請用此 Handle URI 來引用此文件:
http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/7930
完整後設資料紀錄
DC 欄位 | 值 | 語言 |
---|---|---|
dc.contributor.advisor | 許晃雄(Huang-Hsiung Hsu),洪致文(Chih-wen Hung) | |
dc.contributor.author | Pei-ken Kao | en |
dc.contributor.author | 高培根 | zh_TW |
dc.date.accessioned | 2021-05-19T17:59:08Z | - |
dc.date.available | 2021-08-02 | |
dc.date.available | 2021-05-19T17:59:08Z | - |
dc.date.copyright | 2016-08-02 | |
dc.date.issued | 2016 | |
dc.date.submitted | 2016-07-28 | |
dc.identifier.citation | 羅資婷,2004:1950 年代東亞氣候突變。國立台灣大學大氣科學研究所碩士論文。
羅資婷,2010:1980年代晚期北半球冬季氣候轉移。國立台灣大學大氣科學所博士論文。 高培根,2008:1980年代初台灣北部東計降水劇增與東亞冬季季風之減弱。中國文化大學地學研究所大氣科學組碩士論文。 Alexander, M., J. Yin, G. Branstator, A. Capotondi, C. Cassou, R. Cullather, Y.-O. Kwon, J Norris, J. Scott, I. Wainer, 2006: Extratropical Atmosphere-Ocean Variability in CCSM3. Journal of Climate, 19, 2496-2525. Alexander, M., D. J. Vimont, P. Chang, J. D. Scott, 2010: The Impact of Extratropical Atmospheric Variability on ENSO: Testing the Seasonal Footprinting Mechanism Using Coupled Model Experiments. Journal of Climate, 23, 2885-2901. An, S. I., and B. Wang, 2000: Interdecadal change of the structure of ENSO mode and its impact on the ENSO frequency. Journal of Climate, 13, 2044-2055. Anderson, B. T., 2003: Tropical Pacific sea-surface temperatures and preceding sea level pressure anomalies in the subtropical North Pacific. Journal of Geophysical Researches, 108, 4732, doi:10.1029/2003JD003805. Ashok, K., S. Behera, A. S. Rao, H. Weng, and T. Yamagata, 2007: El Niño Modoki and its teleconnection. Journal of Geophysical Research, 112, C11007, doi:10.1029/2006JC003798. Chang, C. P., 2004: East Asian Monsoon Vol.2. World Scientific Series on Meteorology of East Asia. 564pp. Chang, C.-P., Y. Zhang, and T. Li, 2000: Interannual and interdecadal variations of the East Asian summer monsoon and tropical Pacific SSTs. Part II: Meridional Structure of the Monsoon. Journal of Climate, 13, 4326-4340. Chen,W., H. F. Graf, and R. H. Huang, 2001: The interannual variability of East Asian winter monsoon and its relation to the summer monsoon, Advances in Atmospheric Sciences, 17(1), 48–60. Chen, W. Y., and H. M. van den Dool, 1999: Significant change of extratropical natural variability and potential predictability associated with the El Nino/Southern Oscillation. Tellus, 51A, 790–802. Chiang, J. C. H., and D. J. Vimont, 2004: Analogous Pacific and Atlantic meridional modes of tropical atmosphere-ocean variability, Journal of Climate, 17, 4143– 4158. Chou, C., 2004: Establishment of the low-level wind anomalies over the western North Pacific during ENSO development, Journal of Climate., 17, 2195–2212. Clark, M. P., andM. C. Serreze, 2000: Effects of variations in East Asian snow cover on modulating atmospheric circulation over the North Pacific Ocean. Journal of Climate, 13, 3700–3710. Cui, X. P., and Z. B. Sun, 1999: East Asian winter monsoon index and its varation analysis. Journal of Nanjing Institute of Meteorology, 22, 321-325. (in Chinese). Fu, Q., C. M. Johanson, J. M. Wallace, and T. Reichler, 2006: Enhanced mid-latitude tropospheric warming in satellite measurements, Science, 312, 1179. Gao H., 2007: Comparison of East Asian winter monsoon indices. Advances in Geosciences, 10. 