都市自主更新前期財務機制研究 － 以海砂屋社區重建為例

Abstract

本研究係以實務之角度操作，探討海砂屋自主更新前期財務策略，主要透過文獻資料，回顧探討台灣都市更新發展歷程及演進，研究都市更新相關推動方式，包括探討都市更新實施實體、都市更新實施流程及實施方式，並蒐集都市更新財務機制，進而探討相關自主更新及自主更新社區財務機制分析，以及分析新北市自主更新發展及海砂屋自主更新案例之前期財務課題，最後，透過孰悉海砂屋自主更新操作經驗之專家訪談，歸納自主更新前期財務策略關鍵，據以研提海砂屋自主更新前期財務策略，並就自主更新案例進行前期財務規劃模擬確認。 本研究除建議地方政府由原定額補助海砂屋自主更新之消極被動方式，改引用「都市危險及老舊建築物加速重建條例」條文規定，積極引導金融機構充沛資源延伸投入至海砂屋自主更新之前期財務支援，如此不僅降低海砂屋自主更新案前期財務負擔，擴大金融機構參與都市更新金融業務範疇，節約地方政府「都市更新發展基金」補助款，更可勻用政府節約之珍貴資源至其他事務（如協助中低收入住戶參與自主更新…等）。 本研究亦建議，海砂屋自主更新社區住戶社經條件可能不同，不宜僅以單一財務選擇方式提供社區住戶選擇，故規劃考量內部住戶多元財務選擇彈性，由住戶依自身財務條件選擇適合之自主更新參與方式，如「全程出資型（自建）」、「階段墊資型（類代理實施）」及「全程墊資型（類合建）」等方式參與外，甚至亦可鼓勵住戶如財務能力所及，增加額外投資協助更新會完成籌資，如此善用社區內部資源，不僅有助於社區內部共識建立，加速自主更新意見整合，更可降低對外部第三方投資之依賴及需求，加速海砂屋拆除重建。

This research is conducted from a practical point of view to discuss the financial strategy of reconstruction of self-organized urban renewal on the preliminary stage of high-chloride concrete buildings. It mainly study the financial mechanism of urban renewal, explore the financial issues from the cases in the New Taipei City area, and then through the expert interviews to conducted the financial strategy for the preliminary stage of reconstruction of high-chloride concrete buildings. This research suggests that the government should actively guide the financial institutions to provide financial support for the reconstruction project of self-organized urban renewal of high-chloride concrete buildings. This study also suggests that the financial strategy on the preliminary stage should considers the flexibility of community households' choices based on their own financial conditions, such as 'self-funding type ', 'stage funding type ' and 'full-process funding type'. Through the financial strategy on the preliminary stage suggested by this study will not only accelerate the integration of community opinions, but also accelerate reconstruction of self-organized urban renewal high-chloride concrete buildings.