桃園機場捷運旅客行為特性之研究

Abstract

桃園機場捷運自2017年3月起營運，營運至今運量仍不如預期。此外，桃園機場捷運連接大台北都會區、桃園國際機場以及桃園都會區，其承擔多種旅次類別，其中包含機場出入境旅次、通勤旅次、休閒旅次和其他目的等之旅次。本研究基於計畫案「機場捷運通車後運量檢討與旅客特性分析案」並使用其問卷資料，更深入之研究。期能在計畫案之基礎上更深入探討桃園機場捷運旅客行為特性。 本研究將從旅客負面認知原因與旅客對優惠或系統改善策略兩方面探討與旅客搭乘意願在不同旅次目旅客中的相關性。本研究使用次序性迴歸模式探討旅客負面認知原因與搭乘意願之相關性。另一方面，問卷調查中優惠或系統改善策略之資料適合使用因素分析之方法，因此本研究使用此方法將變數降維，便於進行進一步分析與解釋。降維之後再進行區別分析，探討旅客對策略反應與搭乘意願的相關性。本研究發現，以出入境為旅次目的的旅客中，與搭乘意願相關的不搭乘原因有其他運具較快、班次太少和捷運站很遠；與搭乘意願相關的策略成分有站點增值服務和縮短班距。以通勤為旅次目的的旅客中，與搭乘意願相關的不搭乘原因離捷運站很遠、其他運具較快和搭乘環境或條件不足；與搭乘意願相關的策略成分有票價、縮短班距和汽車停車轉乘。以休閒為旅次目的的旅客中，與搭乘意願相關的不搭乘原因有捷運站很遠和其他運具較快和私人運具轉乘不便；與搭乘意願相關的策略成分有縮短班距。最後依據研究結果提供桃園捷運公司策略制定之參考以及後續研究之建議。

The Taoyuan Airport MRT has been in operation since March 2017, and its ridership have not been as good as expected. In addition, the Taoyuan Airport MRT connects the Greater Taipei Metropolitan Area, Taoyuan International Airport and the Taoyuan Metropolitan Area. It undertakes a variety of travel categories, including the travel relate to the airport, commuters’ travel and leisure travel etc. This study is based on the project 'Ridership Review and Passenger Characteristics of Taoyuan Airport Link after Operating' and uses its questionnaire data to conduct more in-depth research. On the basis of the project plan, we can further explore the passenger behavior characteristics of the Taoyuan Airport MRT. This research will explore the correlation between passengers' willingness of taking metro, the negative cognitive reasons of passengers and passengers' preferential or system improvement strategies in the passengers who are in different travels purpose. This study used an ordinal regression model to explore the correlation between the negative cognitive causes of passengers and the willingness of ride. On the other hand, the data of the preferential or system improvement in questionnaire is suitable for the factor analysis. Therefore, this study uses this method to reduce the dimension of the variables, which is convenient for further analysis and interpretation. After the dimension reduction, the discriminant analysis is carried out to explore the correlation between the passenger's response to the strategy and the willingness to ride. This study found that among the passengers whose travel relate to Taoyuan airport, the reasons for non-riding related to the willingness of travel are that the other transportation modes are faster, the headway is too long, and the MRT station is far away; related to the willingness of ride, the strategic components are station value-added services and shortened headway. Among the passengers who are commuter, the reason for the non-riding related to the willingness of ride is far from the MRT station, other transportation modes are faster, and the environment or conditions are insufficient; the strategic components related to the willingness of ride, there are fares, shortened headway and car parking transfers. Among the passengers whose purpose are leisure, the reasons for non-riding related to the willingness of travel are that the MRT station is far away, other transportation modes are faster and the transfer between private transport is inconvenient; the strategy related to the willingness of ride the strategic components is shortened headway. Finally, based on the research results, the Taoyuan MRT Corporation's strategy formulation reference and follow-up research recommendations are provided.