。而排放因子作為暴露風險模擬的輸入參數之一,計算最符合實際污染狀況的排放因子就極其重要。 根據污染源本身的特性可以分為固定污染源以及移動污染源,固定污染源主要關注工業區的人為排放,而移動污染源主要就是交通源。過去對工業區料堆的排放因子主要參考EPA AP-42裡面的經驗公式,這個經驗公式只能以近似的狀況計算人為因素產生的揚塵而忽略自然因素,所以必須建立另一種方法來計算料堆排放因子來更符合實際的逸散量。過去對交通源排放因子的研究認為移動量測是最符合實際道路污染狀況的方法,然而,過去多是以單一排氣管量測的結果來換算為整條道路的車隊排放因子或是進行隧道量測這類封閉空間的量測,這些方法與實際道路狀況也有許多差異,所以計算實際開放道路的車隊排放因子也有其必要性。 本研究針對固定污染源利用高雄S工業區內部的固定測站的資料來進行分析,位於上游的A測站作為背景測站,而下游的C測站為受到逸散源影響的測站。從排放因子與風速之間的關係來觀察,PM2.5~10的排放因子具有兩種不同的揚塵行為,兩種都與風速呈指數遞增的關係,於是推測兩種行為皆是由風力所主導的揚起行為。然而,另一種揚起行為只出現在低風速的情況,透過其與CO通量的相關性可以推測這種行為除了自然因素揚起以外,人為擾動也有參與這類的揚起行為,而且相比於同風速的排放因子,這個情況的排放因子明顯較高,所以本研究認為這種行為是造成下游空氣品質劣化的主因。最後,由AP-42估計的排放因子與本研究比較,經驗公式並無法體現與天氣因素的變化,表示經驗公式存在某些限制而有辦法正確的體現實際的排放狀況。 針對移動污染源本研究使用實際的道路移動監測來計算台灣大道的車隊排放因子,並且以蒐集所有車輛排放的方式來對實際道路的車隊排放因子進行研究,並且透過量測的時間序列方法來估計背景濃度。本研究也透過二氧化碳的結果來分辨交通排放的煙流,並分析每縷煙流的黑炭、數目濃度以及NO的車隊排放因子。本研究計算的黑炭排放因子約為100~300 mg/kgfuel、數目濃度為5~32 1014#/kgfuel,NO約為4~17 g/kgfuel,之前的研究通常只分析單一因素與排放因子之間的關係,而本研究將所有可能的因素共同進行因子分析,以期找出造成污染的熱區以及時段的原因。經由因子分析的結果可以看到,所有污染物共同發生的熱區及時段都是在早上的山區,發生的原因也都與卡車這類重污染車輛的上坡行為導致,雖然屬於低機率事件,但是對整個排放因子的影響非常大,所以可以初步評估如果要改善台灣大道的交通排放,可以從大型重污染車輛的駕駛行為著手。 | zh_TW |
| dc.description.provenance | Made available in DSpace on 2022-11-24T03:13:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 U0001-1810202115060000.pdf: 7830297 bytes, checksum: 9f5f0d319d9a264aedf8c8adf256a40b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2021 | en |
| dc.description.tableofcontents | 誌謝 (I) 中文摘要 (II) ABSTRACT (IV) Content (VI) List of figures (VIII) List of tables (X) Chapter 1 Introduction (1) 1.1 Fugitive emission (2) 1.2 Traffic emission (5) 1.3 Objective (7) Chapter 2 Methods (8) 2.1 Experimental measurement (8) 2.1.1 Stationary monitoring site (8) 2.1.2 Mobile monitoring (10) 2.2 Estimation of Fugitive EF (13) 2.3 Estimation of Fleet-Averaged EF (15) 2.3.1 Definition of background (BKG) concentration (15) 2.3.2 Plume-based EF (16) Chapter 3 Results and Discussion (18) 3.1 Stationary monitoring data (18) 3.1.1 Overview of measurements (18) 3.1.2 Excess PM concentration (20) 3.1.3 Diel behavior of exceeding PM concentration (24) 3.2 Fugitive emission factors (26) 3.2.1 Effect of stockpile angle (26) 3.2.2 Effect of meteorological parameters (28) 3.2.3 Comparison with AP-42 empirical methods (33) 3.3 Mobile measurements (35) 3.3.1 Spatial and Temporal Distribution (35) 3.3.2 Concentration increment analysis (41) 3.4 Fleet-Averaged EF (46) 3.4.1 Black carbon (46) 3.4.2 Total number concentration (49) 3.4.3 Nitric oxide (51) Chapter 4 Conclusion and Recommendation (55) 4.1 Conclusion (55) 4.2 Recommendation (57) Reference (58) Supplemental Information (64) Appendix B Mobile monitoring results (spatial) (74) 口試委員意見回覆 (95) | |
| dc.language.iso | en | |
| dc.subject | 因子分析 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 交通源 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 逸散源 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 盒狀模式 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 排放因子 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | box model | en |
| dc.subject | Emission factor | en |
| dc.subject | Traffic emission | en |
| dc.subject | fugitive emission | en |
| dc.subject | factor analysis | en |
| dc.title | 對移動污染源及固定污染源的排放強度進行估計:以實際道路車隊及工業區料堆為例 | zh_TW |
| dc.title | Estimation of emission factors for mobile sources and stationary sources: The cases of real world vehicle fleet emission and coal pile in industrial area | en |
| dc.date.schoolyear | 109-2 | |
| dc.description.degree | 碩士 | |
| dc.contributor.oralexamcommittee | 周崇光(Hsin-Tsai Liu),林文印(Chih-Yang Tseng),黃柏仁 | |
| dc.subject.keyword | 排放因子,交通源,逸散源,盒狀模式,因子分析, | zh_TW |
| dc.subject.keyword | Emission factor,Traffic emission,fugitive emission,box model,factor analysis, | en |
| dc.relation.page | 100 | |
| dc.identifier.doi | 10.6342/NTU202103827 | |
| dc.rights.note | 同意授權(限校園內公開) | |
| dc.date.accepted | 2021-10-22 | |
| dc.contributor.author-college | 工學院 | zh_TW |
| dc.contributor.author-dept | 環境工程學研究所 | zh_TW |
| 顯示於系所單位: | 環境工程學研究所 | |
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