印尼社會經濟因素對家庭能源消費的影響

Abstract

With a population of more than 260 million, Indonesia, the fourth largest country in the world, are encountering a few challenges of achieving energy sustainability. Nationwide energy consumption reached 7.4 billion GJ in 2016 to meet the continual demand of population and economic growth. During the past three years (from 2013 to 2016), the annual growth rate has been at 5.9% on average. Global energy issues, urban heat island phenomenon and limited natural resources have made energy-saving measures an urgent and pressing issue, particularly in the city context. Aiming at energy saving in Indonesia, this study selected Medan as a representative city and carried out surveys in which, other than household energy consumption, socio-economic factors such as household number, family size, income level, gender and education level of family members, and ownership of household appliances were considered. Through close investigation and analysis of the data obtained from survey or face-to-face interviews, this study aims to shed light on how those socio-economic factors individually or collectively influence the residential energy consumption. During the study, Cochran’s formula was applied for determining the minimum sample size and Cohort model was employed for focusing on the fundamental factor of city population. Multiple linear regression was carried out for the collected data. After the analysis, this study finds that average household income, the floor area of the house, the family size and the ownership of electrical devices such as cooling and cooking devices have more significant positive impacts on electricity consumption than the others.