31–37. Giese, B. S., S. C. Urizar, and N. S. Fue`kar, 2002: Southern Hemisphere origins of the 1976 climate shift. Geophysical Research Letters, 29,1014,doi:10.1029/2001GL013268. Goldenberg, S. B., C. W. Landsea, A. M. Mestas-Nuñez, and W. M. Gray, 2001: The recent increase in Atlantic hurricane activity: Causes and implications, Science, 293, 474– 479. Gong D.Y. and S. W. Wang, 1999: Long-term variability of the Siberian High and the possible connection to global warming. ACTA GEOGRAPHICA SIN ICA, 54, 125-133. (in Chinese) Gong, D. Y., S. W. Wang, and J. H. Zhu, 2001: East Asian winter monsoon and Arctic Oscillation. Geophysical Research Letters, 28, 2073-2076. Gong, D., and C. Ho, 2002: Shift in the summer rainfall over the Yangtze River valley in the late 1970s. Geophysical Research Letters, 29(10), 1436, doi:10.1029/2001GL014523. Gong, G., D. Entekhabi, and J. Cohen, 2003: Modeled Northern Hemisphere winter climate response to realistic Siberian snow anomalies. Journal of Climate, 16, 3917–3931. Graham, N. E., 1995: Simulation of recent global temperature trends. Science, 267, 666– 671. Ho, C.-H., J.-J. Baik, J.-H. Kim, D.-Y. Gong, and C.-H. Sui, 2004: Interdecadal changes in summertime typhoon tracks. Journal of Climate, 17,1767-1776. Hori, M. E., and H. Ueda (2006), Impact of global warming on the East Asian winter monsoon as revealed by nine coupled atmosphere-oce an GCMs, Geophys . Res. Lett., 33, L03713, doi:10.1029/2005GL024961. Hori, M. E., and H. Ueda (2006), Impact of global warming on the East Asian winter monsoon as revealed by nine coupled atmosphere-oce an GCMs, Geophys . Res. Lett., 33, L03713, doi:10.1029/2005GL024961. Hori, M. E., and H. Ueda, 2006: Impact of global warming on the East Asian winter monsoon as revealed by nine coupled atmosphere-ocean GCMs, Geophysical Research Letters, 33,L03713, doi:10.1029/2005GL024961. Hsu, H.-H., Y.-L. Chen, and W.-S. Kau, 2001: Effects of oceanatmosphere nteraction on the winter temperature in Taiwan and East Asia, Climate Dynamics, 17, 305– 316. Hu, Z.-Z., L. Bengtsson and K. Arpe, 2000: Impact of the global warming on the Asian winter monsoon in a coupled GCM. Journal of Geophysical Research, 105, 4607-4624. Hung C. -w. and P.-k. Kao, 2010: Weakening of the Winter Monsoon and Abrupt Increase of Winter Rainfalls over Northern Taiwan and Southern China in the Early 1980s. Journal of Climate, 23, 2357-2367. Hurrell, J.W., 1995: Decadal trends in the North Atlantic Oscillation and relationships to regional temperature and precipitation. Science, 269, 676-679. Jeong, J., and C. Ho, 2005: Changes in occurrence of cold surges over east Asia in association with Arctic Oscillation, Geophysical Research Letters, 32, L14704, doi:10.1029/2005GL023024. Jhun, J. G. and E. J. Lee, 2004: A new East Asian winter monsoon index and associated characteristics of the winter monsoon. Journal of Climate, 17, 711–726. Kalnay, E., and Coauthors, 1996: The NCEP/NCAR 40-Year Reanalysis Project. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 77, 437–471, doi: 10.1175/1520-0477(1996)077 , 0437:TNYRP. 2.0.CO;2 Kang, L.H., W. Chen and K. Wei, 2006: The interdecadal variation of winter temperature in China and its relation to the anomalies in atmospheric general circulation. Climatic and Environmental Research, 11, 330-309. (in Chinese) Kao, H.