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| DC 欄位 | 值 | 語言 |
|---|---|---|
| dc.contributor.advisor | 張育森(Yu-Sen Chang) | |
| dc.contributor.author | Cheng-Hsuan Chen | en |
| dc.contributor.author | 陳正瑄 | zh_TW |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2022-11-23T09:04:54Z | - |
| dc.date.available | 2026-09-12 | |
| dc.date.available | 2022-11-23T09:04:54Z | - |
| dc.date.copyright | 2021-09-17 | |
| dc.date.issued | 2021 | |
| dc.date.submitted | 2021-09-13 | |
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| dc.identifier.uri | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/79601 | - |
| dc.description.abstract | "近年因氣候變遷影響，導致國內水資源有匱乏的危險。由於國內對玉米需求逐漸上升，發展適合玉米的節水灌溉策略更顯刻不容緩。本研究以玉米‘玉美珍’ (Zea mays ‘White Pearl’)作為試驗材料，欲應用兩種節水灌溉技術:調缺灌溉(regulated deficit irrigation, RDI)以及部分根區灌溉(partial root-zone drying irrigation, PRD)之灌溉效果。並分別對玉米的不同生長期，營養生長期與生殖生長期進行節水灌溉，以確定玉米‘玉美珍’的水分敏感期。最終希望透過添加生物刺激素，使植株能比未施用者更佳耐旱，並提升水分利用效率。 在節水灌溉技術試驗方面，將使用RDI與PRD，評估玉米在兩種灌溉條件：75%田間容水量、50%田間容水量的生長狀態與節水效益。結果顯示， RDI處理組的植株發育較PRD處理組為佳。淨光合作用速率、蒸散速率、光化學淬滅(photochemical quenching, qP)、電子傳遞速率(electron transport rate, ETR)等生理狀態也呈現相似趨勢。此外，以PRD進行節水灌溉(50%田間容水量)之經濟產量、WUEyield、WUEbiomass乃各處理組當中最高，分別為35.12 g、19.14 kg·m-3與25.82 kg·m-3。顯示玉米‘玉美珍’不僅可以適應50%田間容水量的灌溉條件，使用PRD處理可顯著提升果穗發育與水分利用效率，並省下70%左右的水資源。 在不同生長期節水試驗方面，將使用RDI與PRD在玉米營養生長期與生殖生長期，分別進行中度缺水(田間容水量50%)節水灌溉試驗。營養生長期節水試驗分別以RDI與PRD進行灌溉(處理代號為R50_75、P50_75)，生殖生長期節水試驗進行節水灌溉(處理代號為R75_50、P75_50)，夏季與秋冬季各試驗一次。結果顯示，夏季玉米進行PRD灌溉處理，其淨光合作用雖略低於RDI處理組，但P50_75處理組可獲得最佳的經濟產量與WUEyield，分別為55.51 g、11.8 kg·m-3。秋冬季結果顯示，P50_75處理組的經濟產量和WUEyield在各處理組當中最佳，分別是40.31 g、17.32 kg·m-3，且省水量達52%。此結果與夏季試驗相似。但R75_75處理組的株高與經濟產量為各處理組當中最低 ，僅28.89 g。綜合產量與植物生理的表現，顯示秋冬季時，玉米生長的需水量比夏季少，因此有較多的節水空間。 在生物刺激素試驗方面，以RDI進行輕度缺水(75%田間容水量)的處理組為對照組，在中度缺水(50%田間容水量)的PRD處理組中，加入甜菜鹼(50 mM)和幾丁質(2 g/kg)，並觀察玉米生長與產量之變化。結果顯示，添加甜菜鹼可以促進玉米發育，株高、總鮮重、根莖比、淨光合作用速率與蒸散速率等形態與生理指標，與對照組無異。但使用幾丁質或者複合使用兩個生物刺激素則沒有相似的效果。此外，添加甜菜鹼使玉米的最大光量子產量(maximum quantum yield, Fv/Fm)與ETR表現量有上升的趨勢，顯示甜菜鹼可以減緩植物因缺水產生的光抑制。幾丁質雖然在形態上無法觀察到促進玉米抗旱的效益，但葉綠素螢光的結果也指出，添加幾丁質具有減緩光抑制、提升ETR的益處。兩種生物刺激素之間的搭配與交互作用複雜，若要了解適合‘玉美珍’玉米的栽培濃度，需要進一步探討成本、生物刺激素之間的交互作用以及經濟產量的影響，方能研擬具備實際經濟效益的栽培管理方法。" | zh_TW |
