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DC 欄位 | 值 | 語言 |
---|---|---|
dc.contributor.author | Shang-Ta Yang | en |
dc.contributor.author | 楊尚達 | zh_TW |
dc.date.accessioned | 2021-07-01T08:21:02Z | - |
dc.date.available | 2021-07-01T08:21:02Z | - |
dc.date.issued | 1998 | |
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dc.identifier.uri | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/76392 | - |
dc.description.abstract | 小家鼠(Mus musculus)為廣佈於世界各地的小型鼠類。在台灣主要分佈在人類活動的環境中;尤其是各地農會的穀倉,往往有小家鼠族群棲於其中。本研究即以小家鼠粒線體DNA控制區為遺傳標記,以定序和PCR-SSCP的方法進行研究;一方面評估SSCP分析法在族群遺傳應用上的可行性,另一方面以所得序列資料推估台灣各穀倉小家鼠族群的遺傳結構,同時探究台灣小家鼠的分類地位、可能起源與演化歷史等問題。 在台灣小家鼠控制區序列上,研究中共發現有13種單倍基因型(haplotype),其中除預期中的M. m. castaneus亞種外,尚發現有M. m. domesticus的控制區基因型存在;此外,有四種M. m. castaneus基因型在控制區內含有76個鹼基為單位的反覆重複片段,因此造成基因型彼此間有長度多型性。定序結果亦顯示,控制區5'端的高度變異區,在區分不同的基因型上,便提供了足夠的訊息。 以控制區5'端高度變異區內片段序列,進行SSCP以及PCR-RFLP分析。綜合兩法後,在13種基因型中,有10種基因型可準確彼此區分。利用定序資料,加上SSCP以及PCR-RFLP分析的結果,我們檢測出29個採樣族群(n=367)中控制區基因型的分佈。其中18個族群,在族群內僅具單一基因型;顯示小家鼠族群可能受到開拓者效應(founder effect)或瓶頸效應(bottleneck effect)所影響。以採樣族群的角度來看時,部份鄰近族群有遺傳組成相異的高度分化現象,顯示其間基因交流可能受阻;但將本島族群歸併成東北、西北、中部、西南以及東部五個地理區域時,鄰近地理區域間分化程度則仍較不鄰近區域間低。考慮中央山脈隔離效應後計算區域間地理距離,則發現區域間遺傳距離與地理距離間,有顯著的正相關,符合isolation by distance模式。 由ΦST值以及族群的親緣關係樹均可發現,金門地區與台灣東南部以外的各地理區域之間,分化程度不高;推測兩地族群可能來源相同,均源自大陸地區。相對而言,本島東南部(花蓮、台東族群)則與其他地區有較高的分化程度;這顯示中央山脈對小家鼠基因交流的隔絕有相當的影響;另外由基因型組成推測,東南族群的小家鼠,其來源、拓殖歷史可能都與其他區域族群相異。 | zh_TW |
dc.description.provenance | Made available in DSpace on 2021-07-01T08:21:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 1998 | en |
dc.description.tableofcontents | 目次………………………………………………………………………………………………………i 摘要………………………………………………………………………………………………………iv 前言 1.小家鼠簡介……………………………………………………………………………………………1 1.1 小家鼠的分類及分佈情況…………………………………………………………………………1 1.2 小家鼠的社會結構以及播遷行為…………………………………………………………………2 1.3 台灣的小家鼠………………………………………………………………………………………4 2.粒線體DNA簡介………………………………………………………………………………………5 2.1 動物粒線體DNA之組成及控制區簡介……………………………………………………………5 2.2 動物粒線體DNA的演化……………………………………………………………………………7 2.3 粒線體DNA應用於小家鼠演化以及分類上的研究………………………………………………9 2.4 應用PCR-SSCP分析法在以粒線體DNA為遺傳標記的演化相關研究上…………………………10 3.研究目標………………………………………………………………………………………………11 材料與方法 1.樣本採集及保存………………………………………………………………………………………12 2.DNA粗萃取……………………………………………………………………………………………12 3.