台日高中男子籃球體制之比較

Abstract

本論文是以台灣松山高中與南山高中、日本明成高校及福岡第一高校，共四所高中之男子籃球隊教練與球員為研究對象。本論文主要探討如下：一、台日高中男子籃球隊組織內部的制度，包括1.台日球隊教練的制度養成與培訓球員的觀念，2.台日球員的訓練過程與制度，以及3.台日球員日常生活文化之差異。二、台日高中男子籃球隊與其外部資源的關係，包括球隊與贊助者的關係，以及球隊的海外移地訓練與國際交流。 本論文主要的研究發現如下：首先，台灣的教練證具有永久效期，相較而言，日本的教練則需每年換發一次教練證，且必須參加講習會才能更新。為了建立完整且有系統的教練體制，筆者認為台灣的教練證有必要改採同日本須定期換發教練證的制度。第二，筆者研究發現在台灣，高中球隊已經像是籃球職業隊；在日本，球隊則屬於學校活動的一部分。加入台灣球隊有若干限制，台灣球員較早即下定決心把重心放在籃球上，並且希望以此作為職涯發展。再則，有較完善的贊助廠商當後盾，對球員而言環境也更為友善。相較之下，日本球員下定決心把重心放在籃球上的年紀較晚，在日本，球員亦不會因為晨練因素而上學遲到，學過其他才藝的比率較高。因此，面對未來的生涯規劃，選項便非僅限於成為職業籃球選手。第三、兩國球風格是克服缺點而形成的。台灣較常見單打等個人技，日本則較多陣地戰的團體戰術。台日教練及球員皆這麼認為，台灣球員的身體素質較具優勢、日本球員的優勢則在於速度。本論文調查後發現，日本球員的平均身高比台灣球員矮、體重亦較輕，是故，日本球員必須仰賴速度與團隊合作以克服身材上的限制，因而形成現在的日本打球風格。另值得一提的是，在球員最嚮往的球員之調查中，台灣兩隊的球員皆嚮往為NBA球員。反觀，日本的兩隊球員，則有一半是選為NBA球員、一半嚮往為日本球員，而其可能的原因即與此有關。

In this thesis, the main research objects are Taipei Municipal Songshan Senior High School, Private Nanshan Senior High School in Taiwan, Meisei High School, and Fukuoka Daiichi High School in Japan. The things that this study investigates are as follows. I.The internal systems of boy’s basketball teams in Taiwan and Japan： I-i.The formations of coach system and the coaches’ notions of training basketball players. I-ii.The training process and institutions of basketball players. I-iii.The differences in daily life culture between basketball players in Taiwan and Japan. II.The relationship between boy’s basketball teams and their external resources in Taiwan and Japan： II-i.The relationship between boy’s basketball teams and sponsors. II-ii.The off-site training and international activities. The main research findings are as follows. First, coach certificate in Taiwan is permanent; on the contrary, coach certificate in Japan is only valid for a year and coaches are required to participate in assembly to replace the old with a new one. The author thinks that the system of coach certificate in Taiwan needs to be revised and adopt Japan’s so as to set up a integral and systematic system. Second, the author finds that high school basketball teams in Taiwan are like professional ones; but in Japan, it is a part of school life. There are some limitations to join basketball team in Taiwan, so players are determined to engage in basketball earlier in life and hope to play for a lifetime. In addition, with a more complete sponsorship, the circumstances for players are better. By contrast, players in Japan determine to engage in basketball are later than in Taiwan. They will not late for class because of morning training and the rate that they have other talents is high so their career are not restricted to professional basketball players. Third, the style of playing is designed to overcome shortcomings. There are more isolation in Taiwanese playing style; in contrast, there are more team tactics in Japanese one. Coaches and players in Taiwan and Japan all consider that physics condition of players from Taiwan is better and the advantage of players from Japan is their speed. Through investigation, the author finds that players from Japan are averagely shorter and thinner than Taiwan. Since they are not as tall as their Taiwanese counterparts the Japanese players must rely on other factors such as speed and team cooperation, which has become the cornerstone of their playing style.Worth mentioning, in the investigation into who players adore and yearn for, all players of both teams from Taiwan worship NBA players, while half of players from Japan worship Japanese players and the reason may be related to the analogous playing style.