資訊系統開發敏捷度架構之探討與建立

Abstract

隨著新興資訊科技的興起，企業需隨時因應各式風險，而企業如何透過敏捷開發模式因應風險，即是一項極為重要的議題。然而考量現今敏捷開發模式著重於開發專案本身，無法協助企業迅速回應系統開發過程中的各式風險。基於文獻回顧，本研究目的在於不僅從資訊系統開發流程，亦從組織內外部環境及組織學習能力等層面，探討影響資訊系統開發的敏捷度因子，建構出一套協助企業快速應變風險的資訊系統開發敏捷度架構。 在結合台灣五間採用新興資訊科技的企業並以個案研究法分析後，本研究證實企業在資訊系統開發上，需從資訊系統開發（包含資訊系統敏捷開發模式、實踐工具、專案及風險管理方法、開發團隊溝通方式）、組織內部（包含開發團隊與組織互動方式、個人與各部門溝通方式、管理者思維、組織文化、目標及願景）、組織外部（包含產品服務屬性、與供應商及消費者互動方式、市場定位策略、市場競爭力）及組織學習能力（包含知識管理制度、組織文化、吸收能力、解吸能力、雙元性）等層面思考影響資訊系統開發敏捷度的因子並採取相對應之策略。分析結果顯示，具備開放、團結與樂於溝通的組織文化可幫助資訊系統開發敏捷度的建立，而個人動態能力的培養可成為組織順利建立敏捷度架構的關鍵依據，成為本研究之重要發現。期許資訊系統開發團隊邁向敏捷開發模式之餘，在面對組織溝通風氣建立、組織外部環境影響及個人動態能力培養上，搭配資訊系統開發敏捷度成熟度模型，評估資訊系統開發敏捷度的導入程度，進而達到快速因應風險的效果，將威脅及損失轉化為創造市場競爭優勢的機會。

With the rapid development of new information technology, it is important for members in information technology departments to quickly respond to risks with agile mentality. While the current agile development methods focus more on information development processes, the main purpose of this research is to establish an information system development agile framework, including affected factors not only from information system development processes but also from internal environment, external environment and organizational learning capabilities. Therefore, researcher interviewed with five enterprises adopting new technologies in Taiwan about their strategies of agile thinking, learning capabilities, corporate culture and goals. Regarding the case study method as the main research method, after analyzing, the following are the findings in the research. First, information technology departments have to consider factors affecting agile development processes from the perspective of information system development (including agile development model, agile development tools, project and risk management methods and interacion with others in information technology department), internal envireonment(including interaction with other departments, communication in information technology department, managerial thinking, organizational culture, organizational aims and organizational vision),external environment(including products, interaction with suppliers and customers, market positioning and market competitiveness) and learning capabilities(including knowledge management policy, absorptive capabilities, desorptive capabilities and Ambidexterity).Second, under an open-minded, unite and communicative culture, it is beneficial for enterprises to build up an infromation system development agile framework. Lastly, individual dynamic capabilities is the key factor which causes information system development agile framework become more successful. The researcher hopes this framework will not only help information technology departments respond to risks from internal and external environment quickly but transfer threats and losses into competitive advantages from the perspecitve of building an communicative culure and emphasizing more on individual dynamic capabilities.