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| DC 欄位 | 值 | 語言 |
|---|---|---|
| dc.contributor.advisor | 楊?伸(Chii-Shen Yang) | |
| dc.contributor.author | Ling-Ning Ko | en |
| dc.contributor.author | 柯齡甯 | zh_TW |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2021-06-17T05:01:04Z | - |
| dc.date.available | 2028-07-25 | |
| dc.date.copyright | 2018-08-01 | |
| dc.date.issued | 2018 | |
| dc.date.submitted | 2018-07-25 | |
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| dc.identifier.uri | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/71252 | - |
| dc.description.abstract | 嗜鹽古細菌 (haloarchaea) 如何生活於高光照、高鹽的極端環境中，表現在膜上的視紫質扮演了重要角色。依照生理功能可以區分為兩大類—光驅動離子幫浦 (light-driven ion pump) 與光趨性受體 (phototaxis receptors)，前者如氫視紫質 (bacteriorhodopsin，BR) 與氯視紫質 (halorhodopsin，HR)，後者像是感覺型視紫質(sensory rhodopsin，SR)。本研究所探討的鹽方扁平古菌 (Haloquadratum walsbyi, Hw) 可存活於其他嗜鹽古菌無法生存的2.0 M MgCl2環境中且擁有三種視紫質，光驅動離子幫浦 BR、HR 以及第三種功能未知的Middle Rhodopsin (MR)，前人研究指出 MR 同時具有BR及SRII特有的保守關鍵胺基酸，且其生物化學特性介於兩者之間。比較先前對 Hw 上另外兩種視紫質的研究顯示，BR 具備高耐酸能力，HR 與氯離子的結合力強，那麼第三種 MR 是否也與某種離子具相關性?因H. walsbyi具有獨特的鎂離子高耐受性，故進行一系列特性分析探討其和鎂離子之關係。本研究在透過視紫質於不同離子濃度下，觀察其特徵吸收峰偏移程度，以評估是否對某一離子具專一性結合，並利用光週期驗證視紫質結構變化時，離子是否參與其中。實驗結果發現，Hw 的三種視紫質以及其他菌種的視紫質，只有 MR 在不同鎂、鈉離子濃度環境下，其特徵吸收峰顯著偏移；更進一步在光週期測定，發現只在不同鎂離子濃度下具有快慢的差異，此為突破性的發現，於是進一步挑選在MR上可能和鎂離子結合之胺基酸進行點突變，發現位於蛋白質胞外側的 D84 具有篩選可以進入蛋白質的離子種類，接近視黃醛口袋 (retinal binding pocket) 的 T216 以及位在蛋白質胞內側 D95則為可能的鎂離子專一性結合位，而鎂離子和MR結合之生理重要性則正在做更深入的研究。 | zh_TW |
| dc.description.abstract | In haloarchaeas, microbial rhodopsins (M-Rho) are vital proteins for solar energy capture, as well as seeking for optimal living environment. Based on different physiological functions and mechanisms, two types of M-Rho have been found: light-driven ion transporters (bacteriorhodopsin, BR and halorhodopsin, HR) and phototaxis receptors (sensory rhodopsin, SR). Haloquadratum walsbyi (Hw) survives a 2.0 M MgCl2 condition and three M-Rho were identified in its genome, namely light-driven ion transporters HwBR, HwHR, and the functionally unknown HwMR. Previous studies showed HwMR to have the conserved residues from both BR and SRII; it even possesses photochemical properties of both, too. Based on our previous findings that HwBR was acid-tolerant and HwHR had extremely high affinity to chloride. Since Hw cells were found to survive an otherwise harmful 2.0 M Mg2+ environment, the goal of this study was set to seek the specific ion species, including Mg2+, that associate with MR. Here, we present the maximum absorbance (Abs-max) variations of three Hw M-Rho proteins under different ion species and concentrations and ion-dependent photocycle kinetics were recorded. Our results showed only MR appeared to be Mg2+ and Na+ sensitive among three M-Rhos in Hw. Furthermore, only the photocycle kinetics of MR showed significant changes under Mg2+. In order to investigate the critical site(s) related to Mg2+ binding, we mutated several amino acids in MR, and concluded that D84 which locates on the extracellular half of protein contributed to ion selectivity; the T216 near the retinal binding pocket, as well as cytoplasmic side D95 might be the specific Mg2+ binding sites. Further physiological significance is under study. | en |
| dc.description.provenance | Made available in DSpace on 2021-06-17T05:01:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ntu-107-R05b22051-1.pdf: 4295747 bytes, checksum: fc012012a57496ffdd491d9800603bc5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018 | en |
