請用此 Handle URI 來引用此文件:
http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/74861
完整後設資料紀錄
DC 欄位 | 值 | 語言 |
---|---|---|
dc.contributor.advisor | 徐善慧(Shan-hui Hsu) | |
dc.contributor.author | Yu-Jie Lin | en |
dc.contributor.author | 林鈺傑 | zh_TW |
dc.date.accessioned | 2021-06-17T09:09:03Z | - |
dc.date.available | 2020-11-04 | |
dc.date.copyright | 2019-11-04 | |
dc.date.issued | 2019 | |
dc.date.submitted | 2019-10-25 | |
dc.identifier.citation | [1] Taylor, D. L.; in het Panhuis, M., Self‐healing hydrogels. ADV Mater. 2016, 28 (41), 9060-9093.
[2] Pan, C.; Liu, L.; Chen, Q.; Zhang, Q.; Guo, G., Tough, stretchable, compressive novel polymer/graphene oxide nanocomposite hydrogels with excellent self-healing performance. ACS Appl Mater Inter. 2017, 9 (43), 38052-38061. [3] Ouyang L-L, Highley C B, Rodell C B, Sun W, Burdick J A. 3D Printing of Shear-Thinning Hyaluronic Acid Hydrogels with Secondary Cross-Linking. ACS Biomater. Sci. Eng. 2016;2: 1743−1751 [4] Chen, Q.; Zhu, L.; Zhao, C.; Wang, Q.; Zheng, J., A robust, one‐pot synthesis of highly mechanical and recoverable double network hydrogels using thermoreversible sol‐gel polysaccharide. ADV Mater. 2013, 25 (30), 4171-4176. [5] Yan, Y.; Li, M.; Yang, D.; Wang, Q.; Liang, F.; Qu, X.; Qiu, D.; Yang, Z., Construction of injectable double-network hydrogels for cell delivery. Biomacromolecules. 2017, 18 (7), 2128-2138. [6] Wei. Z.; Yang, J.; Zhou, J.; Xu, F.; Miklόs, Z.; Patrick, H.; Yoshihito, Osada; Chen. Y., Self-healing gels based on constitutional dynamic chemistry and their potential applications. Chem. Soc. Rev. 2014, 43, 8114. [7] Zhang, G.; Chen, Y.; Deng, Y.; Ngai, T.; Wang, C., Dynamic Supramolecular Hydrogels: Regulating Hydrogel Properties through Self-Complementary Quadruple Hydrogen Bonds and Thermo-Switch. ACS Macro Lett. 2017, 6, 641−646. [8] Wei, Z.; Lewis, D. M.; Xu, Y.; Gerecht, S., Dual Cross‐Linked Biofunctional and Self‐Healing Networks to Generate User‐Defined Modular Gradient Hydrogel Constructs. ADV Healthc Mater. 2017, 6 (16), 1700523. [9] Yu, F.; Cao, X.; Du, J.; Wang, G.; Chen, X., Multifunctional hydrogel with good structure integrity, self-healing, and tissue-adhesive property formed by combining Diels–Alder click reaction and acylhydrazone bond. ACS Appl Mater Inter. 2015, 7 (43), 24023-24031. [10] He, L.; Szopinski, D.; Wu, Y.; Luinstra, G. A.; Theato, P., Toward self-healing hydrogels using one-pot thiol–ene click and borax-diol chemistry. ACS Macro Lette. 2015, 4 (7), 673-678. [11] Rodell, C. B.; Kaminski, A. L.; Burdick, J. A., Rational design of network properties in guest–host assembled and shear-thinning hyaluronic acid hydrogels. Biomacromolecules. 