中國民粹民族主義與威權韌性

Abstract

本文主要是在探討中國威權韌性的來源，將民粹主義與民族主義作為解釋變項，分析中國是否存在具有「委任式民意」特質的民粹民族主義，且對此種政治態度是否影響威權體制的政治支持？ 本文利用亞洲民主動態調查第四波中國大陸地區問卷資料進行統計分析。研究結果發現，在中國，具有民粹民族主義政治態度的比例最高，而民粹民族主義者為受現代化影響程度較低的群體。通過對於制度認同及政治信任來測量威權體制的政治支持，驗證本文的研究假設，具有民粹民族主義政治價值者，對於制度認同及中央權威機構的政治支持程度較高，但對於實際治理機構的認同程度較低，顯示出差序性政治信任以及對威權體制抱有「委任式民意」的政治支持。

Why China's authoritarian regime has not failed? Scholar explain that authoritarian regime got resilience. This study focus on the influence of ideology, analysis that whether Chinese got populism and nationalism as political attitudes, and will the political support for the authoritarian regime influenced by populist nationalism? This study assumed that those who got populist nationalism might have higher political support for authoritarian regime, and it can explains why China got its authoritarian resilience. My research uses the fourth wave of Asian Barometer Survey in China. The results show that in China, the proportion of people with the value of populist nationalism is the highest, while people who got populist nationalism are those less affected by modernization. By measuring the political support of the authoritarian regime for institutional identity and political trust, find out those who have the value of populist nationalism have higher political support for institutional identity and trust of central authority institution, but they got less political trust with the actual governance institutions. It shows hierarchical political trust and the authoritarian regime remain its legitimacy from populism and nationalism ideology in China.