請用此 Handle URI 來引用此文件:
http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/74509
完整後設資料紀錄
DC 欄位 | 值 | 語言 |
---|---|---|
dc.contributor.advisor | 游政谷(Cheng-Ku Yu) | |
dc.contributor.author | Syuan-Ping Chen | en |
dc.contributor.author | 陳渲屏 | zh_TW |
dc.date.accessioned | 2021-06-17T08:39:49Z | - |
dc.date.available | 2020-08-18 | |
dc.date.copyright | 2019-08-18 | |
dc.date.issued | 2019 | |
dc.date.submitted | 2019-08-07 | |
dc.identifier.citation | 王寶貫,1997: 雲物理學。國立編譯館主編,渤海堂文化公司印行,台北,382頁。
鄭凌文,2015: 莫拉克颱風之地形降水機制研究-雷達觀測及地形降水診斷模式發展。中國文化大學地學研究所博士論文,26-33頁。 Bader, M. J., and W. T. Roach, 1977: Orographic rainfall in warm sectors of depressions. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 103, 269-280. Beard, K. V., 1976: Terminal velocity and shape of cloud and precipitation drops aloft. J. Atmos. Sci, 33, 851-864. Bergeron, T., 1968: Studies of the orogenic effect on the areal fine structure of rainfall distribution, Rep. 6, Meteorological Institute, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden, 42 pp. Blumen, W., Ed., 1990: Atmospheric Processes over Complex Terrain. Meteor. Monogr., No. 45, Amer. Meteor. Soc., 323 pp. Bousquet, O., and M. Chong, 1998: A multiple-Doppler synthesis and continuity adjustment technique (MUSCAT) to recover wind components from Doppler radar measurements. J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., 15, 343-359. Chong, M., and S. Cosma, 2000: A formulation of the continuity equation of MUSCAT for either flat or complex terrain. J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., 17, 1556-1564. Cressman, G. P., 1959: An operational objective analysis system. Mon. Wea. Rev., 87, 367-374. Durran, D. R., and J. B. Klemp, 1982: On the effects of moisture on the Brunt–Väisälä frequency. J. Atmos. Sci., 39, 2152-2158. Haltiner, G. J., and R. T. Williams, 1980: Numerical Prediction and Dynamic Meteorology. John Wiley and Sons, 477 pp. Houze, R. A., Jr., 2012: Orographic effects on precipitating clouds. Rev. Geophys., 50, RG1001. Huang, H. L., M. J. Yang, and C. H. Sui, 2014: Water budget and precipitation efficiency of Typhoon Morakot (2009). J. Atmos. Sci, 71(1), 112-129. Joss, J., 1970: Raindrop size distributions and Doppler velocity. Preprints 14th Radar Meteor. Conf., Amer. Meteor. Soc., 153-156. Lee, C.-S., Y.-C. Liu, and F.-C. Chien, 2008: The secondary low and heavy rainfall associated with Typhoon Mindulle (2004). Mon. Wea. Rev., 136, 1260-1283. Lee, C.-S., L.-R. Huang, H.-S. Shen, and S.-T. Wang, 2006: A climatology model for forecasting typhoon rainfall in Taiwan. Nat. Hazards, 37, 87-105. Lin, Y.-L., D. B. Ensley, and S. Chiao, 2002: Orographic influences on rainfall and track deflection associated with the passage of a tropical cyclone. Mon. Wea. Rev., 130, 2929-2950. List, R. J., 1949. Smithsonian Meteorological Tables, 6th ed., The Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D. C., 527 pp. Marshall, J. S., and W. M. K. Palmer, 1948: The distribution of raindrops with size. J. Meteor., 5, 165-166. Nettleton, L., S. Daud, R. Neitzel, C. Burghart, W. C. Lee, and P. Hildebrand, 1993: SOLO: A program to peruse and edit radar data. Preprints, 26th Conf. on Radar Meteorology, Norman, OK, Amer. Meteor. Soc, 338-339. Passarelli, R. E., Jr., and H. Boehme, 1983: The orographic modulation of pre-warm-front precipitation in southern New England. Mon. Wea. Rev., 111, 1062-1070. Robichaud, A. J., and G. L. Austin, 1988: On the modelling of warm orographic rain by the seeder‐feeder mechanism. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 114, 967-988. Sekhon, R. S., and R. C. Srivastava, 1970: Snow size spectra and radar reflectivity. J. Atmos. Sci, 27, 299-307. ——, 1971: Doppler radar observations of drop-size distributions in a thunderstorm. J. Atmos. Sci., 28, 983-994. Sinclair, M. R., 1994: A diagnostic model for estimating orographic precipitation. J. Appl. Meteor., 33, 1163-1175. Smith, R. B., 1979: The influence of mountains on the atmosphere. Advances in Geophysics, Vol. 21 , Academic Press, 87-230. Smith, R. B., P. Schafer, D. J. Kirshbaum, and E. Regina, 2009b: Orographic enhancement of precipitation inside Hurricane Dean. J. Hydrometeor., 10, 820-831. Willis, P. T., 1984: Functional fits to some observed drop size distributions and parameterization of rain. J. Atmos. Sci., 41, 1648-1661. Wilson, A. M., and A. P. Barros, 2014: An investigation of warm rainfall microphysics in the southern Appalachians: Orographic enhancement via low-level seeder–feeder interactions. J. Atmos. Sci., 71, 1783-1805. Wu, C.-C., and Y.-H. Kuo, 1999: Typhoons affecting Taiwan: Current understanding and future challenges. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 80. Wu, C.-C., T.-H. Yen, Y.-H. Kuo, and W.Wang, 2002: Rainfall simulation associated with Typhoon Herb (1996) near Taiwan. Part I: The topographic effect. Wea. Forecasting, 17, 1001-1015. Wu, C.-C., T.-H. Yen, Y.-H. Huang, C.-K. Yu, and S.-G. Chen, 2016: Statistical characteristic of heavy rainfall associated with typhoon near Taiwan based on high-density automatic rain gauge data. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 97, 1363-1375. Yang, M.-J., D.-L. Zhang, and H.-L. Huang, 2008: A modeling study of Typhoon Nari (2001) at landfall. Part I: Topographic effects. J. Atmos. Sci., 65, 3095-3115. Yu, C.-K., and L.-W. Cheng, 2008: Radar observations of intense orographic precipitation associated with Typhoon Xangsane (2000). Mon. Wea. Rev., 136, 497-521. Yu, C.-K., and L.-W. Cheng, 2013: Distribution and Mechanisms of Orographic Precipitation Associated with Typhoon Morakot (2009). J. Atmos. Sci, 70, 2894-2915. Yu, C.-K., and L.-W. Cheng, 2014: Dual-Doppler-derived profiles of the southwesterly flow associated with southwest and ordinary typhoons off the southwestern coast of Taiwan. J. Atmos. Sci, 71, 3202-3222. Yu, C.-K., and C.-L. Tsai, 2017: Structural changes of an outer tropical cyclone rain band encountering the topography of northern Taiwan. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 143, 1107-1122. | |
dc.identifier.uri | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/74509 | - |
dc.description.abstract | 本研究使用高時空解析度之地面雨量資料及都卜勒雷達觀測,探討伴隨米雷颱風(2011)的地形降水加強之可能物理機制。當米雷颱風經過距台灣約300公里之東北方海面上時,颱風環流為北台灣地區帶來強勁北/西北風(約20~25公尺/秒),同時於北台灣大屯山區造成強降水。本個案研究區域—大屯山,為一鄰近北台灣海岸之三維獨立山脈,山脈高度約海拔一公里。於10小時之主要研究期間內,觀測顯示強烈降雨(超過250毫米)大致落在大屯山之山脊區域。透過雷達資料分析,顯著地形降水加強大致發生在低層2公里以下之大氣,且受地形加強之降雨量約是颱風背景降水的兩到三倍。
透過雙都卜勒雷達風場反演做降水粒子的軌跡回追以及定量之理論估計,結果顯示當高層降水粒子落下至低層時,過程中增加之降水量與種饋機制(seeder-feeder processes)有高度相關。比起單純氣塊舉升凝結機制,理論之雨滴收集率方程能較佳量化本個案大屯山區觀測到之降水加強量。然而,當颱風背景降水伴隨著強對流胞移入大屯山時,種饋機制的估計會顯著低估降水加強量且有較大之誤差。因此,除了種饋機制之外,對流胞受地形影響所產生之快速氣流及降水結構改變,也是影響本個案降水加強之重要過程。 | zh_TW |
dc.description.abstract | With temporally and spatial high-resolution rain gauge data and Doppler radar observations, this study is aimed to explore the physical mechanisms responsible for the orographic precipitation associated with Typhoon Meari (2011). The occurrence of heavy precipitation for this typhoon event was concentrated over Mt. Da-Tun as Meari passed over regions ~300 km northeast of Taiwan and brought strong northerly/northwesterly flow (20-25 m s-1) impinging on northern Taiwan. Mt. Da-Tun, the study area, is a three-dimensional, isolated mountain barrier located adjacent to the northern coast of Taiwan and has terrain peaks at approximately 1 km (MSL, Mean Sea Level).Intense rainfall (>250 mm) was observed nearby the mountain crest of Mt. Da-Tun within 10 h during the period of primary interest. Analyses indicate that the layer of orographic enhancement of precipitation was primarily confined to the lowest 2 km (MSL). The enhanced rainfall was observed to be 2-3 times greater than the typhoon background precipitation.