2013, 14 (11), 4125-4134. [12] Sun, Y.; Wollenberg, A. L.; O’Shea, T. M.; Cui, Y.; Zhou, Z. H.; Sofroniew, M. V.; Deming, T. J., Conformation-directed formation of self-healing diblock copolypeptide hydrogels via polyion complexation. J Am Chem Soc. 2017, 139 (42), 15114-15121. [13] Cuthbert, T. J.; Jadischke, J. J.; de Bruyn, J. R.; Ragogna, P. J.; Gillies, E. R., Self-healing polyphosphonium ionic networks. Macromolecules. 2017, 50 (14), 5253-5260. [14] Azevedo, S.; Costa, A. M.; Andersen, A.; Choi, I. S.; Birkedal, H.; Mano, J. F., Bioinspired Ultratough Hydrogel with Fast Recovery, Self‐Healing, Injectability and Cytocompatibility. ADV Mater. 2017, 29 (28), 1700759. [15] Tseng, T.; Hsieh, F.; Theato, P.; Wei, Y.; Hsu, S., Glucose-sensitive self-healing hydrogel as sacrificial materials to fabricate vascularized constructs. Biomaterials. 2017, 133, 20-28. [16] Zhang, Y.; Yang, B.; Zhang, X.; Xu, L.; Tao, L.; Lia. S.; Wei, Y., A magnetic self-healing hydrogel. Chem. Commun.2012, 48, 9305–9307. [17] Zhang, Y.; Tao, L.; Li, S.; Wei, Y., Synthesis of multiresponsive and dynamic chitosan-based hydrogels for controlled release of bioactive molecules. Biomacromolecules.2011, 12 (8), 2894-2901. [18] Wei, Z.; Yang, J.; Liu, Z.; Xu, F.; Zhou, J.; Zrínyi, M.; Osada, Y.; Chen, Y., Novel biocompatible polysaccharide-based self-healing hydrogel. Adv. Funct. Mater. 2015, 25, 1352–1359. [19] Yang, B.; Zhang, Y.; Zhang, X.; Tao, L.; Li, S.; Wei, Y., Facilely prepared inexpensive and biocompatible self-healing hydrogel: a new injectable cell therapy carrier. Polymer Chem. 2012, 3 (12), 3235-3238. [20] Qu, J.; Zhao, X.; Ma, P. X.; Guo, B., pH-responsive self-healing injectable hydrogel based on N-carboxyethyl chitosan for hepatocellular carcinoma therapy. ACTA Biomater. 2017, 58, 168-180. [21] Huang, W.; Wang, Y.; Chen, Y.; Zhao, Y.; Zhang, Q.; Zheng, X.; Chen, L.; Zhang, L., Strong and rapidly self-healing hydrogels: potential hemostatic materials. ADV Healthc Mater. 2016, 00720. [22] Khan, M.; Koivisto, J.; Hukka, T.; Hokka, M.; Kellomaki, M., Composite hydrogels using bioinspired approach with in situ fast gelation and self-healing ability as future injectable biomaterial. ACS Appl Mater Inter. 2018, 10, 11950−11960. [23] Xu, C.; Zhan, W.; Tang, X.; Mo, F.; Fu, L.; Lin, B., Self-healing chitosan/vanillin hydrogels based on Schiff-base bond/hydrogen bond hybrid linkages. Polym Test. 2018, 66, 155–163. [24] Chen, S.-H.; Teixeira, J., Structure and fractal dimension of protein-detergent complexes. Phys Rev Lette. 1986, 57 (20), 2583. [25] Jeng U-S /X-光小角度散射在軟物質研究上的應用/物理雙月刊 / 2004 /廿六卷二期 [26] Hung, K.-C.; Jeng, U.-S.; Hsu, S.-h., Fractal structure of hydrogels modulates stem cell behavior. ACS Macro Lette. 2015, 4 (9), 1056-1061. [27] Krogsgaard, M.; Behrens, M. A.; Pedersen, J. S.; Birkedal, H., Self-healing mussel-inspired multi-pH-responsive hydrogels. Biomacromolecules. 