-Y. and J.-Y. Yu, 2009: Contrasting Eastern-Pacific and Central-Pacific Types of ENSO. Journal of Climate, 22, 615-632, doi: 10.1175/2008JCLI2309.1. Kim, S. T., J.-Y. Yu, A. Kumar, and H. Wang, 2012: Examination of the Two Types of ENSO in the NCEP CFS Model and Its Extratropical Associations, Monthly Weather Review, 140, 1908-1923. Kimoto, M., 2005: Simulated change of the east Asian circulation under global warming scenario, Geophysical Research Letters, 32, L16701, doi:10.1029/2005GL023383. Krishnan R, and M. Sugi, 2003: Pacific decadal oscillation and variability of the Indian summer monsoon rainfall. Climate Dynamics, 21, 233-242. Kug, J.-S., F.-F. Jin, and S.-I.An, 2009: Two types of El Niño events: Cold tongue El Niño and warm pool El Niño. Journal of Climate, 22, 1499–1515. Lau, K. M., and M. T. Li, 1984: The monsoon of East Asia and its global associations-A survey. Bull. American Meteorological Society, 65, 114-125. Lau, N.-C., and M. J. Nath, 2000: Impact of ENSO on the variability of the Asian-Australian monsoons as simulated in GCM experiments, Journal of Climate., 13, 4287– 4309. Lau, N.-C., and M. J. Nath, 2003: Atmosphere-ocean variations in the Indo-Pacific sector during ENSO episodes, Journal of Climate, 16, 3 – 20. Lee, T., and M. J. McPhaden, 2010: Increasing intensity of El Niño in the central‐equatorial Pacific, Geophysical Research Letters, 37, L14603, doi:10.1029/2010GL044007. Li, F., and H. J. Wang, 2013: Relationship between Bering Sea ice cover and East Asian winter monsoon year-to-year variations. Advance Atmospheric. Scicence, 30(1), 48-56, doi: 10.1007/s00376-012-2071-2. Lo, T. T., and H. H. Hsu, 2008: The early 1950s regime shift in temperature in Taiwan and East Asia, Climate Dynamics, 31, 449-461. Lo, T.-T., Hsu H.-H. 2010: Change in the dominant decadal patterns and the late 1980s abrupt warming in the extratropical Northern Hemisphere. Atmospheric Science letters, 11, 210–215. Lu, J., G. A. Vecchi, and T. Reichler, 2007: Expansion of the Hadley cell under global warming, Geophysical Research Letters, 34, L06805, doi:10.1029/2006GL028443. Mantua, N.J., S.R. Hare, Y. Zhang, J.M. Wallace, and R.C. Francis, 1997: A Pacific decadal climate oscillation with impacts on salmon production, Bull. American Meteorological Society, 78, 1069-1079. Mantua, N. J. and S. R. Hare, 2002: The Pacific Decadal Oscillation. Journal of Oceanography, 58, 35-44. McPhaden, M. J., and D. Zhang, 2002: Slowdown of the meridional overturning circulation in the upper Pacific Ocean. Nature, 415, 603– 608. Miller, A. J., D. R. Cayan, and W. B. White, 1998: A westward-intensified decadal change in the North Pacific thermocline and gyre-scale circulation. Journal of Climate, 11, 3112-3127. Minobe, S., 1997: A 50–70-year climatic oscillation over the North Pacific and North America. Geophysical Research Letters, 24, 683–686. Mo, R. P., J. Fyfe, and J. Derome, 1998: Phase-locked and asymmetric correlations of the wintertime atmospheric patterns with the ENSO. Atmosphere.