多板摩擦式限滑差速器的分析與設計

Abstract

本研究藉由分析現有多板摩擦式限滑差速器的機構以及運作方式，建立其力學模型，並提出關鍵設計參數以及各參數對多板摩擦式防滑差速器規格的影響。多板摩擦式限滑差速器是以開放式差速器為基本架構，搭配碟型彈簧以及數組離合器片，使得差速器左右半軸產生速差時，能夠以內部的摩擦力矩對快軸做負功，且對慢軸做正功，使其加減速，達到限滑的效果。本研究首先拆解並分析多板摩擦式限滑差速器的構造組成及動力流，並針對內部各個機件，以自由體圖的方式分析其受力情形，並建立多板摩擦式限滑差速器的力學模型。並且以限滑百分比以及扭矩分配比做為規格基準，分析各個設計參數對其規格的影響，且探討不同規格的限滑差速器於定差速的消耗功率。本研究同時結合整車數值模擬，驗證多板摩擦式限滑差速器對於車輛的扭力分配有何優劣勢。包括車輛之驅動力、轉向性能、車輪滑差等，協助多板摩擦式限滑差速器的設計。

The purpose of this study is to analysis clutch-type limited slip differentials by using the free body diagram, and to developing a mechanical model. Clutch-type limited slip differentials have all the components as an open differential, but add a Belleville spring pack and a set of clutches called reaction plates and friction plates in this study. Then to find out what the key design parameters are and how these design parameters affect the characteristics of clutch-type limited slip differentials, including lock percentage, torque bias ratio, response time, energy comsumption, failure modes and so on. Finally, to understand what are the advantages and disadvantages of using clutch-type limited slip differentials instead of using open differentials by a numerical analysis program.