2013, 14 (2), 297-301. [28] Himmelein, S.; Lewe, V.; Stuart, M. C.; Ravoo, B. J., A carbohydrate-based hydrogel containing vesicles as responsive non-covalent cross-linkers. Chem Sci. 2014, 5 (3), 1054-1058. [29] Polte, J. r.; Ahner, T. T.; Delissen, F.; Sokolov, S.; Emmerling, F.; Thünemann, A. F.; Kraehnert, R., Mechanism of gold nanoparticle formation in the classical citrate synthesis method derived from coupled in situ XANES and SAXS evaluation. J Am Chem Soc. 2010, 132 (4), 1296-1301. [30] Fouilloux, S.; Désert, A.; Taché, O.; Spalla, O.; Daillant, J.; Thill, A., SAXS exploration of the synthesis of ultra monodisperse silica nanoparticles and quantitative nucleation growth modeling. J Colloid Interf Sci. 2010, 346 (1), 79-86. [31] Chen, J.; Schneider, K.; Kretzschmar, B.; Heinrich, G., Nucleation and growth behavior of β-nucleated iPP during shear induced crystallization investigated by in-situ synchrotron WAXS and SAXS. Polymer. 2014, 55 (21), 5477-5487. [32] Su, C.-H.; Wu, W.-R.; Chen, C.-Y.; Su, C.-J.; Chuang, W.-T.; Liao, K.-F.; Chen, S.-H.; Su, A.-C.; Jeng, U.-S., Nanograin nucleation at the growth front in melt crystallization of syndiotactic polystyrene. Polymer. 2016, 105, 414-421. [33] Hamedi, H.; Moradi, S.; Hudson, S. M.; Tonelli, A. E., Chitosan based hydrogels and their applications for drug delivery in wound dressings: A review. Carbohyd Polym.2018. [34] Tripodo, G.; Trapani, A.; Rosato, A.; Di Franco, C.; Tamma, R.; Trapani, G.; Ribatti, D.; Mandracchia, D., Hydrogels for biomedical applications from glycol chitosan and PEG diglycidyl ether exhibit pro-angiogenic and antibacterial activity. Carbohyd Polym. 2018, 198, 124-130. [35] Fan, M.; Ma, Y.; Tan, H.; Jia, Y.; Zou, S.; Guo, S.; Zhao, M.; Huang, H.; Ling, Z.; Chen, Y., Covalent and injectable chitosan-chondroitin sulfate hydrogels embedded with chitosan microspheres for drug delivery and tissue engineering. Mater Sci Eng C. 2017, 71, 67-74. [36] Yang, S.; Dong, Q.; Yang, H.; Liu, X.; Gu, S.; Zhou, Y.; Xu, W., N-carboxyethyl chitosan fibers prepared as potential use in tissue engineering. INT J Biol Macromol. 2016, 82, 1018-1022. [37] Xue, S.; Wu, Y.; Guo, M.; Liu, D.; Zhang, T.; Lei, W., Fabrication of Poly (acrylic acid)/Boron Nitride Composite Hydrogels with Excellent Mechanical Properties and Rapid Self-Healing Through Hierarchically Physical Interactions. Nanoscale Res Lette. 2018, 13 (1), 393 [38] Ding, D.; Guerette, P. A.; Fu, J.; Zhang, L.; Irvine, S. A.; Miserez, A., From Soft Self‐Healing Gels to Stiff Films in Suckerin‐Based Materials Through Modulation of Crosslink Density and β‐Sheet Content. ADV Mater. 2015, 27 (26), 3953-3961. [39] Cheng, K.-C.; Huang, C.-F.; Wei, Y.; Hsu, S.