–Ocean, 36, 213–239. Nakamura, H., and T. Izumi, 2002: Interannual and decadal modulations recently observed in the Pacific storm-track activity and East Asian winter monsoon. Journal of Climate, 15, 1855–1874. Niebauer, H. J. 1998: Variability in Bering Sea ice cover as affected by a regime shift in the North Pacific in the period 1947-96. Journal of Geophysical Research, 103 (C12), 27,717- 27,737. Nitta, T. and S. Yamada, 1989: Recent warming of tropical sea surface temperature and its relationship to the Northern Hemisphere circulation. Journal of Meteorological. Society Japan, 67, 375-383. Overland, J. E., J. M. Adams and N. A. Bond, 1999: Decadal variability of the Aleutian Low and its relation to high-latitude circulation, Journal of Climate, 12, 1542-1548. Overland, J. E., M. Wang and N.A. Bond, 2002: On the Recent Temperature Changes in the Western Arctic during Spring. Journal of Climate, 15, 1702-1716. Petoukhov, V. and V. A. Semenov, 2010: A link between reduced Barents-Kara sea ice and cold winter extremes over northern continents, Journal of Geophysical Research, 115, D21111 Rodionov, S. N. 2004. A sequential algorithm for testing climate regime shifts. Geophysical Research Letters, 31, L09204; doi:10.1029/2004GL019448. Rodionov, S.N., and J. E. Overland, 2005: Application of a sequential regime shift detection method to the Bering Sea ecosystem. ICES Journal of Marine Science, 62, 328-332. Seager, R., Y. Kushnir, N. H. Naik, M. A. Cane, and J. Miller., 2001: Wind-driven shifts in the latitude of the Kuroshio-Oyashio extension and generation of SST anomalies on decadal timescales. Journal of Climate, 82, 4249-4265. Shi, N., 1996: Features of the East Asian winter monsoon intensity on multiple time scale in recent 40 years and their relation to climate, Journal of Applied Meteorology Science, 7(2). 175–182. (in Chinese) Shmakin, A.B., and V. V. Popova., 2006: Dynamics of climate extremes in northern Eurasia in the late 20th century. Izvestiya Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics, 42,157-166. Sun, S. Q. and B. M. Sun, 1995: The relationship between the anomalous winter monsoon circulation over East Asia and summer drought/flooding in the Yangtze and Huaihe River valley, Acta Meteorological Sinica, 57(4), 513–522. Tachibana, Y., M. Honda and K. Takeuchi, 1996: The abrupt decrease of the sea ice over the southern part of the Sea of Okhotsk in 1989 and its relation to the recent weakening of the Aleutian Low. Journal of Meteorological Society Japan, 74, 579-584. Tanimoto, Y., N. Iwasaka, K. Hanawa and Y. Toba, 1993: Characteristic variations of sea surface temperature with multiple time scales in the North Pacific. Journal of Climate, 6, 1153-1160. Thompson, D.W.J. and J.M. Wallace, 2000: Annular Modes in the Extratropical Circulation. Part I: Month-to-Month Variability. Journal of Climate, 13, 1000-1016 Thompson, D.W.J., J.M. Wallace, and G.C. Hegerl, 2000: Annular modes in the extratropical circulation. Part II: Trends. Journal of Climate, 13, 1018-1036. Trenberth, K. E., 1990: Recent observed interdecadal climate changes in the Northern Hemisphere. Bulletin American Meteorological Society, 71, 988-993. Trenberth, K. E. and J. W. Hurrell, 1994: Decadal atmosphere-ocean variations in the Pacific. Climate Dynamics, 9, 303-319. Trenberth, K. E., J. T. Fasullo, G. Branstator, and A. S. Phillips 2014: Seasonal aspects of the recent pause in surface warming. Nature Climate Change, 4, doi:10.1038/NCLIMATE2341. Uppala, S. M., and Coauthors, 2005: The ERA-40 Re-Analysis. Quarterly Journal of Royal