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| DC 欄位 | 值 | 語言 |
|---|---|---|
| dc.contributor.advisor | 李國譚(Kuo-Tang Li) | |
| dc.contributor.author | Szu-Ju Chen | en |
| dc.contributor.author | 陳思如 | zh_TW |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2022-11-23T09:11:00Z | - |
| dc.date.available | 2021-11-06 | |
| dc.date.available | 2022-11-23T09:11:00Z | - |
| dc.date.copyright | 2021-11-06 | |
| dc.date.issued | 2021 | |
| dc.date.submitted | 2021-09-01 | |
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| dc.identifier.uri | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/79778 | - |
| dc.description.abstract | "蓮霧(Syzygium samarangenes)為臺灣重要經濟果樹，於屏東沿海地區栽培之蓮霧‘大果’種，常於果實成熟時發生果萼端木栓化(Corky Calyx End, CCE)生理障礙，造成經濟損失。根據田間觀察，CCE好發於較大的果實或大果型的品種，以新梢旺盛植株較嚴重，且果園土壤鈉濃度或電導度值偏高。CCE果實萼片較短而薄、果萼周圍果皮環狀白化，病徵部位果肉維管束褐化及空洞化，果肉薄壁細胞叢狀死亡而遺留空胞。CCE被認為是果實缺鈣相關生理障礙，CCE果實近果蒂端及近果萼端的鈣濃度皆較正常果實低。 於好發CCE之蓮霧‘大果’種果園進行噴施鈣肥試驗，探討其對CCE之影響。於CCE好發之2013年產季，於謝花後至小果套袋前之果串，每週噴施一次0.2%硝酸鈣或0.2%氯化鈣+0.1%硼砂，連續處理4週，成熟果之CCE比率分別為1.1%及1.2%，遠低於對照組之24.0%；噴施0.2%硝酸鈣處理並不影響果重及品質相關特性。2014年之試驗對照組CCE發生率僅0.8%，噴鈣處理果實皆無CCE徵狀，各項品質特性與對照組無顯著差異。 探討蓮霧果實發育期間果實內木質部功能衰退樣態與發育期間鈣的累積及成熟果實中鈣濃度分布間的關聯，以了解果萼端鈣的獲得的時機。蓮霧‘大果’種果實的生長為典型的單S形曲線，相對生長速率及果實含水量高峰出現於吊鐘期進入轉色期時(盛花後第28至34天)，之後總可溶性固形物及果皮花青素含量快速增加，同時可滴定酸含量降低。近果萼端果肉木質部功能於相對生長速率高峰時驟降，轉色期後持續降低，至成熟時完全失去功能；鈣濃度於盛花後13天內增加，於相對生長速率高峰(盛花後第28至34天)時驟降，之後至成熟(盛花後第59天)前呈緩慢下降趨勢，然而果實總鈣含量至果實成熟前仍持續增加。成熟果實果皮和果肉鈣濃度皆由果蒂端往果萼端梯度下降，以果萼端果肉的鈣濃度為最低，此部位亦為CCE徵狀起始的區域，顯示果實內鈣濃度與木質部輸導功能變化有關。 為探討果實發育期間蒸散速率的變化是否造成木質部輸導阻礙，測試果實不同發育階段表皮蒸散速率之差異。發育中的蓮霧‘大果’種果實表面積可用果徑(D)推估，果實表面積估計值A=5.13 x D1.71。隨果實由胚仔期發育至成熟期，果實表面積由10.3增加至122.6 cm2，胚仔期至合臍期間，單位表面積蒸散速率由1.33 mg·cm2·h-1降至1.05 mg·cm2·h-1，之後緩慢增加，至果實成熟期為1.71 mg·cm2·h-1。果實轉色期後，果皮蒸散速率並未下降，顯示果皮蒸散作用非造成木質部輸導功能衰退的原因。 為了解果實鈣獲得的競爭力，探討果實和植株間的水分關係。蓮霧‘大果’種果實於吊鐘期(盛花後第29-35天)有明顯的日間果徑縮小現象，約於每日1400HR時達到當天果徑最小值，1600HR後果徑開始回升；果徑日間縮小現象於轉色期(盛花後第36-45天)後逐漸消失。樹冠噴霧處理對於果徑縮小幅度無顯著影響，而果實轉色期以前，若植株新葉旺盛，植株蒸散需求量大可能使果徑縮小更為明顯，應避免培育過多的新梢並應提早適量疏除嫩梢，以避免果實嚴重的暫時性缺水，影響鈣的獲得。" | zh_TW |
| dc.description.provenance | Made available in DSpace on 2022-11-23T09:11:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 U0001-1108202111223300.pdf: 4488236 bytes, checksum: 8c32fc06d01b936c2af1f9888de8db91 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2021 | en |