-h., Novel chitosan–cellulose nanofiber self-healing hydrogels to correlate self-healing properties of hydrogels with neural regeneration effects. NPG Asia Mater. 2019, 11 (1), 25. [40] Thanh, N. T.; Maclean, N.; Mahiddine, S., Mechanisms of nucleation and growth of nanoparticles in solution. Chem Rev. 2014, 114 (15), 7610-7630. [41] Crompton, K.; Prankerd, R.; Paganin, D.; Scott, T.; Horne, M.; Finkelstein, D.; Gross, K.; Forsythe, J., Morphology and gelation of thermosensitive chitosan hydrogels. Biophys Chem. 2005, 117 (1), 47-53. [42] Wang, Y.; Li, B.; Zhou, Y.; Jia, D., In situ mineralization of magnetite nanoparticles in chitosan hydrogel. Nanoscale Res Lette. 2009, 4 (9), 1041. [43] Czakkel, O.; Nagy, B.; Geissler, E.; László, K., Effect of molybdenum on the structure formation of resorcinol–formaldehyde hydrogel studied by coherent x-ray scattering. J Chem Phys. 2012, 136 (23), 234907. [44] Van der Veen, F.; Pfeiffer, F., Coherent x-ray scattering. J Phys-Condens Mat. 2004, 16 (28), 5003. [45] Tseng, T. C.; Tao, L.; Hsieh, F. Y.; Wei, Y.; Chiu, I. M.; Hsu, S. h., An injectable, self‐healing hydrogel to repair the central nervous system. ADV Mater. 2015, 27 (23), 3518-3524. [46] Liao, W.; Zhang, Y.; Guan, Y.; Zhu, X., Fractal structures of the hydrogels formed in situ from poly (N-isopropylacrylamide) microgel dispersions. Langmuir. 2012, 28 (29), 10873-10880. [47] Tamon, H.; Ishizaka, H., SAXS study on gelation process in preparation of resorcinol–formaldehyde aerogel. J Colloid Interf Sci. 1998, 206 (2), 577-582. | |
dc.identifier.uri | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/74861 | - |
dc.description.abstract | 具有自癒合能力、可注射性和生物相容性的水凝膠 (hydrogel)在生物醫學應用上有良好的潛力,而水凝膠的成膠時間和自癒合速率會影響水凝膠的應用性。目前對於自癒合水凝膠(self-healing hydrogel)的水凝膠性質和內部結構之間的關聯仍很少被探討,自癒合水凝膠的化學設計準則亦有待確立。在本研究中,我們合成了具有兩種不同取代度的N-羧乙基殼聚醣 (N-carboxyethyl chitosan, CEC) ,使用乙二醇殼聚醣 (glycol chitosan, GC)作為對照組,並使用遙爪雙官能化聚乙二醇(telechelic difunctional polyethylene glycol, DF-PEG)作為席夫交聯劑 (Schiff crosslinker),製備三種不同殼聚醣自癒合的水凝膠。藉由使用不同的殼聚醣衍生物所製備的水凝膠,自癒合水凝膠的儲存模量G' (storage modulus) 可以被調控,儲存模量G'從約1.5 kPa調節到3 Pa。除此之外,水凝膠的注射性和自癒合能力也可以被調節。為研究水凝膠凝膠化過程中的結構變化和水凝膠自癒合能力的關聯,本文使用原位小角度X射線散射 (in-situ small angle X-ray scattering, in-situ SAXS) 結合流變學和同調X光射線散射 (coherent X-ray scattering, CXS)。In-situ SAXS結合時間掃描 (time-sweep) 的流變學實驗揭示了水凝膠在凝膠化過程的成核和生長機制 (nucleation and growth mechanism),透過後續的實驗進一步證實了水凝膠的成核機制,並得到穿透式電子顯微鏡 (transmission electron microscope, TEM)圖像和CXS曲線的支持。從不同的自癒合水凝膠得到不同的臨界成核半徑(critical nucleation radius, CNR),CNR在7-20 nm的範圍內變化,而根據CNR的特性可能影響水凝膠在凝膠化過程中的時間和自癒合能力。另外,在連續曝光時間下的CXS曲線揭示了中尺度下水凝膠的不同動態自癒合行為,動態的希夫鹼、分子間的氫鍵與靜電作用力形成競爭關係,因此產生不同的自癒合性質,並從流變學的實驗得到驗證。藉由連接動態鍵結、奈米結構和自癒合能力等的相關資訊,期待未來可以透過化學設計開發出新型的自癒合水凝膠,用於在未來生物醫學應用上。 | zh_TW |
