Open Banking價值鏈分析與微服務資訊平台之建構

Abstract

Fintech興起，加速了金融業的競爭，也改變了金融產業價值鏈的型態。藉由數位科技，可在數位架構建立開放平台，藉由生態圈的合作，讓銀行擴大服務範圍，深入到消費者生活上的各個環節，可突破限制，創造出更大的價值生活圈。 本研究探討Open banking的作法與研究，並進行Open Banking的價值鏈分析。同時探討因應Open Banking的發展，銀行IT基礎架構如何朝向微服務平台做建構，以提供靈活、彈性與擴充性。同時以金控內部應用系統為案例，進行模組的拆解與微服務模式建構，作為實務應用心得。 首先討論金融產業的價值鏈，以及Open Banking形態下，金融產業前中後台分工模式的解構，以及API經濟圈的形成。並探討銀行如何將既有的服務，分解成API元件，提供給合作夥伴使用，形成生態圈的結盟服務。 接者討論Open Banking的發展狀況，以及國內主要業者在Open Banking的發展策略。接著探討個案銀行的數位策略，以及金融產業的Open Banking價值鏈，以及相關服務模型。故在Open Banking的策略中，第三方結盟的活動，為價值鏈中重要的一環。 配合業務面的策略，金融業的資訊服務平台，也要能夠跟上商業模式的移轉、以及創新者的腳步。將資訊系統以微服務架構的模式運作，能支應API的快速發展，並加速服務擴充，及時提供最佳服務支援。於是以個案銀行做例子，探討如何對既有系統做價值鏈分析，並挑選主要應用，進行API元件化、微服務化的導入，以做為微服務架構的實踐。 在Open Banking金融數據共享下，產業形成互利共榮的金融生態圈。在新型態的商業模式中，如何尋找場域，整合外界資源，是必要的課題。銀行如何深化與生態圈的應用整合，並搭配IT基礎建設的彈性化與微服務化，期望能在生態版圖中，共同打造Open Banking的生態圈，建立整體產業優勢。

The rise of Fintech has accelerated competition and transformed the value chain in the finance industry. Digital technologies can be used to establish open platforms under a digital framework, and the scope of a bank’s services can be expanded through collaboration in the financial ecosystem; these can, in turn, result in the permeation of these banking services to various aspects of the consumer’s life. Such expansion can ultimately transcend current limitations and create greater value for consumers. In this study, we examined the practices and research of Open Banking and conducted a value chain analysis of Open Banking. Additionally, we examined how banks, seeking to provide flexible and expandable services, have been improving their information-technology (IT) infrastructure toward microservice platforms in response to developments in Open Banking. Lastly, to make our results have greater practical applicability, as a case study, we deconstructed modules and constructed microservice models using the internal application system of a financial holding company. We first discussed the value chain of the financial industry, the decomposition of front-, middle- , and back-end functions of the financial industry, and the formation of the application program interface (API) economy. We also explored how banks can decompose existing services into API elements and provide these API elements for collaborating partners to use, facilitating alliance services in the financial ecosystem. Subsequently, we discussed the development of Open Banking, and the strategies of major domestic players with respect to respect to this development. Then, we explored the digital strategies adopted by the bank of our case study, the Open Banking value chain of the financial industry, and the relevant service models. Therefore, in strategies related to Open Banking, activities that involve a third-party alliance constitutes an important element in the value chain. To synergize with the business strategies, the information service platform of the finance industry must be able to keep up with the pace of innovators and transformation in the business model. Operating the information services under the microservice framework can support the rapid development of APIs and accelerate the speed of service expansion, thereby facilitating timely provision of optimal service support. Therefore, in our case study, we illustrated first, how a value chain analysis is best performed on an existing system and second, how the major applications are best selected (for the componentization of API and the introduction of microservice). These best practices potentially enable the implementation of microservice frameworks. With the sharing of financial data through Open Banking, the industry has formed a financial ecosystem that has resulted in mutual benefit and common prosperity. How domains can be found and how external resources can be integrated are both crucial issues under this new business model. We aimed to identify the optimal approach for banks to strengthening application integration with the ecosystem, as well as to capitalizing on flexible IT infrastructure and microservice. Thus, an Open Banking ecosystem can be co-established by banks in the landscape, which will then create an advantage for the industry as a whole.