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| DC 欄位 | 值 | 語言 |
|---|---|---|
| dc.contributor.author | Shu-Yu Wu | en |
| dc.contributor.author | 吳書宇 | zh_TW |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2021-07-01T08:12:14Z | - |
| dc.date.available | 2021-07-01T08:12:14Z | - |
| dc.date.issued | 2001 | |
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| dc.identifier.uri | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/75213 | - |
| dc.description.abstract | 小家鼠（Mus musculus）是一種廣佈於世界各地，並與人伴生的小型鼠類，在台灣主要分佈於各地農會的穀倉中。本研究藉由標放法標記宜蘭市穀倉內的小家鼠（Mus musculus castaneus），並利用6個微隨體DNA基因座作為遺傳標記，進行族群遺傳結構的分析，並利用空間自相關的方法，偵測小家鼠族群內的空間結構，探討小家鼠的族群結構與空間分佈的關係。 由6個微隨體基因座的資料顯示，發現雌鼠在X染色體上基因座呈現異型合子不足的情形，可能和合併效應有關。在對偶基因分佈的檢測方面，宜蘭市穀倉的小家鼠族群在空間上呈現高度的異質性，每間儲米室內的遺傳組成有相當大的差異。此外，穀倉內的滅鼠事件，不僅使得小家鼠的族群數量下降，更造成族群遺傳結構的變動。 小家鼠具有特殊的社會行為及嚴密的社會結構，會影響族群結構的形成；此外，雌鼠和雄鼠在行為上的差異，更造成雌雄兩性在空間分佈上產生不同的型態。在空間結構的檢測方面，利用空間自相關可偵測到宜蘭市穀倉小家鼠的族群空間結構，而各儲米室間同樣存在著明顯的差異。 宜蘭市穀倉的小家鼠族群結構，除了和社會行為有關之外，也可能和拓殖者效應、族群波動及基因互流有關；而囤積米糧的搬動、滅鼠的事件，不但會對小家鼠的族群造成不小的衝擊，也可能會增加族群遺傳結構的複雜度、歧異度。 | zh_TW |
| dc.description.provenance | Made available in DSpace on 2021-07-01T08:12:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2001 | en |
| dc.description.tableofcontents | 致謝………………………………………………………………………………………………Ⅰ 摘要………………………………………………………………………………………………Ⅱ 目錄………………………………………………………………………………………………Ⅲ 壹、前言…………………………………………………………………………………………1 貳、材料與方法…………………………………………………………………………………4 1．實驗地點………………………………………………………………………………………4 2．小家鼠的採集…………………………………………………………………………………4 2．1 標放法（mark-recapture method）……………………………………………………4 2．2 鼠隻的處理…………………………………………………………………………………4 3．DNA的萃取……………………………………………………………………………………5 4．微隨體基因座的增幅及基因型判斷…………………………………………………………5 4．1 製備放射性（γ-33P）標定引子…………………………………………………………5 4．2 放射性PCR反應……………………………………………………………………………6 4．3 定序用膠體電泳（sequencing gel electrophoresis）………………………………6 5．資料分析………………………………………………………………………………………6 5．1 遺傳變異（genetic variation）………………………………………………………6 5．1．1 雙套型微隨體基因座…………………………………………………………………6 5．1．2 單套型微隨體基因座…………………………………………………………………7 5．2 檢測哈溫平衡（Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium）………………………………………7 5．3 F統計－FST…………………………………………………………………………………8 5．4 叢聚分析……………………………………………………………………………………8 5．4．1 親緣關係度（relatedness, Rxy）…………………………………………………8 5．4．2 個體間遺傳距離的叢聚分析圖（cluster tree）…………………………………9 5．5 空間自相關（spatial autocorrelation）……………………………………………9 5．5．1 遺傳距離………………………………………………………………………………10 5．5．2 多基因座的處理………………………………………………………………………10 5．5．3 相關變異數（covariance）矩陣……………………………………………………10 5．5．4 空間距離矩陣…………………………………………………………………………11 5．5．5 自相關係數（autocorrelation coefficient）…………………………………11 5．5．6 虛無分佈（null distribution）的取樣（sampling）…………………………12 參、結果…………………………………………………………………………………………13 1．標放法的結果………………………………………………………………………………13 2．小家鼠的基因型判讀（genotyping）……………………………………………………13 3．遺傳變異……………………………………………………………………………………13 3．1 體染色體的微隨體基因座………………………………………………………………13 3．2 X染色體的微隨體基因座…………………………………………………………………14 3．3 Y染色體的微隨體基因座…………………………………………………………………14 4．哈溫平衡……………………………………………………………………………………14 5．對偶基因分佈………………………………………………………………………………15 5．1 時間上的變異（temporal variation）………………………………………………15 5．2 空間上的異質性（spatial heterogeneity）…………………………………………15 5．3 性別上的差異（sexual difference）…………………………………………………16 6．固定指數……………………………………………………………………………………16 7．叢聚分析……………………………………………………………………………………16 8．空間自相關…………………………………………………………………………………17 肆、討論…………………………………………………………………………………………18 1．重複捕捉率過低的情形……………………………………………………………………18 2．基因座異型合子不足（heterozygosity deficit）的情形……………………………18 3．動態的遺傳組成（Dynamic genetic composition）……………………………………19 4．族群內的異質性（Intra-population heterogeneity）………………………………19 5．雌雄小家鼠在遺傳結構上的差異…………………………………………………………20 6．族群內遺傳空間結構………………………………………………………………………21 7．族群空間結構的偵測………………………………………………………………………22 8．結論…………………………………………………………………………………………23 伍、參考文獻……………………………………………………………………………………24 表…………………………………………………………………………………………………30 圖…………………………………………………………………………………………………36 附錄一……………………………………………………………………………………………57 附錄二……………………………………………………………………………………………63 | |
| dc.language.iso | zh-TW | |
| dc.title | 台灣小家鼠族群遺傳結構的空間分析—微隨體DNA之應用 | zh_TW |
| dc.title | Spatial analysis of population genetic structure of the house mouse (Mus musculus castaneus) in Taiwan: using microsatellite as genetic markers | en |
| dc.date.schoolyear | 89-2 | |
| dc.description.degree | 碩士 | |
| dc.relation.page | 63 | |
| dc.rights.note | 未授權 | |
| dc.contributor.author-dept | 生命科學院 | zh_TW |
| dc.contributor.author-dept | 動物學研究所 | zh_TW |
| 顯示於系所單位： | 動物學研究所 | |
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