Meteorological Society, 131, 2961–3012. Venzke, S., M. Munnich, and M. Latif, 2000: On the predictability of decadal changes in the North Pacific. Climate Dynamics, 16, 379-392. Vecchi, G. A., and B. J. Soden, 2007: Global warming and the weakening of the tropical circulation. Journal of Climate, 20, 4316–4340. Vimont, D. J., D. S. Battisti, and A. C. Hirst, Footprinting, 2001: A seasonal connection between the tropics and mid-latitudes, Geophysical Research Letters, 28, 3923y3926. doi: 10.1029/2002GL015924. Vimont, D. J., J. M. Wallace, and D. S. Battisti, 2003: The seasonal footprinting mechanism in the Pacific: Implications for ENSO, J. Clim., 16, 2668–2675. Walsh, J. E., W. L. Chapman, and T. L. Shy, 1996: Recent decrease of sea level pressure in the central Arctic. Journal of Climate, 9, 480–486. Wang, B., R. Wu, and X. Fu, 2000: Pacific–East Asian teleconnection: How does ENSO affect East Asian climate?, Journal of Climate, 13, 1517–1536. Wang, B., and Q. Zhang, 2002: Pacific–east Asian teleconnection. Part II: How the Philippine Sea anomalous anticyclone is established during El Niño development. Journal of Climate, 15, 3252–3265 Wang, B. Wu, J. Liu, C.-P. Chang, J. Li, and T.-J. Zhou, 2010: Another look at interannual-to-interdecadal variations of the east Asian winter monsoon: The northern and southern temperature modes. Journal of Climate, 23, 1495–1512 Wang B, Wu Z, Chang C-P, Liu J, Li J, Zhou T, 2010: Another look at interannual-to-interdecadal variations of the East Asian winter monsoon: the northern and southern temperature modes. Journal of Climate, 23, 1495–1512 Watanabe, M. and Nitta, T., 1999:Decadal changes in the atmospheric circulation and associated surface climate variations in the Northern Hemsphere winter, Journal of Climate, 12, 494-510. Webster, P. J., V. O. Magana, T. N. Palmer, J. Shukla, R. A. Tomas, M. Yanai, and T. Yasunari, 1998: Monsoons: Processes, predictability, and the prospects for prediction. Journal of Geophysical Research, 103(C7), 14451–14510. Wu, B.Y., J. Wang, 2002: Winter Arctic Oscillation, Siberia High and East Asian Winter Monsoon. Geophysical Research Letters, 29, 1897–1990. Wu B Y, Su J Z and Zhang R H., 2011: Effects of autumn-winter Arctic sea ice on winter Siberian High. Chinese Science Bulletin, 56, 3220-3228, doi:10.1007/s11434-011-4696-4 Wu, R., and B. Wang, 2002: A Contrast of the East Asian Summer Monsoon and ENSO Relationship between 1962-1977 and 1978-1993. Journal of Climate, 15, 3266-3279. Xie, S.-P. and S.G.H. Philander, 1994: A coupled ocean-atmosphere model of relevance to the ITCZ in the eastern Pacific. Tellus, 46A, 340-350. Xu, M, H. Xu and J. Ma, 2016: Responses of the East Asian winter monsoon to global warming in CMIP5 models. International Journal of Climatology, 36, 2139-2155. Yasunaka, S., K. Hanawa, 2002: Regime shifts found in the Northern Hemisphere SST field. Journal of Meteorological Society Japan, 80, 119-135. Yu, J.-Y., P.-k. Kao, H Paek, H.-H. Hsu, C.-w. Hung, M.-M. Lu, S.-I. An, 2015: Linking Emergence of the Central-Pacific El Nino to the Atlantic Multi-decadal Oscillation, Journal of Climate, 28, 651-662, doi: 10.1175/JCLI-D-14-00347.1. Yu., J.-Y., and H.-Y. Kao, 2007: Decadal changes of ENSO persistence barrier in SST and ocean heat content indices: 1958-2001. J. Geophys. Res., 112, D13106, doi:10.1029/2006JD007654. Yu., J.