dc.description.abstract | Hydrogels with intrinsic self-healing ability, injectability, and biocompatibility have good potential in biomedical applications. The gelation time and self-healing rate of hydrogels greatly affect the applicability of hydrogels. The relevance between the properties and inner structure of self-healing hydrogels, however, has rarely been examined and the design criteria remain to be established. In this study, we synthesized N-carboxyethyl chitosan (CEC) with two different substitution degrees, used glycol chitosan (GC) as the control, and employed the telechelic difunctional polyethylene glycol (DF-PEG) as the Schiff crosslinker for preparing three different chitosan-based self-healing hydrogels. With the different chitosan derivatives, the storage modulus G’ of self-healing hydrogels could be tuned from about 1.5 kPa to 3 Pa. The injectability and self-healing ability could also be modulated. Structural changes during gelation were elucidated using the in-situ small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) and coherent X-ray scattering (CXS). In-situ SAXS with the time-sweep rheological experiment revealed the nucleation and growth mechanism for the gelation of each hydrogel, which was further supported by TEM images and CXS. The critical nucleation radius (CNR) varied in the range of 7 – 20 nm among the different self-healing hydrogels, while the CNR may influence the gelation rate and self-healing ability. The continuous time-resolved CXS profile unveiled the different dynamic self-healing behaviors in mesoscale. Dynamic Schiff base and intermolecular hydrogen bonds form a competitive relationship in self-healing hydrogels. Information linking the dynamic bonds, nanoscale structure and self-healing ability may be useful in developing novel self-healing hydrogels for future biomedical applications. | en |
dc.description.provenance | Made available in DSpace on 2021-06-17T09:09:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ntu-108-R06549026-1.pdf: 3705288 bytes, checksum: fedce568df4db195dcfb6846c2bbd2ad (MD5) Previous issue date: 2019 | en |
dc.description.tableofcontents | 目錄
致謝 I 摘要 II Abstract IV 目錄 VI 圖目錄 X 表目錄 XII 第一章 文獻回顧 1 1.1. 水凝膠介紹 1 1.2. 自癒合水凝膠 1 1.3. 殼聚醣自癒合水凝膠 3 1.4. 小角度X光散射法 5 1.5. 碎形維度 6 1.6. 小角度X光散射分析自癒合水凝膠 7 1.7. 研究目的 7 第二章 研究方法 9 2.1. 研究架構 9 2.2. N-羧乙基殼聚醣合成與純化 11 2.2.1. N-羧乙基殼聚醣取代度檢測與傅立葉紅外光譜測定 12 2.3. 雙官能聚乙二醇(DF-PEG)合成純化與測定 12 2.4. 製備乙二醇殼聚醣與N-羧乙基殼聚醣自癒合水凝膠 13 2.5. 殼聚醣衍生物之物化性質分析 14 2.5.1. X光繞射 (X-ray diffraction, XRD) 分析 14 2.5.2. 熱重力分析儀 (thermogravimetric analyzer, TGA) 14 2.6.殼聚醣自癒合水凝膠的注射性測試和巨觀自癒合觀察 15 2.6.1. 自癒合水凝膠注射性測試 15 2.6.2. 巨觀自癒合行為觀察 15 2.7. 自癒合水凝膠內部結構分析 16 2.7.1. 原位小角度X光散射 (In-situ small-angle light scattering, in-situ SAXS) 16 2.7.2. 同調X光散射 (Coherent X-ray scattering, CXS) 16 2.7.3. 穿透式電子顯微鏡 (Transmission electron microscopy, TEM) 17 2.7.4. 