By tracking hydrometeor trajectory and performing theoretically quantitative calculations, it is found that the increased amount of precipitation water as elevated hydrometeors fell into the low levels was closely related to the precipitation enhancement due to seeder-feeder processes. The enhanced precipitation over mountains is much better quantified by theoretical accretion rate than upslope-lifting-induced precipitation. Moreover, the seeder-feeder calculation tended to be underestimated and have larger errors, when convective elements of intense reflectivity embedded within typhoon background precipitation moved into Mt. Da-Tun. In addition to the seeder-feeder effect that is more suitable for stratiform background precipitation scenario, the rapid modification of airflow and precipitation associated with landfalling convective elements by topography is also an important process contributing to the orographic enhancement of precipitation for the present case. | en |
dc.description.provenance | Made available in DSpace on 2021-06-17T08:39:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ntu-108-R06229006-1.pdf: 12428712 bytes, checksum: 650f7bb6137791dc724f24ce52b368f5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2019 | en |
dc.description.tableofcontents | 口試委員會審定書 I
致謝 II 摘要 IV ABSTRACT V CONTENTS VII LIST OF FIGURES IX LIST OF TABLES XVII Chapter 1 Introduction 1 Chapter 2 Data and methodology 5 2.1 Data 5 2.1.1 Rain gauge 5 2.1.2 Doppler Radar data 5 2.1.3 Sounding 6 2.2 Methodology 7 2.2.1 Selection of time window for analysis 7 2.2.2 Radar derived rainfall 7 2.2.3 Dual-Doppler derived wind 8 2.2.4 Description of the orographic precipitation diagnostic model 9 Chapter 3 Case study - Typhoon Meari (2011) 15 3.1 Case Overview 15 3.2 Upstream conditions 17 3.3 Orographic and background precipitation 17 Chapter 4 Quantitative evaluation of possible mechanisms 20 4.1 Setting of the orographic precipitation diagnostic model 20 4.2 Possible forcing mechanisms for rainfall enhancement 21 4.2.1 Upslope lifting 21 4.2.2 Seeder-feeder mechanism 22 4.2.3 Comparison of the mechanisms 25 Chapter 5 Enhancement of convective cells 28 5.1 The structural change of convective cells 28 5.2 Discussions on the rainfall enhancement of the convective cells 30 Chapter 6 Conclusions and future work 33 Reference 35 Table 39 Figures 41 | |
dc.language.iso | en | |
dc.title | 伴隨米雷颱風(2011)之大屯山地形降水機制分析 | zh_TW |
dc.title | Mechanisms of Orographic Precipitation over Mt. Da-Tun Associated with Typhoon Meari (2011) | en |
dc.type | Thesis | |
dc.date.schoolyear | 107-2 | |
dc.description.degree | 碩士 | |
dc.contributor.oralexamcommittee | 吳俊傑,陳正平,林沛練,林傳堯 | |
dc.subject.keyword | 颱風降水,地形降水加強,舉升凝結機制,種饋機制,對流胞降水加強, | zh_TW |
dc.subject.keyword | Typhoon precipitation,Orographically enhanced precipitation,Upslope lifting,Seeder-feeder mechanisms,Rainfall enhancement of convective cells, | en |
dc.relation.page | 76 | |
dc.identifier.doi | 10.6342/NTU201902688 | |
dc.rights.note | 有償授權 | |
dc.date.accepted | 2019-08-08 | |
dc.contributor.author-college | 理學院 | zh_TW |
dc.contributor.author-dept | 大氣科學研究所 | zh_TW |
顯示於系所單位: | 大氣科學系 |
文件中的檔案:
檔案 | 大小 | 格式 | |
---|---|---|---|
ntu-108-1.pdf 目前未授權公開取用 | 12.14 MB | Adobe PDF |
系統中的文件,除了特別指名其著作權條款之外,均受到著作權保護,並且保留所有的權利。