控制區DNA定序………………………………………………………………………………………13 3.1 定序反應物之製備…………………………………………………………………………………13 3.2 定序反應之進行……………………………………………………………………………………15 4.PCR-SSCP分析…………………………………………………………………………………………16 4.1 PCR產物之製備……………………………………………………………………………………16 4.2 SSCP膠體電泳及染色………………………………………………………………………………16 4.3 以DNA定序證實SSCP分析的結果…………………………………………………………………17 4.4 以PCR-RFLP輔助判斷未定序樣本的基因型………………………………………………………18 5.分析樣本之選取及數量………………………………………………………………………………18 6.資料分析………………………………………………………………………………………………19 6.1 序列分析與基因型親緣關係樹的重建……………………………………………………………19 6.2 以序列資料分析台灣小家鼠的族群結構…………………………………………………………20 6.2.1 族群內遺傳組成多型性的估算………………………………………………………………20 6.2.2 族群間分化程度的估算………………………………………………………………………22 6.2.3 族群分化程度與地理距離的相關性…………………………………………………………25 結 果 1.整段控制區定序的結果………………………………………………………………………………26 1.1 台灣小家鼠控制區序列的變異……………………………………………………………………26 1.2 控制區中變異位置的分佈…………………………………………………………………………27 1.3 基因型親緣關係樹(gene genealogy tree)的重建…………………………………………27 2.PCR-SSCP以及PCR-RFLP分析結果……………………………………………………………………28 3.族群遺傳結構分析結果………………………………………………………………………………29 3.1 定序完成之七個族群遺傳結構的分析……………………………………………………………30 3.1.1 族群內單倍基因型組成以及遺傳多型性……………………………………………………30 3.1.2 七個族群間之遺傳結構………………………………………………………………………30 3.2 全部採樣族群遺傳結構之分析……………………………………………………………………31 3.2.1 台灣小家鼠單倍基因型組成以及遺傳多型性………………………………………………31 3.2.2 兩兩族群間之分化程度………………………………………………………………………32 3.2.3 以地理區域合併族群後之族群遺傳結構……………………………………………………34 3.2.4 區域間分化程度與地理距離的相關性………………………………………………………35 討 論 1.PCR-SSCP分析結果的評估與應用……………………………………………………………………37 1.1 PCR-SSCP分析中解析力之探討……………………………………………………………………37 1.2 由採樣族群的數目對族群結構分析的影響看PCR-SSCP的應用價值……………………………39 2.台灣小家鼠控制區序列之變異………………………………………………………………………41 2.1 控制區中反覆重複(tandem repeat)片段的發現……………………………………………41 2.2 M. m. domesticus亞種控制區序列的發現………………………………………………………44 2.3 其他基因型的分佈及演化…………………………………………………………………………45 3.台灣小家鼠族群遺傳結構的探討……………………………………………………………………46 3.1 小家鼠族群內與鄰近族群間遺傳變異的探討……………………………………………………46 3.2 以地理區域探究小家鼠族群的族群結構…………………………………………………………48 3.3 金門族群以及其與台灣族群的關係………………………………………………………………51 3.4 東南地區族群與其他地區分化程度較高的探討…………………………………………………52 參考資料…………………………………………………………………………………………………54 表……………………………………………………………………………………………………………60 圖……………………………………………………………………………………………………………70 Appendix……………………………………………………………………………………………………85 | |
dc.language.iso | zh-TW | |
dc.title | 台灣地區小家鼠粒線體DNA控制區序列變異及族群遺傳之研究 | zh_TW |
dc.title | Variation of the mtDNA Control Region and Population Genetics of the House Mice (Mus musculus) in Taiwan | en |
dc.date.schoolyear | 86-2 | |
dc.description.degree | 碩士 | |
dc.relation.page | 100 | |
dc.rights.note | 未授權 | |
dc.contributor.author-dept | 生命科學院 | zh_TW |
dc.contributor.author-dept | 動物學研究所 | zh_TW |
顯示於系所單位: | 動物學研究所 |
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