| dc.description.provenance | Made available in DSpace on 2022-11-23T09:04:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 U0001-1209202119091900.pdf: 2776192 bytes, checksum: 7aca903807c0129355fa7aa3ec880c32 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2021 | en |
| dc.description.tableofcontents | 摘要 ii 目錄 vii 圖目錄 ix 表目錄 xi 第一章 前言(Introduction) 1 第二章 前人研究(Literature Review) 3 一、農業缺水困境的應對 3 (一)篩選、培育耐旱種作物 3 (二)植物水分利用效率指標與影響因子 5 二、農業節水技術 8 (一)調缺灌溉 8 (二)部分根區灌溉 9 (三)生物刺激素的發現與應用 10 三、葉綠素螢光的原理與應用 13 (一)葉綠素螢光原理 13 (二)葉綠素螢光指標 13 (三)葉綠素螢光的應用 16 第三章 節水灌溉技術對玉米生長與產量之影響 17 一、前言(Introduction) 17 二、材料與方法(Material and Methods) 18 試驗一 評估不同節水灌溉技術對玉米節水潛能與水分利用效率之效益 18 三、結果（Result） 22 四、討論（Discussion） 24 五、結論 (Conclusion) 26 第四章 不同生長期行節水灌溉對玉米水分利用效率之影響 35 一、 前言(Introduction) 36 二、材料與方法(Material and Methods) 36 試驗一夏季應用節水灌溉對不同生長階段玉米之影響 36 試驗二秋冬季應用節水灌溉對不同生長階段玉米之影響 40 三、結果(Result) 44 試驗一夏季應用節水灌溉對不同生長階段玉米之影響 44 試驗二秋冬季應用節水灌溉對不同生長階段玉米之影響 45 四、討論(Discussion) 47 試驗一 夏季應用節水灌溉對不同生長階段玉米之影響 47 試驗二 秋冬季應用節水灌溉對不同生長階段玉米之影響 49 五、結論(Conclusion) 51 第五章 外施生物刺激素對玉米水分利用效率之影響 68 一、前言 68 二、材料與方法 69 試驗一 外施生物刺激素對玉米水分利用效率之影響 69 三、結果(Result) 73 四、討論(Discussion) 75 五、結論 (Conclusion) 77 第六章 結論 (conclusion) 86 參考文獻（References） 87 附錄 102 | |
| dc.language.iso | zh-TW | |
| dc.title | 節水灌溉方法與生物刺激素對玉米‘玉美珍’生長發育之影響 | zh_TW |
| dc.title | Effects of Water-Saving Irrigation Methods and Biostimulants on the Growth and Development of Maize (Zea mays) ‘White Pearl’ | en |
| dc.date.schoolyear | 109-2 | |
| dc.description.degree | 碩士 | |
| dc.contributor.coadvisor | 林淑怡(Shu-I Lin) | |
| dc.contributor.oralexamcommittee | 林冠宏(Hsin-Tsai Liu),羅筱鳳(Chih-Yang Tseng) | |
| dc.subject.keyword | 調缺灌溉,部分根區灌溉,生物刺激素,乾旱逆境,葉綠素螢光, | zh_TW |
| dc.subject.keyword | regulated deficit irrigation,partial root-zone drying irrigation,biostimulant,drought stress,chlorophyll fluorescence, | en |
| dc.relation.page | 102 | |
| dc.identifier.doi | 10.6342/NTU202103133 | |
| dc.rights.note | 同意授權(全球公開) | |
| dc.date.accepted | 2021-09-13 | |
| dc.contributor.author-college | 生物資源暨農學院 | zh_TW |
| dc.contributor.author-dept | 園藝暨景觀學系 | zh_TW |
| dc.date.embargo-lift | 2026-09-12 | - |
| 顯示於系所單位： | 園藝暨景觀學系 | |
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