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  1. NTU Theses and Dissertations Repository
  2. 電機資訊學院
  3. 電子工程學研究所
請用此 Handle URI 來引用此文件: http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/70536
完整後設資料紀錄
DC 欄位值語言
dc.contributor.advisor李泰成(Tai-Cheng Lee)
dc.contributor.authorYu-Lun Hsiehen
dc.contributor.author謝雨倫zh_TW
dc.date.accessioned2021-06-17T04:30:28Z-
dc.date.available2028-08-12
dc.date.copyright2018-08-14
dc.date.issued2018
dc.date.submitted2018-08-13
dc.identifier.citation[1] J. Márkus, Higher-order incremental delta-sigma analog-to-digital converters, Master Thesis, 2005.
[2] J. Garcia, S. Rodriguez, and A. Rusu, “A low-power CT incremental 3rd order sigma delta ADC for biosensor applications,” IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. I, Reg. Papers, vol. 60, no. 1, pp. 25–36, Jan. 2013.
[3] K. Lee et al., “A noise-coupled time-interleaved delta-sigma ADC with 4.2 MHz bandwidth, 98 dB THD, and 79 dB SNDR,” IEEE J. Solid State Circuits, vol. 43, no. 12, pp. 2601–2612, Dec. 2008.
[4] K. Lee, M. R. Miller, and G. C. Temes, “An 8.1 mW, 82 dB delta-sigma ADC with 1.9 MHz BW and 98 dB THD,” IEEE J. Solid State Circuits, vol. 44, no. 8, pp. 2202–2211, Aug. 2008.
[5] X. Meng, Y. Zhang, T. He, and G. C. Temes, “Low-distortion wideband delta-sigma ADCs with shifted loop delays,” IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. I, Reg. Papers, vol. 62, no. 2, pp. 376–384, Feb. 2015.
[6] J. Markus, “Higher-order Incremental Delta-Sigma Analog-to-Digital Converters,” Department of Measurement and Information Systems and the Doctoral Committee of the Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, 2005.
[7] Scoot D. Kulchycki. (2008, Jan.). Continuous-Time Sigma-Delta ADCs [Online]. Available: http://www.ti.com/lit/an/snaa098/snaa098.pdf
[8] Weinan Gao, Omid Shoaei, and W. Martin Snelgrove, “Excess Loop Delay Effects in Continuous-Time Delta-Sigma Modulators and the Compensation Solution,” Proc. IEEE Int. Symp. Circuits Syst, pp. 65–68, Jun. 1997.
[9] A. Bakker, and J. H. Huijsing, “Micropower CMOS temperature sensor with digital output,” IEEE J. Solid-State Circuits, vol. 31, no. 7, pp. 933–937, Jul. 1996.
[10] Mollazadeh M, Murari K, Cauwenberghs G, and Thakor N. “Micropower CMOS integrated low-noise amplification, filtering, and digitization of multimodal neuropotentials, ” IEEE Trans. Biomedical Circuits and Systems, vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 1–10, Feb. 2009.
[11] R. Schreier, Delta Sigma Toolbox. [Online]. Available: http://www.mathworks.com/matlabcentral/fileexchange/19-delta-sigma-toolbox
[12] T. C. Caldwell, and D. A. Johns, “Incremental data converters at low oversampling ratios,” IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. I, Reg. Papers, vol. 57, pp. 1525–1537, Jul. 2010.
[13] Yun-Shiang Shu, Bang-Sup Song, and Kantilal Bacrania, “A 65nm CMOS CT ΔΣ Modulator with 81dB DR and 8MHz BW Auto-Tuned by Pulse Injection,” ISSCC Dig. Tech. Papers, pp. 500–631, Feb. 2008.
[14] Trevor Caldwell, David Alldred, and Zhao Li, “A Reconfigurable ΔΣ ADC With Up to 100 MHz Bandwidth Using Flash Reference Shuffling,” IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. I, Reg. Papers, vol. 61, no. 8, pp. 2263–2271, Aug. 2014.