| dc.description.tableofcontents | 目錄 I
圖目錄 V 表目錄 VII 摘要 VII Abstract IX 第一章 緒論 1 第一節 嗜鹽古生菌 1 第二節 微生物視紫質 (Microbial Rhodopsins) 2 第三節 Haloquadratum walsbyi 5 第四節 中間型態視紫質 7 I-4.1 蛋白質序列 7 I-4.2 紫外光/可見光譜 8 I-4.3 光週期 (Photocycle) 10 I-4.4 功能性測試—質子傳輸 11 I-4.5 演化探討 13 第五節 研究動機與目的 14 第二章 材料與方法 16 第一節 實驗材料與藥品 16 II-1.1 菌種 16 II-1.2 質體 16 II-1.3 藥品 16 第二節 實驗儀器與設備 18 II-2.1 核酸電泳 18 II-2.2 蛋白質電泳及轉印 18 II-2.3 離心機 18 II-2.4 酸鹼度計 18 II-2.5 光學設備 19 II-2.6 其他 19 第三節 實驗方法 20 II-3.1 生物資訊分析 20 II-3.2 質體轉型與建構 20 II-3.2.1 核酸萃取 20 II-3.2.2 聚合酶鏈鎖反應 (PCR) 20 II-3.2.3 DNA膠體純化 21 II-3.2.4 限制酶剪切 21 II-3.2.5 DNA黏合 21 II-3.2.6 大腸桿菌轉形 21 II-3.2.7 轉形株鑑定 22 II-3.2.8 突變株建構 22 II-3.3 重組蛋白質表現與純化 23 II-3.3.1 目標蛋白質表達 23 II-3.3.2 破菌與蛋白質萃取 23 II-3.3.3 膜分離與溶出膜蛋白質 24 II-3.3.4 親和層析法純化 24 II-3.3.5 膠體過濾法 24 II-3.3.6 超微膜過濾濃縮 24 II-3.3.7 透析 24 II-3.4 蛋白質定量 25 II-3.5 蛋白質定性分析 26 II-3.5.1 SDS-PAGE 變性膠體電泳 26 II-3.5.2 蛋白質轉印 27 II-3.5.3 免疫呈色 27 II-3.6 蛋白質光學性質分析 27 II-3.6.1 特徵吸收光譜測定 27 II-3.6.2 感光蛋白質光週期測定 27 II-3.6.3 光驅動離子幫浦活性測試 28 II-3.6.4 光電流訊號測試 29 II-3.7 蛋白質養晶 30 II-3.7.1 Pre crystallization test (PCT) 30 II-3.7.2 坐式液滴結晶條件篩選 (sitting drop) 30 第三章 實驗結果 31 第一節 生物資訊軟體分析 31 III-1.1 HwMR 結構模擬 31 III-1.2 序列比對 33 第二節 H.walsbyi 上三種視紫質吸收光譜特性分析 34 III-2.1 不同pH值之下 34 III-2.2 不同離子環境下 36 III-2.2.1 鎂離子與視紫質之相關性 36 III-2.2.2 鈉離子與視紫質之相關性 36 III-2.2.3 鈣離子與視紫質之相關性 37 第三節 H.walsbyi 上三種視紫質光週期特性分析 41 III-3.1 不同pH值之下 41 III-3.2 不同離子環境下 43 III-3.2.1 鎂離子與視紫質之相關性 43 III-3.2.2 鈉離子與視紫質之相關性 43 第四節HwMR 上與金屬離子作用的關鍵胺基酸分析 47 III-4.1 HwMR 點突變建構 47 III-4.2 蛋白質表現確認 47 III-4.3 HwMR 點突變蛋白質顏色調諧 (color-tuning) 50 III-4.4 不同離子之下吸收光譜測定 51 III-4.4.1 突變蛋白質與鎂離子之相關性 51 III-4.4.2 突變蛋白質與鈉離子之相關性 52 III-4.4.3 突變蛋白質與鈣離子之相關性 54 III-4.5 光週期量測 56 III-4.5.1 鎂離子環境下 56 III-4.5.2 鈉離子環境下 57 III-4.6 不同濃度鎂離子環境下對於特徵吸收波長的影響 59 第五節 其他菌種的視紫質與鎂離子之相關性 60 第六節 HwMR 內部質子傳遞情形之探討 61 III-6.1 蛋白質光電流訊號測試 61 III-6.2 全細胞氫離子幫浦活性與光電流測試 64 第七節 HwMR的養晶條件 66 第四章 結論與探討 68 第一節 HwMR 與鎂離子的交互作用 68 第二節 HwMR 在生理上的意義 70 IV-2.1 內部的質子循環 70 IV-2.2 特殊結構 70 第五章 未來展望 72 第六章 參考文獻 73 | |
| dc.language.iso | zh-TW | |
| dc.subject | Middle Rhodopsin | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 光週期 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 鎂離子 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 特徵吸收峰 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 鹽方扁平古菌 Haloquadratum walsbyi | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | Mg2+ | en |
| dc.subject | Haloquadratum walsbyi | en |
| dc.subject | Middle Rhodopsin | en |
| dc.subject | maximum absorbance | en |
| dc.subject | photocycle kinetics | en |
| dc.title | 鎂離子對鹽方扁平古菌一功能未知視紫質 HwMR 光學特性之影響研究 | zh_TW |
| dc.title | Probing the Mg2+-dependent optical property changes of the functionally unknown Middle Rhodopsin from Haloquadratum walsbyi, HwMR | en |
| dc.type | Thesis | |
| dc.date.schoolyear | 106-2 | |
| dc.description.degree | 碩士 | |
| dc.contributor.oralexamcommittee | 梁博煌(Po-Huang Liang),李昆達(Kung-Ta Lee),吳?承(Hsuan-Chen Wu),楊長豪(Chang-Hao Yang) | |
| dc.subject.keyword | 鹽方扁平古菌 Haloquadratum walsbyi,Middle Rhodopsin,特徵吸收峰,光週期,鎂離子, | zh_TW |
| dc.subject.keyword | Haloquadratum walsbyi,Middle Rhodopsin,maximum absorbance,photocycle kinetics,Mg2+, | en |
| dc.relation.page | 78 | |
| dc.identifier.doi | 10.6342/NTU201801864 | |
| dc.rights.note | 有償授權 | |
| dc.date.accepted | 2018-07-25 | |
| dc.contributor.author-college | 生命科學院 | zh_TW |
| dc.contributor.author-dept | 生化科技學系 | zh_TW |
| 顯示於系所單位： | 生化科技學系 | |
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