-Y., M.-M. Lu, and S. T. Kim, 2012: A change in the relationship between tropical central Pacific SST variability and the extratropical atmosphere around 1990, Environmental Research Lettters, 7, doi:10.1088/1748-9326/7/3/034025. Yu., J.-Y., H.-Y. Kao, T. Lee, and S. T. Kim, 2011: Subsurface Ocean Temperature Indices for Central-Pacific and Eastern-Pacific Types of El Niño and La Niña Events. Theoretical and Applied Climatology, 103, 337-344, DOI: 10.1007/s00704-010-0307-6. Yu., J.-Y., and S. T. Kim, 2011: Relationships between Extratropical Sea Level Pressure Variations and the Central-Pacific and Eastern-Pacific Types of ENSO, Journal of Climate, 24, 708-720. Yu., J.-Y., Y. Zou, S. T. Kim, and T. Lee, 2012: The Changing Impact of El Nino on US Winter Temperatures, Geophysical Research Letters, doi:10.1029/2012GL052483. Zhang, Y., J.M. Wallace, D.S. Battisti, 1997: ENSO-like interdecadal variability: 1900-93. Journal of Climate, 10, 1004-1020. | |
dc.identifier.uri | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/7930 | - |
dc.description.abstract | 在過去的許多研究往往使用單一指數來定義東亞冬季季風的強度,本論文找出高緯度至低緯度地區,其北風分別有年代際變化、突變與減弱趨勢。第一個機制為阿留申低壓的東移,而使得高緯度東亞沿岸地區的冬季向西海平面氣壓梯度與冬季低層北風減弱,而阿留申低壓的東移是由於太平洋年代際震盪的相位轉換所致。第二個機制為位於中緯度北風的突變,其原因為北極震盪在1980年代晚期後轉為正相位並持續十幾年,使得東亞主槽減弱,並使得中緯度東亞沿岸地區的冬季溫度增加與低層北風減弱。第三個機制為,在低緯度地區的東北季風,其年代際變化之部份是由於太平洋年代際震盪轉為正相位,並在菲律賓產生一反氣旋式環流距平,進而使得東亞沿岸低緯度地區的北風減弱。而在長期的減弱趨勢方面,第四個機制可能是因為大西洋多重年代際震盪在1990年代初期轉為正相位,使得中太平洋聖嬰發生頻率增加,進而讓位於南中國海北部與臺灣東方海面的冬季反氣旋式環流的位置發生改變,低緯度地區的低層冬季北風在1990年代之後轉為南風。本研究認為單一指數與單一機制是不足以描繪及解釋跨越低緯度至高緯度地區的東亞冬季季風系統,本研究提出的四種機制才可解釋位於不同緯度的東亞冬季季風,其年代際變化、突變以及減弱趨勢。 | zh_TW |
dc.description.abstract | The intensity of East Asian winter monsoons (EAWM) is represented by a single EAWM index in many previous works. This study finds a decadal variation, abrupt change and a weakening trend of northerly wind in EAWM in different areas over latitudes along the East Asia Coast. The first mechanism of the northern part of the East Asia Coast is influenced by the forcing from the middle latitudes during 1950s to 2000s and related to the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO). I propose that the decreased EAWM in the recent decades is associated with the change of pressure gradient along the East Asia coast. This mechanism accounts for the change of the westward sea-level pressure (SLP) gradient along the Northeast Asia coast, and is affected by the location of Aleutian low, which is associated with the phases shift of the PDO. As the Aleutian low is influenced by the negative PDO phase and moves westward, the SLP gradient between the Siberian high and the Aleutian low can increase and the northerly wind at 850 hPa will be enhanced. The second mechanism accounts for the phase change of the Arctic Oscillation (AO) after the late 1980s. When the AO is in its positive phase, the low-level northerly wind from South Korea to northern Taiwan and the East Asian trough weaken. The third mechanism of the decadal variation of the northerly wind in the lower latitude is associated with the positive phase of PDO and the location change of the anti-cyclonic circulation center over the southern China. The positive phase of the PDO induces a low-level anti-cyclonic anomalous circulation against the