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標題: | 收養前準備與兒少最佳利益:收養父母與社工人員觀點之探究 Pre-adoption Preparation and the Best Interests of the Child: Perspectives of Adoptive Parents and Social Workers |
作者: | Chin-Wan Wang 王青琬 |
指導教授: | 陳毓文(Yu-Wen Chen) |
關鍵字: | 收出養,共同生活期,兒少最佳利益,收養家庭,依附理論, pre-adoption preparation,pre-adoption placement,adoptive parents,the best interests of the child,attachment theory, |
出版年 : | 2019 |
學位: | 博士 |
摘要: | 「收養」是兒少保護系統中的替代性福利服務,自2012年5月30日開始,非親屬收養一定要經由收出養機構媒合,立基於「兒少最佳利益」,以維護孩子在收出養歷程中的權益。本研究旨在探討現行台灣「收養前準備」的服務內涵,與過程中所衍生出來「兒少最佳利益」的討論。採用質性研究方法,從「收養前準備」之三大階段:親職準備與評估審查、媒合漸進與共同生活期,與法院裁定過程,了解收養父母與社工專業人員的服務經驗。其中,亦特別關注「共同生活期」親子依附關係的建立,以進一步探究當孩子來到收養家庭,所面臨的適應與挑戰。研究者採用半結構深度訪談法,共訪談了10位收出養專業人員與14組收養家庭(16位收養父母),按照時間軸,從收養前準備的三大階段,梳理出收養父母與社工專業人員的服務經驗歷程。
本研究的主要發現有四: 1. 「收養前準備」是基於兒少最佳利益的制度設計,但過程中社工專業的角色「評估」多於「支持」,固然能審慎為孩子把關,卻不利與收養父母建立正向的專業夥伴關係。 2. 第一階段:「漸趨嚴格的親職準備與評估審查」,導致「等待期」過長,因而可能增加收養失敗的風險。 3. 第二階段:「共同生活期」係為促進親子依附關係之建立; 然而,在實務上,由於「共同生活期的評估」形成一道關卡,阻礙收養家庭獲得適切的資源與支持性服務,準收養父母須獨力因應親職壓力與生活適應的挑戰 4. 第三階段:社工專業從原本為法官委託調查訪視的角色,逐漸發展出相輔相成的合作模式,共同維護「兒少最佳利益」,然仍需更多的對話與交流,以利減少收養前服務輸送的弊端,為收養後續服務增加更多的助益。 最後,根據研究結果整理出政策面、實務面與研究面的建議,以供未來收出養議題相關研究之參考。 Adoption is an alternative welfare service in the child protection system. Since May 30, 2012, non-relative adoption must be processed by social agencies, in order to uphold children’s rights and well-being. This study is aimed to explore Taiwan's 'pre-adoption preparation' and the discussion of 'the best interests of the child' during the three phases of “pre-adoption preparation”: parental preparation and assessment, match and pre-adoption placement, and court order process. Semi-structured interviews with adoptive parents and social workers were conducted (10 social workers and 16 adoptive parents). More attention is paid on the attachment between adoptive parent and child during the ' pre-adoption placement'. Findings from the analysis indicated that: 1. 'Pre-adoption preparation' services are based on the best interests of the child. However, during the service delivery, social workers provided more 'assessment' than 'support'. It seemed harmful to establish positive professional partnership with prospective adoptive parents. 2. The first phase: “increasingly strict parental preparation and assessment ” leads to a longer “waiting period” , which may increase the risk of adoption disruption. 3. The second phase: “pre-adoption placement” is to promote attachment between adoptive parents and adopted child; however, because of “the assessment of pre-adoption placement” may obstruct adoptive families from obtaining appropriate resources and supportive services. 4. The third stage: the social workers have gradually developed a collaboration with court, from early the role of t investigation and home visit by court order. However, more dialogue and interaction will be needed, to enhance pre-adoption services and might also benefit for post-adoption services. Finally, the study concluded with important implications for policies, practice and research related to adoption issues, to enhance the service delivery of pre-adoption preparation. |
URI: | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/78502 |
DOI: | 10.6342/NTU201904105 |
全文授權: | 有償授權 |
顯示於系所單位: | 社會工作學系 |
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