[15] G. Mitteregger, C. Ebner, S. Mechnig, T. Blon, C. Holuigue, and E. Romani, “A 20-mW 640-MHz CMOS continuous-time ΣΔ ADC with 20-MHz signal bandwidth, 80-dB dynamic range and 12-bit ENOB,” IEEE J. Solid-State Circuits, vol. 41, no. 12, pp. 2641–2649, Dec. 2004.
[16] Yu-Hsuan Kang, “The Design and Analysis of a Shifted-Averaging VCO-Based Delta-Sigma Modulator,” Master thesis, Graduate Inst. Electron. Eng., Nat. Taiwan Univ., Taipei, Taiwan, 2013.
[17] Rex T. Baird, and Terri S. Fiez, “Improved ΔΣ DAC Linearity Using Data Weighted Averaging,” Proc. IEEE Int. Symp. Circuits Syst., vol. 1, pp. 13–16, May. 1995.
[18] C.-C. Liu, S.-J. Chang, G.-Y. Huang, and Y.-Z. Lin, “A 10-bit 50-MS/s SAR ADC with a monotonic capacitor switching procedure,” IEEE J. Solid-State Circuits, vol. 45, no. 4, pp. 731–740, Apr. 2010.
[19] V. Tripathi, and B. Murmann, “An 8-bit 450-MS/s single-bit/cycle SAR ADC in 65-nm CMOS,” Proc. ESSCIRC, pp. 117–120, Sep. 2013.
[20] M. van Elzakker, E. van Tuijl, P. Geraedts, D. Schinkel, E. Klumperink, and B. Nauta, “A 1.9 W 4.4 fJ/conversion-step 10 b 1 MS/s charge-redistribution ADC,” ISSCC Dig. Tech. Papers, pp. 244–245, Feb. 2008.
[21] S. Yan, and E. Sánchez-Sinecio, “A continuous-time ΣΔ modulator with 88-dB dynamic range and 1.1 MHz signal bandwidth,” IEEE J. Solid-State Circuits, vol. 39, no. 1, pp. 75–86, Jan. 2004.
[22] Patrick Vogelmann, Michael Haas, and Maurits Ortmanns, “A 1.1mW 200kS/s Incremental ΔΣ ADC with a DR of 91.5dB Using Integrator Slicing for Dynamic Power Reduction,” ISSCC Dig. Tech. Papers, pp. 236–238, Feb. 2018.
[23] C.-H. Chen, Y. Zhang, T. He, P. Chiang, and G. C. Temes, “A micro-power two-step incremental analog-to-digital converter,” IEEE J. Solid-State Circuits, vol. 50, no.8, pp. 1796-1808, Aug. 2015.
[24] S. Tao, and A. Rusu, “A power-efficient continuous-time incremental sigma-delta ADC for neural recording systems,” IEEE Tran. Circuits Syst. I, vol. 62 no. 6, pp. 1489-1498, Jun. 2015.
[25] Ali. Agah, et al., “A high-resolution low-power oversampling ADC with extended-range for bio-sensor arrays,” IEEE J. Solid-State Circuits, vol.45, no. 6, pp. 1099–1110, Jun. 2010.
[26] C. Chen, Z. Tan, and M. A. P. Pertijs, “A 1 V 14b self-timed zero crossing-based incremental ΔΣ ADC,” ISSCC Dig. Tech. Papers, pp. 274–275, Feb. 2013.
[27] J. Liang, and D. A. Johns, “A frequency-scalable 15-bit incremental ADC for low power sensor applications,” Proc. IEEE Int. Symp. Circuits Syst., pp. 2418-2421, Jun. 2010.
[28] Yoon Hwee Leow, Howard Tang, Zhuo Chao Sun, and Liter Siek, “A 1 V 103 dB 3rd-Order Audio Continuous-Time ΣΔ ADC With Enhanced Noise Shaping in 65 nm CMOS,” IEEE J. Solid-State Circuits, vol. 51, no. 11, pp. 2625–2638, Nov. 2016.
[29] Bo Wu, Shuang Zhu, Benwei Xu, and Yun Chiu, “A 24.7 mW 65 nm CMOS SAR-Assisted CT ΔΣ Modulator With Second-Order Noise Coupling Achieving 45 MHz Bandwidth and 75.3 dB SNDR,” IEEE J. Solid-State Circuits, vol. 51, no. 12, pp. 2893–2905, Dec. 2016.
