農村再生計畫參與對社區生活品質之影響

Abstract

臺灣農村早期受到產業轉型及政策法令的影響，人口逐漸外移，造成農村空間和居民生活方式改變，為了活化農村社區，並建立社區自主營造的機制，於2010年核定「農村再生條例」後推動各項計畫，透過由下而上的模式推動，須由社區自主參與培根訓練，而後整合凝聚共識，規劃社區願景，並擬出社區的農村再生計畫書，期望將社區達到生活、生產、生態三生一體富麗新農村之目標。統計數據顯示已參加及完成培根計畫之社區逐年增長，顯示培根計畫推動成果，但與已核定農村再生計畫書的社區數相比，兩者確有明顯落差，為了瞭解農村再生政策對於社區的影響，檢視計畫是否能影響社區生活品質，透過生活品質指標建立，評估社區的發展情形，比較農村再生計畫不同參與程度的農村社區生活品質之差異。 本研究調查農村社區以桃園市及新竹縣15處農村社區作為研究地點，根據文獻回顧擬定調查項目及問卷設計，共回收450份有效問卷。研究結果發現不同農村再生階段在個人社會指標、社區生活感受、個人經濟評估、居民生態意識、社區生態環境等主觀生活品質面向有顯著差異，而農村再生計畫對客觀生活指標無顯著差異。另外社區生活品質與社區關注程度呈現顯著正相關，經迴歸分析農村再生計畫與社區關注程度對生活品質評質有顯著差異。因此農村再生計畫會影響社區生活品質，而生產層面仍需更多的協助，並積極鼓勵社區參與農村再生計畫，期望臺灣農村社區可朝向富麗農村發展，提升社區全面生活品質，使得政策執行能夠落實在社區中，活化臺灣農村環境。

The early countryside areas in Taiwan is affected by industrial transformation and policies by the government. As the population move out of the village, This phenomenon causing changes in rural space and residents' lifestyles. In order to active countryside communities and establish a mechanism for community autonomy, the “Rural Rejuvenation Act” was approved in 2010. From the bottom to the top, the project’s training must be self-involved by the community, and then agglomerate the consensus, plan the community future outlook and vision, and develop the Rural Rejuvenation plan of the community, expect it could bring the community to life, production ecological, the above characters three in one is the goal of prosperity new countryside. Statistics show that the number of community that had participated in and completed the manpower training plan of rural rejuvenation is growing year by year, shows that the manpower training plan is driving the results, but compared with the number of communities that have approved the Rural rejuvenation plan, there is a clear gap between the two, in order to understand the impact of Rural rejuvenation plan to the community, whether the plan can affect the quality of life in the community, through the establishment of quality of life indicators, assess the development of the community, compare the differences in the quality of life of rural communities with different levels of participation in rural regeneration programs. This study investigated rural communities with 15 rural communities in Taoyuan and Hsinchu as research location. Based on literature review, the survey project and questionnaire design were designed to recover 450 valid questionnaires. The study results show that there are significant differences in subjective quality of life in different rural regeneration stages in individual social indicators, community life perceptions, personal economic assessments, residents' ecological consciousness, and community ecological environment, while Rural rejuvenation plan have significant differences in objective quality of life. Rural rejuvenation plan have no consistency in subjective and objective quality of life. In addition, there is a significant positive correlation between the quality of life in the community and the level of community concern. After regression analysis, the Rural rejuvenation plan and the degree of community attention have significant differences in quality of life. Therefore, the Rural rejuvenation plan will affect the quality of life in the community, and the production level still needs more assistance, and actively encourage the community to participate in Rural rejuvenation plan. It is expected that rural communities in Taiwan can develop towards rich rural areas, improve the overall quality of life of the community. Enabling policy implementation to be implemented in the community and activating the rural environment in Taiwan.