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標題: | 臺灣新住民申請社會救助之經驗探究 Immigrants' experience of taking up social assistance in Taiwan |
作者: | Yi-Yu Guo 郭怡妤 |
指導教授: | 傅從喜(Tsung-hsi Fu) |
關鍵字: | 新住民,跨國婚姻,社會救助,低收入戶,審查規定,申請經驗,社會福利政策, immigrants,intermarriage,social assistance,low-income household,censorship regulation,social welfare policy, |
出版年 : | 2019 |
學位: | 碩士 |
摘要: | 過去臺灣針對新住民的研究,多係聚焦於子女教養、家庭暴力、生活適應與勞動就業等議題,或係通盤較大面向的新住民社會福利檢視或服務輸送剖析。然而,針對臺灣新住民申請社會救助體系上的協助,卻欠缺深入釐清之相關研究。因此本研究著力於新住民申請社會救助的經驗進行深入解析,透過探究影響新住民在臺灣社會救助申請過程中所可能面臨的各種經驗,呈現出新住民在臺灣申請社會救助的圖像。
本研究採質性取向進行,選取的受訪者為「具有身分證的新住民社會救助申請者,包含:已通過、未通過、有詢問未申請」,合計共訪談15位新住民,依國籍區分其中有6位係來自中國、3位來自越南、2位來自印尼、2位來自菲律賓、1位來自緬甸、1位來自柬埔寨。抽樣數量係以理論飽和為原則,並採用主題分析法輔以半結構式訪談大綱,分別從「個人」、「社會」、「行政」與「方案」層面進行剖析。 研究結果發現,目前新住民在台灣申請社會救助仍存有以下情形:「新住民在台公民權仍未獲彰顯」、「異地來台申請救助的心理設限」、「救助資訊管道狹隘且東南亞新住民語言困境大」、「尚需加強非正式支持與服務體系主動關懷」、「因『地』而異的資料要求致申請過程折騰」、「不同公所代調、收案服務有差異」、「行政人員資訊揭露礙於知識及心證而不一致」、「互動經驗影響申請過程」、「東南亞新住民母國資料收取規定模糊」及「方案資格審查未符合新住民實際需求」。 綜融上述研究結果,本研究從「實務面」、「政策面」及「未來研究方向」提出相關建議。實務面上,應「加強新住民社會救助資訊宣導」、「重視新住民友善社會網絡之建立」及「加強服務體系對新住民家庭之救助覺察」;政策面上,應「構築肯認多元文化及化解救助污名的社會」、「統一放寬及明訂新住民母國文件要求」及「加強政府責任,提升便民價值」;未來研究方向,可「增加無身分證者的訪談」、「拓展不同研究對象對社會救助的想法」與「研究縣市擴大範圍」。研究者希冀藉由上述建議,未來確實能實際保障到更多有社會救助申請需求的新住民。 The number of immigrants have increased sharply in the last three decades in Taiwan, as in other East Asian regions. Therefore, social protection for immigrants has become an important issue as many of them face double jeopardies. First, the majority of them are female marriage immigrants who live in relatively less well-off families. Second, they may encounter more difficulties when applying for social security benefits compared to the native due to language barrier and lack of social capital. This study analyses the take-up of social assistance for immigrants. The purpose is to understand their experience on the applying process and explore possible obstacles. A qualitative approach is employed and 15 immigrants are interviewed. They are from Mainland China, Vietnam, Indonesia, the Philippines, Cambodia and Myanmar, which represent a good variety of their original nationalities. This study borrowed van Ooschot’s framework and use four dimensions to analyse the issue of take-up, namely individual, social, administration and programme. Researching findings confirm that immigrants face more obstacles when applying for social assistance. Individually, many of them face psychological self-constrain and thought their case might not be dealt with fairly due to the fact that they are immigrants. Socially, they have less social capital that might help them to get necessary information and go through applying process. The design of programme does not has substantial impact on their take-up as most of them knew little about it. The administration system, on the other hand, has massive impact. In the means-test process, the applicants’ financial resources are to be accessed, as well as their parents’ and their children’s. Many immigrants have problems getting documents from their family who live in mother countries. Therefore, the flexibility and friendliness offered by administrators is of vital importance for them to get through the process. This study concludes by suggesting a more immigrant-friendly social assistance administration system to help those who are in need of state financial support. |
URI: | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/73469 |
DOI: | 10.6342/NTU201704248 |
全文授權: | 有償授權 |
顯示於系所單位: | 社會工作學系 |
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ntu-108-1.pdf 目前未授權公開取用 | 3.65 MB | Adobe PDF |
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