基於產品末期處理方式以及拆卸成本效益值分析的平行拆卸序列規劃

Abstract

由於目前科技進步快速，產品的生命週期變的越來越短，導致產生許多的產品廢棄物，而這些廢棄物若沒有經過適當的處理將會對環境造成汙染以及危害。為了解決此問題，在產品設計的初期必須導入綠色設計的概念，而綠色設計中產品拆卸規劃扮演一個重要的角色。在拆卸規劃中，平行拆卸能同時拆出多個零件因而減少不必要的拆卸成本。本研究利用產品模組化來達成平行拆卸。在模組化部分，本研究考量了零件之間的物理連結關係、材料兼容性以及產品末期處理方式將產品模組化。之後利用零件之間的幾何參數矩陣來找出拆卸模組，並且找出每個模組的拆卸群，利用基因演算法中的突變機制找出拆卸群的最佳拆卸序列，並且利用每個拆卸群的最佳拆卸序列來組成產品的最佳拆卸序列。最後，依照每個拆卸序列停止點的成本效益值以及環境危害值來找出最佳的拆卸停止點。

In recent years, life cycle of a product is getting shortened because of advanced production technology and rapidly changed consumer trends. A large number of consumer wastes might generate toxic substances and pollute our environment. To reduce the pollution, green design is becoming an important part of product development. Disassembly planning is a key element of green design, and using parallel disassembly can reduce the extra disassembly cost. To implement parallel disassembly, product modularization is a good method to disassemble components in the same time. Components’ physical connection relationship, material relationship and end-of-life (EOL) operation relationship are considered to form EOL modules. Then, geometric matrix is used to change the EOL modules to the disassembly modules. Disassembly groups for each disassembly module are generated, and then genetic algorithm’s mutation operator is used to find the optimal disassembly sequence. Using the optimal disassembly sequences of the disassembly groups, the final optimal disassembly sequence for the product can be generated. Finally, the optimal disassembly stopping point of the final disassembly sequence can be found based on the disassembly cost-benefit and the environment impact of the product.