[30] Hung-Chieh Tsai, Chi-Lun Lo, Chen-Yen Ho, and Yu-Hsin Lin, “A 64-fJ/Conv.-Step Continuous-Time ΣΔ Modulator in 40-nm CMOS Using Asynchronous SAR Quantizer and Digital ΔΣ Truncator,” IEEE J. Solid-State Circuits, vol. 48, no. 11, pp. 2637–2648, Nov. 2013.
[31] Kamlesh Singh, and Shanthi Pavan, “A 14 bit Dual Channel Incremental Continuous-time ΔΣ Modulator for Multiplexed Data Acquisition,” International Conference on Embedded Systems, Jan. 2016.
[32] Sha Tao, and Ana Rusu, “A comparative design study of continuous-time incremental sigma-delta ADC architectures,” International Journal Circuit Theory Application, pp. 2147–2163, May. 2016.
[33] J. A. Cherry and W. M. Snelgrove, “Excess loop delay in continuous time delta-sigma modulators,” IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. II, Analog Digit. Signal Process., vol. 46, no. 4, pp. 376–389, Apr. 1999.
[34] V. Quiquempoix, P. Deval, A. Barreto, G. Bellini, J. Markus, J. Silva, and G. C. Temes, “A low-power 22-bit incremental ADC,” IEEE J. Solid-State Circuits, vol. 41, no. 7, pp. 1562–1571, Jul. 2006.
[35] B. Razavi, Principles of data conversion system design, Wiley-IEEE Press, New York, 1995.
dc.identifier.urihttp://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/70536-
dc.description.abstract增量型三角積分調變器有許多應用,包含生物醫學測量、感測器陣列測量,並適用於任何多通道感測平台,這些物聯網的應用通常結合高速傳輸與無線網路連結的特性,因此低功率消耗是首先要被考慮的。此論文呈獻一個三階五位元連續時間增量型三角積分調變器,為了低功耗的考量,我們使用更有效率的連續漸進式暫存類比數位轉換器取代傳統的快閃式類比數位轉換器並且利用雜訊耦合的技術減少使用消耗功率的運算放大器之數量且達到相同的雜訊成型效果,迴路延遲補償也嵌入在連續漸進式暫存類比數位轉換器而不需要額外的數位類比轉換器。本晶片使用台積電四十奈米互補式金屬氧化物半導體1P6M製程所實現,本晶片操作於一百六十萬取樣頻率,並於二十五千赫茲的有效頻寬下於增量型模式得到71.98 dB的訊號雜訊失真比,於三角積分模式下得到72.34 dB的訊號雜訊失真比。在1.2伏特和1.5伏特的電源供應下總共消耗225微瓦,晶片的核心面積小於0.318平方毫米。zh_TW
dc.description.abstractIncremental delta-sigma data converter (IDC) has many useful applications including biomedical measurement and sensor array measurement, and is suitable for multi-channel platforms. This application for internet of things (IOT) always combine the characteristics of high-speed transmission and wireless network connectivity. Therefore, low power consumption is the first to be considered.This thesis presents a 3rd-order, 5-bit continuous-time incremental delta-sigma data converter (CTIDC). For low power consideration, we replace conventional FLASH ADC by power-efficient successive-approximation-register (SAR) ADC and utilizing the noise coupling (NC) technique to reduce the numbers of power-hungry op-amps for the same noise shaping effect. The excess loop delay compensation (ELDC) is also embedded in the SAR ADC without using additional DAC.Fabricated in TSMC 40 nm LP 1P6M technology, the proposed modulator is operated at 1.6MHz sampling clock. It achieves peak SNDR of 71.98 dB in IDC mode and 72.34 dB SNDR in SDM mode within 25 kHz signal bandwidth. This chip dissipates 225 μW from 1.2V/1.5V supply voltage. The active area of this modulator occupies less than 0.318mm2.en
dc.description.provenanceMade available in DSpace on 2021-06-17T04:30:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1