| dc.description.tableofcontents | 摘 要 i Abstract iii 目 錄 vi 表目錄 viii 圖目錄 ix 第一章 前人研究及論文假說 2 第一節 研究動機 2 第二節 常見果實缺鈣生理障礙及其生理特性 4 第三節 果實發育期間水分供應來源的變化與鈣的運送 12 第四節 影響蓮霧果實鈣累積的因子 15 第五節 論文假說 18 第二章 蓮霧果萼端木栓化徵狀及幼果期噴施鈣肥改善此生理障礙 23 前言 25 材料與方法 26 試驗一、蓮霧果萼端木栓化組織解剖及切片觀察 26 試驗二、木栓化與正常果實之鈣濃度分析 26 試驗三、幼果期噴施鈣肥對蓮霧果萼端木栓化及品質之影響 27 結果 28 討論 30 結論 32 第三章 蓮霧果實成熟過程中木質部功能衰退與果實品質特性變化及內部鈣濃度分布之關聯 41 前言 43 材料與方法 44 試驗一、果實發育期間品質相關特性、木質部功能及鈣濃度與含量的變化 44 試驗二、成熟果實中鈣濃度的分布 46 結果 47 試驗一、果實發育期間品質相關特性、木質部功能及鈣濃度與含量的變化 47 試驗二、成熟果實中鈣濃度的分布 48 討論 48 結論 50 第四章 蓮霧果實表面積及蒸散作用速率測量 58 前言 60 材料與方法 62 試驗一、建立三個不同品種蓮霧成熟果實之表面積估算方法 62 試驗二、建立蓮霧‘大果’種果實發育期間果實表面積之估算方法 62 試驗三、蓮霧‘大果’種不同發育階段之果實蒸散作用速率 63 結果與討論 63 結論 67 第五章 葉面噴霧對蓮霧果實發育期間日間果徑縮小的影響 77 前言 79 材料與方法 80 試驗一、蓮霧果實吊鐘期至成熟期果徑的日夜變化 80 試驗二、上午噴霧對於蓮霧果實於合臍期、吊鐘期及轉色期日間果徑縮小的影響 81 結果 81 討論 83 結論 88 第六章 綜合討論與結論 96 參考文獻 105 附錄一、試驗植株於果實合臍期(30 DAFB)及轉色期(51 DAFB)時葉片蒸散需求估算 121 附錄二、相關已發表文章 125 | |
| dc.language.iso | zh-TW | |
| dc.subject | 蒸氣壓差 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 質體外染劑追蹤法 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 缺鈣生理障礙 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 日間果徑縮小 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 線性位移感測器 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 表面積估算 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | fruit surface area estimation | en |
| dc.subject | fruit diurnal contraction | en |
| dc.subject | calcium deficiency disorder | en |
| dc.subject | vapor pressure deficit (VPD) | en |
| dc.subject | Apoplastic dye infusion method | en |
| dc.subject | linear variable displacement transducers (LVDT) | en |
| dc.title | 蓮霧果萼端木栓化生理障礙與果實水分生理之研究 | zh_TW |
| dc.title | Research on Corky Calyx End Disorder and Water Relation of Wax Apple (Syzygium samarangenes) Fruit | en |
| dc.date.schoolyear | 109-2 | |
| dc.description.degree | 博士 | |
| dc.contributor.coadvisor | 葉德銘(Der-Ming Yeh) | |
| dc.contributor.oralexamcommittee | 李金龍(Hsin-Tsai Liu),許仁宏(Chih-Yang Tseng),林慧玲,張哲嘉 | |
| dc.subject.keyword | 質體外染劑追蹤法,缺鈣生理障礙,日間果徑縮小,線性位移感測器,表面積估算,蒸氣壓差, | zh_TW |
| dc.subject.keyword | Apoplastic dye infusion method,calcium deficiency disorder,fruit diurnal contraction,linear variable displacement transducers (LVDT),fruit surface area estimation,vapor pressure deficit (VPD), | en |
| dc.relation.page | 132 | |
| dc.identifier.doi | 10.6342/NTU202102268 | |
| dc.rights.note | 同意授權(全球公開) | |
| dc.date.accepted | 2021-09-02 | |
| dc.contributor.author-college | 生物資源暨農學院 | zh_TW |
| dc.contributor.author-dept | 園藝暨景觀學系 | zh_TW |
| 顯示於系所單位： | 園藝暨景觀學系 | |
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