掃描式電子顯微鏡 (Scanning electron microscope, SEM) 17 2.8. 殼聚醣自癒合水凝膠之流變學分析 (Rheology measurement) 17 2.9. 細胞培養 18 2.10. 細胞在殼聚醣自癒合水凝膠之細胞存活率測試與染色標定 18 第三章 實驗結果 20 3.1. N-羧乙基殼聚醣之核磁共振分析 20 3.2. 雙官能聚乙二醇(DF-PEG)之核磁共振分析 20 3.3. N-羧乙基殼聚醣之官能基團分析 20 3.4. 殼聚醣與其衍生物之結晶度分析 21 3.5. 殼聚醣與其衍生物之熱性質分析 21 3.6. 殼聚醣自癒合水凝膠的注射性測試 22 3.7. 殼聚醣水凝膠之巨觀自癒合觀測 22 3.8. 殼聚醣水凝膠內部結構分析 22 3.8.1. 殼聚醣水凝膠之掃描電子顯微鏡圖像 22 3.8.2. 殼聚醣水凝膠之穿透電子顯微鏡圖像 23 3.9. 殼聚醣水凝膠之流變學性質 23 3.10. 殼聚醣自癒合水凝膠之原位小角度光散射分析 24 3.10.1. 原位小角度光散射之流變學分析與內部結構分析 24 3.10.2. 水凝膠環動半徑之Guinier分析 24 3.10.3. 成核和生長機制之分析 25 3.11. 殼聚醣水凝膠之同調X光散射分析 25 3.12. 含神經幹細胞的殼聚醣水凝膠之細胞存活率分析 26 第四章 討論 27 4.1. 水溶性殼聚糖 27 4.2. 殼聚醣衍生物之物化特性 27 4.3. 殼聚醣水凝膠之流變性質分析 28 4.4. 殼聚醣水凝膠之自癒合性質分析 28 4.5. 殼聚醣水凝膠之原位小角度光散射分析 29 4.6. 臨界成核半徑與水凝膠特性之關聯 29 4.7. 同調X光散射之結構動力學分析 30 4.8. 水凝膠凝膠過程之碎形維度分析 31 4.9. 細胞於殼聚醣水凝膠之存活率測試 31 4.10. 未來展望 32 第五章 結論 33 參考文獻 34 附錄一 藥品清單 62 附錄二 儀器清單 63 圖目錄 圖2.1. 研究架構圖 10 圖2.2. N-羧乙基殼聚醣化學合成結構圖 11 圖2.3. 遙爪雙官能聚乙二醇(DF-PEG)化學合成結構圖 13 圖2.4. 乙二醇殼聚醣和N-羧乙基殼聚醣自癒合水凝膠製備示意圖 14 圖3.1. N-羧乙基殼聚醣之核磁共振分析 41 圖3.2. 雙官能聚乙二醇(DF-PEG)之核磁共振分析 42 圖3.3. N-羧乙基殼聚醣之官能基團分析 43 圖3.4. 殼聚醣與其衍生物之結晶度分析 44 圖3.5. 殼聚醣與其衍生物之熱性質分析 (A) TGA (B) DTG 45 圖3.6.1. 三種殼聚醣水凝膠之巨觀觀察 46 圖3.6.2. 殼聚醣水凝膠通過不同針頭之注射性測試 47 圖3.7. 殼聚醣水凝膠之巨觀自癒合觀測 48 圖3.8.1. 殼聚醣水凝膠之掃描電子顯微鏡圖像 49 圖3.8.2. CEC-H水凝膠之穿透電子顯微鏡圖像 50 圖3.8.3. GC和CEC-L 水凝膠網路結構 51 圖3.9.1. CEC水凝膠在37℃下的流變性能(A,B)水凝膠時間掃描實驗(C,D)水凝膠的應變掃描實驗(E,F)水凝膠通過損傷癒合循環 52 圖3.9.2. GC水凝膠在37℃下的流變特性 (A)應變掃描測試(B)損傷癒合循環 (C)時間掃描實驗 54 圖3.10.1. 原位小角度光散射分析用於不同自癒合水凝膠的流變性質(時間掃描)和SAXS曲線 55 圖3.10.2. 在不同凝膠時間的原位SAXS的Guinier分析 56 圖3.10.3. 各種自癒合水凝膠成核生長機制之凝膠化的示意圖 57 圖3.11.1. 同調X光散射(CXS)在25秒的恆定曝光時間的溶膠-凝膠轉變 58 圖3.11.2. 同調X光散射(CXS)在10和50秒的恆定曝光時間 59 圖3.11.3. 連續時間相關的小角度光散射二維圖 (A)原位小角度光散射同時操作震盪剪切應力的流變學實驗 (B) 同調X光散射之示意圖 60 圖3.12. 神經幹細胞在水凝膠中通過VB-48TM測定包覆在水凝膠中NSCs的細胞存活率 61 表目錄 表3.1. 殼聚醣水凝膠之儲存模量、水凝膠中氨基/醛基莫耳比、水凝膠成膠時間 62 | |
dc.language.iso | zh-TW | |
dc.title | 以原位小角度X光散射與同調X光散射對殼聚醣自癒合水凝膠的凝膠化機制與結構動力學之研究 | zh_TW |
dc.title | Gelation mechanism and structural dynamics of chitosan self-healing hydrogels by in-situ SAXS and coherent X-ray scattering | en |
dc.type | Thesis | |
dc.date.schoolyear | 108-1 | |
dc.description.degree | 碩士 | |
dc.contributor.oralexamcommittee | 賴育英(Yu-Ying Lai),張書瑋(Shu-Wei Chang),黃泓縉 | |
dc.subject.keyword | 自癒合水凝膠,N-羧乙基殼聚醣,原位小角度光散射,同調 X光散射,成核和生長, | zh_TW |
dc.subject.keyword | self-healing hydrogel,N-carboxyethyl chitosan,in-situ SAXS,coherent X-ray scattering,nucleation and growth., | en |
dc.relation.page | 63 | |
dc.identifier.doi | 10.6342/NTU201904235 | |
dc.rights.note | 有償授權 | |
dc.date.accepted | 2019-10-28 | |
dc.contributor.author-college | 工學院 | zh_TW |
dc.contributor.author-dept | 高分子科學與工程學研究所 | zh_TW |
顯示於系所單位: | 高分子科學與工程學研究所 |
文件中的檔案:
檔案 | 大小 | 格式 | |
---|---|---|---|
ntu-108-1.pdf 目前未授權公開取用 | 3.62 MB | Adobe PDF |
系統中的文件,除了特別指名其著作權條款之外,均受到著作權保護,並且保留所有的權利。