ntu-107-R03943027-1.pdf: 4298951 bytes, checksum: 6a46b891170f9cee0fec8de400cca4e7 (MD5)
Previous issue date: 2018
en
dc.description.tableofcontents致謝 i
摘要 iii
Abstract v
Contents vii
List of Figures x
List of Tables xiii
Chapter 1 Introduction 1
1.1 Motivation and Research Goals 1
1.2 Thesis Organization 4
Chapter 2 Fundamentals of CTIDC 5
2.1 Introduction 5
2.2 ADC Performance Metrics 5
2.2.1 Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) 5
2.2.2 Signal-to-Noise-and-Distortion Ratio (SNDR) 7
2.2.3 Effective Number-of-Bits (ENOB) 7
2.2.4 Spurious-Free Dynamic Range (SFDR) 8
2.2.5 Figure of Merit (FoM) 9
2.3 Introduction to IDC 9
2.4 Fundamental of IDC 11
2.5 DT-CT Modulator Equivalence 14
2.6 Comparison Between DT and CT IDC 16
Chapter 3 Behavior Simulation and Analysis for CTIDC 17
3.1 Introduction 17
3.2 Systematic Design of Loop-Filter 17
3.3 Excess Loop Delay and DT-CT Transformation 22
3.4 Dynamic Range Scaling 24
3.5 Time-domain Analysis 25
3.6 Input-Referred Noise of Incremental ΔΣ Modulator 27
3.7 Commonly-Used ELD Compensation Architecture 29
3.8 Noise Analysis 32
3.9 Non-Ideal Behavior Analysis 34
3.9.1 Coefficients Variation Effect 34
3.9.2 Finite DC Gain of Op-Amp 35
3.9.3 Finite Gain Bandwidth Product (GBW) of Op-Amp 36
3.9.4 Effect of Input S/H Circuit 37
3.10 Current DAC Mismatch 40
Chapter 4 Circuit Implementation of CTIDC 43
4.1 Introduction 43
4.2 Proposed Modulator Architecture 43
4.3 Circuit Level Parameters 45
4.4 Op-amp Design 45
4.5 Current DAC 52
4.5.1 DAC Biasing Circuit and DAC Cell 52
4.5.2 DAC Driving Circuit 54
4.6 Quantizer Design 55
4.6.1 Incorporating SAR ADC and NC Caps Into System 55
4.6.2 ELD Compensation 63
4.7 RC Time Constant Tuning 65
4.8 Clock Generator 66
4.9 DWA 68
4.10 Layout Floor Plan 70
4.11 Post-Layout Simulation 72
Chapter 5 Experimental Results 73
5.1 Introduction 73
5.2 Measurement Setup 74
5.3 Print Circuit Board Design 75
5.4 Measurement Results 76
5.5 Performance Summary 78
5.6 Conclusions and Future Works 80
Bibliography 81
dc.language.isoen
dc.subject連續漸進式暫存類比數位轉換器zh_TW
dc.subject連續時間增量型三角積分調變器zh_TW
dc.subject雜訊耦合zh_TW
dc.subject迴路延遲補償zh_TW
dc.subjectSAR ADCen
dc.subjectContinuous-time incremental delta-sigma data converteren
dc.subjectNoise couplingen
dc.subjectExcess loop delay compensationen
dc.title連續時間增量型三角積分調變器zh_TW
dc.titleContinuous-Time Incremental Delta Sigma Data Converteren
dc.typeThesis
dc.date.schoolyear106-2
dc.description.degree碩士
dc.contributor.oralexamcommittee黃柏鈞(Po-Chiun Huang),林宗賢(Tsung-Hsien Lin)
dc.subject.keyword連續時間增量型三角積分調變器,連續漸進式暫存類比數位轉換器,雜訊耦合,迴路延遲補償,zh_TW
dc.subject.keywordContinuous-time incremental delta-sigma data converter,SAR ADC,Noise coupling,Excess loop delay compensation,en
dc.relation.page85
dc.identifier.doi10.6342/NTU201803065
dc.rights.note有償授權
dc.date.accepted2018-08-13
dc.contributor.author-college電機資訊學院zh_TW
dc.contributor.author-dept電子工程學研究所zh_TW
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