EAWM in the lower latitudes. On the other hand, the forth mechanism accounts for the increased occurrence of Central-Pacific El Niño copes with the phase change of Atlantic Multi-decadal Oscillation (AMO) in early 1990. The anti-cyclonic circulation moves eastward and produces southwesterly wind over the northern part of the South China sea when the Central-Pacific El Niños increase. Therefore the EAWM has weakened in recent decades. This study argues that neither a single EAWM index nor only one mechanism can explain the whole process of the weakening of EAWM over the East Asia Coast from the tropics to the middle latitudes. The four mechanisms provided by this study can explain the decadal variation, abrupt change and the weakening of EAWM at different latitudes. | en |
dc.description.provenance | Made available in DSpace on 2021-05-19T17:59:08Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ntu-105-D98229002-1.pdf: 51527169 bytes, checksum: 44802386f18107518d28f65602f561a0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016 | en |
dc.description.tableofcontents | 口試委員會審定書····~1~
誌謝················~2~ 摘要················~3~ Abstract ···········~4~ 目錄················~6~ 圖表目錄············~7~ 第一章 前言·······························1 1-1 文獻回顧···························1 1-2 研究動機···························6 1-3 論文架構···························7 第二章 資料來源與研究方法··················11 2.1 資料來源···························11 2.2 研究方法···························12 第三章 不同緯度最大向西海平面氣壓梯度·················16 3.1 東亞冬季季風之氣候平均場······················16 3.2 最大向西海平面氣壓梯度位於東亞沿岸············18 3.3 小結··········································19 第四章 東亞冬季季風的年代際變化·······················24 4.1 東北亞北風與西伯利亞高壓······················24 4.2 阿留申低壓與太平洋年代際震盪··················25 4.3 小結與討論····································27 第五章 東亞冬季季風的突變·····························35 5.1 北風與東亞主槽的突變······························35 5.2 北極震盪··········································36 5.3 小結··············································38 第六章 東南亞冬季季風的減弱趨勢·······················46 6.1 東南亞冬季季風的年代際變化························46 6.2 東南亞冬季季風環流改變····························47 6.3 小節與討論········································50 第七章 結論與討論·····································65 參考文獻···············································74 | |
dc.language.iso | zh-TW | |
dc.title | 東亞冬季季風:年代際變化、突變與減弱趨勢 | zh_TW |
dc.title | The East Asian Winter Monsoon: Decadal Variation, Abrupt Change and Weakening Trend | en |
dc.type | Thesis | |
dc.date.schoolyear | 104-2 | |
dc.description.degree | 博士 | |
dc.contributor.oralexamcommittee | 盧孟明(Mong-Ming Lu),洪志誠(Chi-Cherng Hong),陳正達(Cheng-Ta Chen),翁叔平(Shu-Ping Weng),吳明進(Ming-Chin Wu) | |
dc.subject.keyword | 東亞冬季季風,年代際變化,突變,趨勢,太平洋年代際震盪,北極震盪,中太平洋聖嬰, | zh_TW |
dc.subject.keyword | East Asian winter monsoon,decadal variation,abrupt change,trend,Pacific Decadal Oscillation,Arctic Oscillation,Central-Pacific El Nino, | en |
dc.relation.page | 84 | |
dc.identifier.doi | 10.6342/NTU201601377 | |
dc.rights.note | 同意授權(全球公開) | |
dc.date.accepted | 2016-07-28 | |
dc.contributor.author-college | 理學院 | zh_TW |
dc.contributor.author-dept | 大氣科學研究所 | zh_TW |
顯示於系所單位: | 大氣科學系 |
文件中的檔案:
檔案 | 大小 | 格式 | |
---|---|---|---|
ntu-105-1.pdf | 50.32 MB | Adobe PDF | 檢視/開啟 |
系統中的文件,除了特別指名其著作權條款之外,均受到著作權保護,並且保留所有的權利。